Language, Culture and Symbolic Forms

As Ernst Cassierer introduced in his “Philosophie der symbolischen Formen” in 1923, he specifically mentioned “language” as well as a way of symbolic forms. In 1991, the self declared “researcher on human sciences”, Norbert Elias, published his work called “The Symbol Theory” where he mainly writes about language as an application of symbolic forms and symbols. Elias does not make any reference to Cassirer at all, but states that languages are a part of a civilization process and part of cultur

Simbol Diskursif dan Presentasional Sintren

Sintren was born and developed in the coastal areas of the island of Java, precisely in the Cirebon area. Sintren is unique and sacred in which makes the dancers feel the trance (angelic trance). This study analyzes the meaning of the symbols applying the symbol theory. Susanne Langer divides art symbols into two categories, discursive and presentational symbol theory. Discursively, sintren has several sequential stages. First, sintren is tied. Then she is put into a cage, exiting from the cage while clothes have been changed. Getting out from the cage, the dancers are already in their full costume including the glasses. The final phase is the dancer to be awaken from the trance conditions. Meanwhile for presentation symbol, it is initially as cleaning village ritual for the safety and blessing in the village. This ritual is to pray for the village to be protected from catastrophe or unwanted calamities. Keywords: Art, dance, sintren, trance, symbo

The Conceptualization of Grammatical Number

The current study investigated the nature of the mental representation of grammatical number. We used methodology from Stanfield and Zwaan (2001) in an attempt to distinguish amodal from perceptual systems. Participants read a sentence that ended with either a singular or plural noun. After reading the sentence, they viewed a picture that matched or mismatched the number of the sentence final-noun. They then judged whether the referent in the picture had been in the sentence. Participants were slower when matching a singular lexical stimulus (e.g. apple) to a plural graphic stimulus (See Figure 2) compared to the other three conditions. The results did not follow the pattern found by Stanfield & Zwaan (2001). The results are more consistent with logical entailment

FORMALITY AND REPRESENTATIONAL RELATIVISM: A CRITICAL PHILOSOPHICAL INVESTIGATION INTO KNOWLEDGE REPRESENTATION AS ONE TRANSFORMATION OF WESTERN PHILOSOPHY

This paper provides a philosophical discussion of Knowledge Representation [KR], which has become an influential interdisciplinary and technology friendly research field through Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science. While KR appears an increasingly fashionable and subsequently blurred term, it originally emerged out of genuine meta-theoretical considerations. Subsequently, the reconstruction of KR's formal, structural and functional foundations should call for further philosophical evaluation of KR's interdisciplinary and practical potential. The focus is put on KR's logical and semiotical roots, both methodologically and historically, whose exposure prove necessary for a proper understanding and possible criticism of KR's [technological] applicability. The stipulation of analytical symbol theory is new in this context, but nevertheless necessary, as only a more principal semiotic focus may allow an appropriate evaluation of symbolic intelligence, which has to be considered KR's essence

SOMETHING OLD SOMETHING NEW: SIXTEENTH CENTURY DEVELOPMENTS IN EMBLEMATICS

Andrea Alciati is considered the first author of an emblem book. He was part of the humanist revolution which altered the form of knowledge and helped inspire the creation of the emblem genre. The visual and literary together symbolize aspects of life that have always already been. This thesis examines how theory has dealt with the genre by reviewing Platonic and Aristotelian symbol theory, impresa theory, contemporary literary theory, and modern emblem scholarship. The emblem’s relationship to classical precursors is considered in order to contextualize the genre. How the emblem was driven by the novel elements of the printing trade and how it formulated a relationship with its readers are analyzed as well. The emblem is an artful reconsideration of prior knowledge which is assigned a novel persona because of its mode of production

SYMBOLS IN THE STRUCTURE OF MELAY POETRY : THE STUDY OF TREATMENT CHARMS

The purpose of this study is to examine or reveal about the symbols and meanings of the symbols contained in the healing spell. The theory used in this research is the semiotic theory of the signifier and the signified and the symbol theory which analyzes the object representing a symbol. The method used is descriptive qualitative method, namely interviews with five informants as resource persons for spells which are solely to describe empirical facts or language phenomena that exist in life. The results of this study indicate that the symbols contained in the healing mantra are Tuan Putri seven, one hundred and ninety, kantan and reed, twigs, bidara leaves, iron chests, light of Allah, light of Muhammad, Hati tik Hati, points of heavy rain falling, rising and falling. laughter, betel nut, I'm elephant Ali's eyes stretched a few bones. etc

Schengen and the Rosary: Catholic Religion and the Postcolonial Syndrome in Polish National Habitus

The article discusses the formation of national habitus in Poland and its recent transformation in the post-socialist period from the perspective of Norbert Elias’s sociology of social processes. The starting point of the analysis is the action “Rosary to the Borders” (Różaniec do granic) of 2017: the article analyses the use of universal Catholic and nation-bound symbolic resources in this action referring to Elias’s symbol theory, in order to indicate the main characteristics of the mechanism of collective memory in this action connecting Catholic symbols to the national ones. Religious imagery of Polishness is then related to a reconstruction of Polish state-formation process, and two uses of national habitus, the internal and the external one, are identified, in which religious symbols play a significant role. The external use is illustrated by the brief overview of German-Polish antagonism. Finally, the postcolonial syndrome of Polis society is identified as source of the framing combining external and internal use of Polish national habitus, especially after 2015