Influence of Different Surface Conditioning Methods on Adhesion of Resin Cement to Zirconia

Statement of the problem: The challenge of enhancing the bond between zirconia and resin remains, and the efforts continue to determine a simple method for achieving a durable bond. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different surface conditioning strategies on the bond strength between zirconia and resin cement. Materials & Methods: Forty zirconia specimens (Lava Plus) were fabri-cated and divided into four groups: control (no surface treatment), primer app-lication (Z-Prime Plus), experimental acid (H2O:HF:H2O2) application, and the combination of the acid and primer application (n=10). A dual-cure resin ce-ment (RelyX Ultimate) was applied over the zirconia specimens. Shear bond strength tests were conducted using a universal testing machine with a cross-head speed of 1 mm/min. The results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test within the 95% confidence interval. Results: The results of the one-way ANOVA showed that acid applica-tion alone (22.99 ± 2.49 MPa) and acid and primer application (25.24 ± 3.19 MPa) had significantly higher bond strength than the primer (18.87 ± 3.13 MPa) and control (14.91 ± 3.72 MPa) groups (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the acid group and acid and primer combination group (P=0.396). The control group had the lowest bond strength in all test groups (P<0.05)

The effectiveness of relaxation exercises on fatigue in hemodialysis patients: a meta-analysis study

SUMMARY , Emine Erdem2 OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to determine the effect of relaxation exercise on fatigue symptoms in hemodialysis patients. METHODS: This is a meta-analysis study. The literature review was carried out by searching studies published between 2011 and 2020. This metaanalysis was recorded on PROSPERO in the National Health Research Institute (Registration no: CRD42022313646). RESULTS: Seven studies meeting the inclusion criteria were included in the meta-analysis. The effect size of the studies included in the meta-analysis was found to be g=1.232 (p=0.028), which indicated a “huge effect size.” The scale used in the subgroup analyses, the application time of the relaxation exercise, and the number of relaxation exercise applications were evaluated, and a significant difference was found at p<0.05. CONCLUSION: Relaxation exercises can be used as an effective method for reducing fatigue in hemodialysis patients. KEYWORDS: Exercise. Fatigue. Meta-analysis. Nursing. Renal dialysis

Facial blanching as an unusual complication after the ınjection of local anesthesia: A clinical report

Facial blanching is a complication related to local anesthesia in dentistry. Anatomical variation, intravascular injection, rapid local anesthetic injection, decreased blood flow with the vasopressor effect of epinephrine, ortho-retrograde movement of the solution, incorrect positioning of the needle, and neurological origin may cause this phenomenon, the etiology of which is not fully known. Most of the blanching cases reported in the literature are related to injection of the inferior alveolar nerve block. Also, intra-extraoral clinical photography is limited. Supraperiosteal infiltration anesthesia is a safe and easy technique that is frequently used in daily practice in dental clinics. This unique case report describes partial blanching of the face and gingiva after supraperiosteal infiltration of vasoconstrictor containing local anesthetic into the maxilla. In addition, the clinical-anatomical relationship of facial-mucosal blanching with the injection site, literature information, and clinical management with this complication are explained

Dream Routes Intersecting; Shape of Water Shaping Rocky Banks

Mary Newell (https://manitoulive.wixsite.com/maryn) authored the chapbooks Re-SURGE and TILT/ HOVER/ VEER, poems in journals and anthologies, and essays including “When Poetry Rivers” (Interim journal 38.3). She is co-editor of Poetics for the More-than-Human-World: An Anthology of Poetry and Commentary. She teaches creative writing at the University of Connecticut, Stamford. Newell (MA Columbia, BA Berkeley) received a doctorate from Fordham University with a focus on environment and embodiment in contemporary women’s writing

The Effects of Whole-Body Vibration Training on Trunk Muscle Strength: A Narrative Review

Mechanical vibration can improve neuromuscular function through postural control strategies, muscle tonic mechanisms, and tonic vibration reflexes. Whole body vibration (WBV) has also been announced to increase bone mineral density, muscle endurance and strength, as well as to enhance proprioceptive system. Moreover, WBV training was found to be a constructive strategy for improving the physical performance of elite athletes and healthy individuals in terms of muscle strength, agility, flexibility, and vertical jump height. Although there is still no consensus in research in this area, it is argued that certain molecular mechanisms involved in the physiological adaptations of exercise also emerge during WBV training. Clarifying these physiological mechanisms is crucial for optimizing the effectiveness of WBV trainings. Previous studies have examined the effects of WBV and have indicated developments in muscle strength, muscle endurance, flexibility, muscle cross sectional area, bone mineral density and body composition. However, no standard prescription has been established to optimize the effects of WBV, including the determination of vibration frequency and amplitude. In addition, the majority of previous studies have investigated the effects of WBV training on the extremities. There are few publications investigating its effectiveness on trunk and core muscle strength, which is one of the important indicators of athletic performance. Therefore, we conducted a narrative review of the literature, referring to the Cochrane Library and Medline databases, to summarize the most recent scientific evidence on the effects of whole-body vibration on trunk muscle strength. This narrative review concludes that at least 8 weeks of WBV training is more effective on trunk muscle strength than those performing the same exercises without WBV

Investigating the potential infestation region of Redbelly Tilapia (Coptodon zillii, Gervais 1848) in Iraq: Impacts of climate change on distribution

