Consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of adults with growth hormone deficiency: Summary statement of the growth hormone research society workshop on adult growth hormone deficiency

Based on the increasing body of evidence that adults with GH deficiency (somatotropin deficiency) have impaired health that improves with GH replacement, many countries have already approved the use of GH for replacement therapy in adults with GH deficiency. To ensure that patients are appropriately identified and treated, the Growth Hormone Research Society (GRS) convened a workshop on April 14–17, 1997, in Port Stephens, Australia, to formulate consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of adults with GH deficiency. The GRS invited scientists with expertise in the field, representatives from industry involved in the manufacture of recombinant human GH, and representatives from health authorities from a number of countries to attend the workshop, all of whom contributed to the consensus guidelines as detailed below

Consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of growth hormone (GH) deficiency in childhood and adolescence: Summary statement of the GH research society

The diagnosis and treatment of GH deficiency (GHD) during childhood and adolescence have been the subject of much controversy (1–3). To insure that patients are appropriately identified and treated, the GH Research Society (GRS) convened a workshop, on October 17–21 1999, in Eilat, Israel. The objectives of this workshop were to formulate consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of children and adolescents with GHD. The GRS invited clinicians and scientists with expertise in the field, representatives from industries involved in the manufacturing of recombinant GH, and representatives from health authorities from a number of countries to attend the workshop. All of them contributed to the consensus guidelines as detailed below

The effects of environmental stress on the physiology of growth in rainbow trout, Salmo gairderi Richardson

There is little doubt that both mammalian and teleost growth hormones can accelerate growth and increase food conversion efficiency in all commonly-reared species of salmonid fish. In those vertebrates that have been closely studied (predominantly mammals), the pituitary hormone somatotropin (GH or growth hormone) is a prime determinant of somatic growth. The hormone stimulates protein biosynthesis and tissue growth, enhances lipid utilization and lipid release from the adipose tissues (a protein-sparing effect) and suppresses the peripheral utilization of glucose. The present study is a prerequisite for future work on growth hormone physiology in salmonids and should contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms of growth suppression in stressed fish. Plasma growth hormone (GH) levels were measured in rainbow trout using a radioimmunoassay developed against chinook salmon growth hormone

A control system formulation of the mechanism that controls the secretions of serum group hormone in humans during sleep

Plasma growth hormone concentrations during sleep were determined experimentally. An elevated level of plasma growth hormone was observed during the initial phase of sleep and remained elevated for approximately 3 hr before returning to the steady-state level. Moreover, subsequent to a prolonged interruption of sleep, of the order of 2-3 hr, an elevated level of plasma growth hormone was again observed during the initial phase of resumed sleep. A control system formulation of the mechanism that controls the secretions of serum growth hormone in humans was used to account for the growth hormone responses observed

Growth hormone deficiency during young adulthood and the benefits of growth hormone replacement

Until quite recently, the management of children with growth hormone deficiency (GHD) had focussed on the use of recombinant human GH (rhGH) therapy to normalise final adult height. However, research over the past two decades that has demonstrated deficits in bone health and cardiac function, as well as impaired quality of life in adults with childhood-onset GHD (CO-GHD), has questioned this practice. Some of these studies suggested that there may be short-term benefits of rhGH in certain group of adolescents with GHD during transition, although the impact of GHD and replacement during the transition period has not been adequately investigated and its long-term benefits remain unclear. GH therapy remains expensive and well-designed long-term studies are needed to determine the cost effectiveness and clinical benefit of ongoing rhGH during transition and further into adulthood. In the absence of compelling data to justify widespread continuation of rhGH into adult life, there are several questions related to its use that remain unanswered. This paper reviews the effects of growth hormone deficiency on bone health, cardiovascular function, metabolic profile and quality of life during transition and young adulthood

Enrichment of Recombinant Growth Hormone in Diet Containing Different Levels of Protein Enhanced Growth and Meat Quality of Striped Catfish (Pangasionodon Hypophthalmus)

Application of fish recombinant growth hormone (frGH) has been known as one of the applicable method to improve growth performance of culture fish.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of recombinant growth hormone (rGH) supplementation in commercial diet on growth, feed utilization and flesh quality in striped catfish grow out. The rGH was mixed with chicken egg yolk and sprayed on commercial feed with different protein levels (32, 28 and 23%). As control the diets were sprayed with chicken egg yolk without rGH. Striped catfish (body weight: 110,66 ± 1,32 g ind-1) were fed on rGH-supplemented diets two times a week ( first and third months), and the rest was on diet without rGH supplementation. Fish were reared for 120 days in 18 hapa (2×1×1,5 m3) with initial density of 20 fish. The result showed that the highest weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR), and lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) were obtained in fish fed on 32% protein content of rGH-supplemented diet. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in weight gain, SGR and FCR in rGH treatment group with 28% protein content of rGH supplemented diet and non-rGH control group receiving 32% protein diet (P>0.05). Similar moisture content of meat, protein content of meat, belly fat and edible portion were observed in rGH-supplemented diet and their control. Except in treatment 23% protein content rGH supplemented diet has lower lipid content in fish body and meat were found (P<0.05). It can be concluded that the highest SGR is obtained when fish fed 32% with protein feed combined with rElGH. Enrichment with rElGH depleted the fat content in meat of fish feed all levels of protein which was the lowest fat found in 23% protein feed

Effects of microgravity on growth hormone concentration and distribution in plants

On earth, gravity affects the distribution of the plant growth hormone, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), in a manner such that the plant grows into a normal vertical orientation (shoots up, roots down). How the plant controls the amount and distribution of IAA is only partially understood and is currently under investigation in this laboratory. The question to be answered in the flight experiment concerns the effect of gravity on the concentration, turn over, and distribution of the growth hormone. The answer to this question will aid in understanding the mechanism by which plants control the amount and distribution of growth hormone. Such knowledge of a plant's hormonal metabolism may aid in the growth of plants in space and will lead to agronomic advances