Designing theoretically-informed implementation interventions.

Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Ontario Ministry of Healt

Effectiveness of 3D Geoelectrical Resistivity Imaging using Parallel 2D Profiles

Acquisition geometry for 3D geoelectrical resistivity imaging in which apparent resistivity data of a set of parallel 2D profiles are collated to 3D dataset was evaluated. A set of parallel 2D apparent resistivity data was generated over two model structures. The models, horst and trough, simulate the geological environment of a weathered profile and refuse dump site in a crystalline basement complex respectively. The apparent resistivity data were generated for Wenner–alpha, Wenner–beta, Wenner–Schlumberger, dipole–dipole, pole–dipole and pole–pole arrays with minimum electrode separation, a (a = 2, 4, 5 and 10 m) and inter-line spacing, L (L = a, 2a, 2.5a, 4a, 5a and 10a). The 2D apparent resistivity data for each of the arrays were collated to 3D dataset and inverted using a full 3D inversion code. The 3D imaging capability and resolution of the arrays for the set of parallel 2D profiles are presented. Grid orientation effects are observed in the inversion images produced. Inter-line spacing of not greater than four times the minimum electrode separation gives reasonable inverse models. The resolution of the inverse models can be greatly improved if the 3D dataset is built by collating sets of orthogonal 2D profile

Effectiveness of Ergonomic Chair Against Musculoskeletal Disorders in Female Batik Workers of Sragen District

The majority of female batik workers uses non-ergonomic chairs (dingklik) that pose risks of musculoskeletal disorders. This study aimed to design an ergonomic chair and evaluate its effectiveness in reducing musculoskeletal disorders among the workers. This is a quasi-experimental study (using one group pre and post-test design) on 50 female batik workers selected by quota sampling. Musculoskeletal disorders were measured among the samples before and after the use of the designed ergonomic chair which they were asked to use for two months. T-test, ANCOVA, Wilcoxon test, McNemar test and Chi Square test were used for the analysis. The study found statistical significant differences of risk factor against musculoskeletal disorders among the workers before and after their use of the designed ergonomic chair (p=0.000); and of musculoskeletal disorders before and after using the ergonomic chair (p= 0,035). Body Mass Index (BMI) was identified as a confounding factor, and statistical significant difference of musculoskeletal disorders were also found among the workers with <25 and >25 BMI even before and after using the ergonomic chair (p=0.033 and p=0.015 respectively). By ANCOVA statistical test, after controlling BMI, another statistical difference of musculoskeletal disorders was also identified before and after using the ergonomic chair (p=0.033). It is concluded that the designed ergonomic chair is effective to reduce the risk of musculoskeletal disorders

Thrust effectiveness of micronozzle

This paper was presented at the 3rd Micro and Nano Flows Conference (MNF2011), which was held at the Makedonia Palace Hotel, Thessaloniki in Greece. The conference was organised by Brunel University and supported by the Italian Union of Thermofluiddynamics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University of Thessaly, IPEM, the Process Intensification Network, the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, the Heat Transfer Society, HEXAG - the Heat Exchange Action Group, and the Energy Institute.Thrust of the divergent part of axially symmetric micronozzle is under the study. It’s input to total thrust is considered by means of analysis of relative thrust determined as divergent part’s thrust related to nozzle’s thrust without divergent part when gas issuing into vacuum. An inviscid one-dimensional flow is used as start condition of analysis. For this case, it is shown from conservation laws that divergent part of infinite length has finite relative thrust depending only on sort of issuing gas. Analysis of the influence of shear stress on thrust of divergent part with the use of theory of laminar boundary layer shows that optimal nozzle wall angle at the exit increases and optimal length decreases with decreasing of nozzle’s dimension in comparison with initial inviscid case. This conclusion is approved by results of numerical simulation of flow inside nozzles with throat diameter 10 micrometers and various form of divergent part based on Navier – Stokes equations with both no-slip and slip wall conditions. Detailed analysis of flow shows advantage of micronozzles with wall form far from traditionally used in “large” thrusters.This study is partially supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Project 11-08-00422-а)

The Effectiveness of Teacher Feedback Technique Toward Students Writing Ability (an Experimental Study at SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Metro)

The objective of this research are to examine whether: 1) there is a different between teacher feedback technique and conventional technique toward students\u27 writing ability at the first grade students of SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Metro and 2) the effectiveness of Teacher Feedback Technique toward students\u27 writing ability. This method applied in this research was a quasi experimental research. It was conducted at the first grade students of SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Metro. It consists of 90 students in three Classes. The sample of the research were two classes. Sampel penelitian ini adalah kelas X1 dan X2 yang dipilih menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling. The data were analyzed by using T-Test with Minitab Version 16 and Normalized Gain Test. Based on the result of data analysis, there are some research findings that can be drawn. They are; 1) there is a different between students\u27 writing ability tough by using teacher feedback and conventional technique to the students of SMA Muhammadiyah Metro. Teacher feedback technique is more effective than conventional technique toward students writing ability. 2) the level of effectiveness of Teacher Feedback Technique is 0.32 (medium) and Conventional technique is 0.17 (low)

The Effectiveness of Content-based Instruction to Teach Speaking Viewed From Students' Creativity

The objectives of the research are to examine: (1) whether Content-Based Instruction is more effective than Audio-Lingual Method to teach speaking to the third semester students of STAIN Jurai Siwo Metro in the academic year of 2012/2013; (2) whether the students having high creativity have better speaking skill than those having low creativity; and (3) whether there is an interaction between teaching methods and students' creativity in teaching speaking. The method in this research was experimental study. It was conducted at the third semester students of STAIN Jurai Siwo Metro in the academic year of 2012/2013. The sample of the research was two classes; C consists of 40 students as an experimental class and E consists of 40 students as a control class. The sampling technique used was cluster random sampling. Each class was divided into two groups (the students having high and low creativity). The techniques of collecting data were creativity test and speaking test that were tried out to know their readability. The data were analyzed by using Multifactor Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test of 2 x 2 and Tukey test.The result of data analysis shows that: (1) Content-Based Instruction is more effective than Audio-Lingual Method to teach speaking (2) the students having high creativity have better speaking skill than the students having low creativity and (3) there is an interaction between teaching methods and students' creativity in teaching speaking. Based on the finding, it can be concluded that Content-Based Instruction is an effective method to teach speaking