The encroachment of invasive species poses a significant threat to native ecosystems, especially in regions vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. This paper aims to examine the potential infestation region of Redbelly Tilapia (Coptodon zillii), an introduced fish species, in Iraq, should the species escape aquacultural facilities. Utilizing a Maxent model, our analysis identifies northern Iraq as the optimal habitat for C. zillii proliferation. Leveraging ecological modeling techniques and climate projections, this research emphasizes the need for proactive measures to prevent the establishment of C. zillii in these northern regions. Specifically, caution is advised against undertaking aquaculture activities in these areas to mitigate the risk of accidental escape and subsequent ecological disruption. By delineating areas of high susceptibility, this study provides actionable insights for conservation efforts and informs policy decisions aimed at preserving the integrity of native ecosystems in the face of environmental change

Effect of Post Silanization Drying Methods and Duration on The Shear Bond Strength Between The Leucite-reinforced Glass Ceramic and Resin Cement

Statement of the problem: Studies are ongoing to enhance the bonding strength between glass ceramic restorations and resin cements. The effect of va-rious drying methods on bonding strength is still controversial. Objective: The aim of this study is to determine whether different drying methods and durations affect the bonding strength between leucite re-inforced glass ceramics and resin cement. Materials and Methods: Thirty different leucite reinforced glass ceramic (G-Ceram, Atlas Enta) specimens were divided into 5 groups. All specimens were treated with 5% hydrofluoric acid (HF) (IPS Ceramic Etching Gel, for 60 seconds according to the manufacturer's instructions. After acid etching, speci-mens were rinsed with water spray for the duration of acid etching and dried with pressurized air. Following the application of primer (Monobond N, Ivoclar Vivadent), specimens were divided into 5 groups based on air-drying methods and durations: Control (C) group (dried with pressurized air for 10 seconds; air drying in ceramic furnace for 30 seconds (CF30); air drying in ceramic furnace for 60 seconds (CF60); air drying with a hair dryer for 30 seconds (HD30); air drying with a hair dryer for 60 seconds (HD60). Ceramic specimens were bon-ded with dual cure resin cement (Multilink N; Ivoclar Vivadent) using a split Teflon mold with a diameter of 2.5 mm. Force was applied to the specimens with a 1 mm/min speed using a chisel-shaped applicator tip until failure occur-red. The results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test within the 95% confidence interval. Results: There was a significant difference among the mean bond strength values of the groups (P0.05).Conclusions: Drying the primer with ceramic furnace or the hair dryer for 60 seconds significantly enhanced the bonding strength between the leucite-reinforced glass ceramic and resin cement

Surgical and Prosthetic Management of a Juvenile Ossifying Fibroma In a 5-Year-Old Child: A Clinical Report

Juvenile ossifying fibroma (JOF) is a rare and benign fibro-osseous lesion of the craniofacial skeleton commonly seen in children under 15 years of age. Despite being classified as benign, JOF lesions are aggressive in nature and reach large dimensions in a short period of time. Thus, their resections may cause large orofacial defects which have serious detrimental effects on the functional and nutritional requirements of pediatric patients being in the period of growth. Therefore, its early diagnosis and proper surgical and prosthetic management are of vital importance for the survival of patients. However, no detailed reports in the literature describe the prosthetic management of large intraoral defects in pediatric patients under 10 years old

Assessment of Facial Depth in Skeletal Class III Cases with Mandibular Prognathism: A Cephalometric Study

Statement of the problem: In patients with mandibular prognathism and skeletal Class III malocclusion, there is a lack of data regarding the relati-onship between average facial depth and anterior facial height. Objective: This study aims to determine the average facial depth in pa-tients with mandibular-origin skeletal Class III malocclusion and to investigate the relationship between this measurement and anterior facial height. Materials and Methods: A total of 626 individuals with Class III malocc-lusion were included in the study (292 females, 335 males). On cephalometric radiographs of the participants, the pogonion (Po), nasion (N), Frankfort Hori-zontal plane (FH), condylion (Co), and menton (Me) points were marked. The anterior facial height of the patients was calculated, and all participants were divided into three groups: long, average, and short. The distance where Co and N intersected the FH was defined as the 'facial depth distance' (Co-N). Finally, the ratio of the facial depth distance (Co-N) to the anterior facial height (N-Me) was calculated. Results: A significant difference was observed in the mean ratio of Co'-N' to N-Me between long-faced individuals and short-faced individuals (P < 0.05). The ratio of the facial depth distance (Co'-N') to the anterior facial height (N-Me) was found to be 69% ± 5. This ratio was determined to be 68% ± 4 in long-faced individuals, 69% ± 4 in average-faced individuals, and 72% ± 5 in short-faced individuals. Conclusions: The ratio between Co-N and N-Me may provide a new perspective in the evaluation of mandibular-origin Class III malocclusions

COVID-19 and Oral and Maxillofacial Imaging and COVID-19 Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology

Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology (OMFR) Clinics, private or at Dental Schools, represent a potential environment for transmission and cross-infec-tion of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). During OMFR procedures, such as intra- or extraoral imaging examinations, cone-beam computed tomogra-phy, and ultrasonography, the dental staff is in direct contact with patients, increasing the risk of disease transmission. Thus, new biosafety protocols had to be adopted. Due to the high transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 highly restric-tive measures were imposed, and social distance was the main one. In this scenario, teleradiology was encouraged to reduce contamination and protect radiologists, and dental schools had to take strict precautions in their tradi-tional educational system. Considering recent literature regarding OMFR and COVID-19, this review provides substantial data about the new precautions of biosafety, teleradiology, and the impact on OMFR teaching