Stakeholder orientation and organizational performance in an emerging market

There has been research that studies Chinese firms’ stakeholder orientation but fails to identify Chinese firms’ specific stakeholder groups. In addition, little research in this line has been conducted so far to reflect recent Chinese constitutional transition. This study seeks to fill these gaps. It extends previous studies assuming that a fixed set of stakeholders is suitable for firms in different countries context, and identifies Chinese firms’ key stakeholder groups by adopting the descriptive approach of stakeholder theory. Based on this identification, the authors further examine how these stakeholder orientations influence organizational performance and how they interact. Interviews with managers from 107 firms show that customer, employee, shareholder, supplier, and competitors are perceived as Chinese firms’ most important stakeholders; empirical studies using data collected from 307 Chinese firms reveal that orientations towards these stakeholders enhance organizational performance. Moreover, there are synergy effects existing among customer orientation, supplier orientation, and competitor orientation, and between customer orientation and competitor orientation, while shareholder orientation has significant hindering effects upon competitor orientation as a reflection of recent institutional changes taking place in China

A Case Study of an Urban Elementary School Chinese Language and Culture Program at the Boston Renaissance Charter Public Schools (BRCPS)

Very few urban elementary African American and Hispanic students have access to foreign language programs. Thus, students of color have historically been under-represented in foreign language study. At the same time, urban elementary foreign language programs for economically disadvantaged African American and Hispanic students might level the playing field for these students and help prepare them to participate more fully in a global economy and community in the future. The present case study is based on a mixed methods approach using logic model and overlapping spheres of influence theory to examine the impact of the Boston Renaissance Charter Public School (BRCPS) Chinese language and culture program on its stakeholders (students, parents, school teachers, administrators, and board members). A sequential explanatory strategy is used to investigate stakeholders\u27 perceptions and attitudes toward the BRCPS Chinese language and culture program. It further reveals discrepancies between the stakeholders\u27 perceptions/attitudes and their racial backgrounds, working length of time and involvement with BRCPS, SES (Socioeconomic Status), grade connection, and gender. It also identifies the factors that influence BRCPS students\u27 motivation and interest in learning Chinese. This study, therefore, finds out that the majority of the BRCPS stakeholders are satisfied with BRCPS Chinese language and culture program. The biggest challenge identified is Chinese teachers\u27 lack of classroom control and the difficulty in maintaining positive student discipline in Chinese class. Stakeholders suggest Chinese language should be taught as a core curriculum rather than as a specialist subject. They also suggest that all the stakeholders should work together to value Chinese learning

Competition Law Enforcement in China: Between Technocracy and Industrial Policy

The article provides a rare reconstruction of a number of early cases decided under the Chinese Anti-Monopoly Law. In particular, the article seeks to go behind the published decisions of the responsible authorities, to reconstruct their decision-making process in particular by identifying the sources of consultation and the arguments that various stakeholders presented to the authorities about what course of action to follow

Environmental and social risks of Chinese official development finance in Africa: The case of the Lamu Port project, Kenya

Unlike traditional donor countries, China has not established compulsory environmental and social risk (ESR) mitigation mechanisms for its Official Development Finance (ODF) projects. This article seeks to examine the various stakeholders’ relations concerning the ESR induced by Chinese ODF-funded projects with a case study in Kenya. Much of the current research has not analyzed stakeholders of Chinese ODF-funded projects in Africa, especially the local communities. This paper looks at the Lamu Port project, a major infrastructure project in Kenya, to understand the perceptions of various stakeholders – the Chinese government, the Kenyan government, Chinese companies, media, NGOs, researchers, and most importantly the local communities – on the ESR of this particular Chinese ODF-funded project, and examines their relations so as to explore whether there is consensus on who should mitigate the ESR. Understanding these factors is critical for taking action to mitigate ESR resulting from the growing number of Chinese ODF-funded projects.Keywords: China; Africa; Official development finance; Environmental and social risk mitigatio

Chinese professionals: Negotiations with Portuguese stakeholders

With the increasingly closer trade and cultural exchanges between China and Portugal, more and more Chinese companies and investors have entered the Portuguese market in recent years. Chinese companies and workers in the Portuguese market need to face conflicts with Portuguese stakeholders in their work, so it is very important to master appropriate negotiation methods to resolve conflicts and improve stakeholder management. The purpose of this paper is to provide an experienced framework for Chinese companies and professionals in Portugal so as to use negotiation for resolving conflicts in their work, avoiding cultural conflicts and improving the management of relevant Portuguese stakeholders. This study is based on literature review work and also on a semi-structured interview of ten Chinese leaders and employees who hold high positions in their companies and run businesses in Portugal. This interview-based research aims to respond to five main questions, and the results of the questions can be concluded in order to draw an experienced framework of negotiation for Chinese professionals to handle the conflicts with Portuguese stakeholders and improve their management. Although there are also some limitations to this research, due to the current situation in Portugal, this thesis will contribute to establish a bridge for Chinese companies and professionals who want to enter the Portuguese market.Com as trocas comerciais e culturais mais próximas entre China e Portugal, cada vez mais empresas e investidores chineses entraram no mercado português nos últimos anos. As empresas e trabalhadores chineses no mercado português precisam de enfrentar conflitos com os stakeholders portugueses no seu trabalho, por isso é muito importante dominar os métodos de negociação apropriados para resolver conflitos e melhorar a gestão dos stakeholders. O objetivo deste artigo é fornecer uma estrutura experiente para empresas e profissionais chineses em Portugal usarem a negociação para resolver conflitos no seu trabalho, evitar conflitos culturais e melhorar a gestão dos stakeholders portugueses relevantes. Este estudo baseia-se num trabalho de revisão de literatura e também numa pesquisa desenvolvida via uma entrevista semiestruturada a dez líderes e funcionários chineses que ocupam uma posição de destaque nas suas empresas com negócios em Portugal. As entrevistas tiveram como objetivo responder a cinco questões principais, e os resultados das perguntas podem ser concluídos para traçar uma estrutura de negociação experiente para profissionais chineses lidarem com os conflitos com os stakeholders portugueses e melhorar a sua gestão. Embora também existam algumas limitações para esta pesquisa, quanto à situação atual em Portugal, esta tese contribuirá para estabelecer uma ponte para empresas e profissionais chineses que desejem entrar no mercado português

Validation of scales for researching stakeholders’ attitudes toward domestic violence in China

Domestic violence (DV) is a significant concern within China. Currently, there are few standardized measurement tools to gauge Chinese stakeholders’ perceptions and beliefs concerning DV. This research sought to validate tools to be used with such stakeholders. Factor analyses were utilized on cross-sectional, survey data from a purposive sample of 683 Chinese DV professionals working in four institutions in Guangdong. Analyses developed three scales for measuring DV Definitions, DV Attitudes, and DV Policing. The development of these scales is beneficial to advance the already growing research related to DV in China in ways that are relevant to the Chinese context

A new stakeholder management framework for EPCM Projects: Analysis of approaches used by Australian and Chinese Project Managers in Africa

This research develops a new stakeholder management framework based on best practices of Australian and Chinese approaches in Engineering, Procurement and Construction Management projects in Africa. Managing stakeholders in EPCM projects in Africa are characterised by two distinct management approaches that can be broadly classified as Australian and Chinese models. The research combines the best practices of both to develop a new framework that helps project managers managing stakeholders in EPCM projects in Africa

Is China Systematically Buying Up Key Technologies? Chinese M & A transactions in Germany in the context of “Made in China 2025”. Bertelsmann Stiftung GED Study 2018

“Made in China 2025” (MIC 2025) is the Chinese central government’s main industrial policy strategy aimed at turning China into the global leader of the fourth industrial revolution. Chinese M & A transactions abroad explicitly belong to the instruments for implementing MIC 2025. Germany is an attractive location for Chinese M & A transactions and offers tailor-made know-how for MIC 2025 due to its large number of “hidden champions”, i. e. technological world market leaders in highly specialized niches. 64 percent or 112 of the 175 analyzed Chinese M & A transactions with a share of at least ten percent in German companies between 2014 and 2017 percent can be assigned to one of the ten key sectors in which China aims to assume global technology leadership with the help of MIC 2025. On the one hand, there is a clear focus on the MIC 2025 sectors of “energy-saving and new-energy vehicles”, “electrical equipment” and “high-end numerical control machinery and robotics” – i. e. sectors in which Germany can in part demonstrate significant competitive technological advantages. Even before the introduction of MIC 2025 in 2015, however, these sectors were already a focus of interest for Chinese investors in Germany. On the other hand, key sectors that played little or no role for Chinese M & A transactions in Germany have also become increasingly important since the introduction of MIC 2025. This is particularly evident in the MIC 2025 sector of “biomedicine and high-performance medical devices”. The majority of the 112 Chinese M & A transactions (just under 60 percent) that are relevant for MIC 2025 are distributed across only three German states: Baden-Württemberg (26), North Rhine-Westphalia (22) and Bavaria (18) – the very regions in which the majority of the German “hidden champions” are located. State-owned investors make up 18 percent of the Chinese M & A transactions examined, and are therefore a minority. However, taking into account only the M & A transactions that can be assigned to the MIC 2025 sectors, their share rises to around 22 percent – a possible indication of state stakeholders’ greater interest in acquiring know-how abroad for the implementation of MIC 2025. However, the formal type of ownership of Chinese companies does not show the full picture of potential state influence due to the complex interplay between the state and companies in China. Therefore, the great challenge for Germany consists in the forms of state influence that are not or only insufficiently reflected in the majority ownership type of Chinese investors

An Investigation of the Moral Intentions of Chinese Auditors: Conflicts Associated with Maintaining Independence in Auditor–client Relationship Situations

This thesis attempts to construct a model to investigate Chinese auditor’s intentions and their ethical decision-making within audit-client context, based on Ajzen’s Theory of Planned Behavior and Kleinman and Palmon’s micro-level model. The differences in ethical decision-making between Chinese auditors with various backgrounds are also investigated. The findings can help stakeholders understand Chinese auditor’s ethical decision-making, and provide regulators with empirical evidence for adopting appropriate measures for enhancing Chinese auditor’s moral reasoning levels