One-Step Synthesis of Porous FeNiS_<i>x</i> Coupled with 1T/2H MoS₂ via Hydrazine Hydrate-Induced Phase Transformation for Hydrogen Evolution

Heterostructured catalysts with the potential synergies between the polymetallic sulfides and the construction of 1T-phase MoS2 are a promising alternative and contribute to obtain the enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance. Herein, the porous hybrid nanostructures coupling FeS2 and NiS complexes with 1T/2H phase MoS2 (FeNiSx@MoS2–HZHx) are prepared via a facile one-pot pyrolysis strategy accompanied by hydrazine hydrate (HZH)-induced phase transformation without the assistance of a template. The hybrid nanostructures possessing crystalline–amorphous (c–a) interface need overpotentials of 139 mV to achieve the current density of 10 mA cm–2 (η10) in 0.5 M H2SO4, which have superior kinetics for the HER process with a Tafel slope value of 57.9 mV dec–1. The 24 h continuous HER operated at η10 exhibits negligible deterioration, which has only a decrease of 3 mV at η10 after the 5000 cyclic voltammetry cycle tests, indicating the desirable stability of FeNiSx@MoS2–HZH2. Beyond that, the resultant FeNiSx@MoS2 requires 335 mV at η10. Specifically, the electrochemical and structural characterization prove that the enhanced HER performance is contributed from the incorporation of HZH to form FeS2/MoS2/NiS heterostructures and c–a interface sites coupling with 1T/2H phase MoS2, which provide more exposed active sites benefiting from the larger surface area. The simple and convenient design strategy has certain enlightenment for the development of sustainable energy production

Tough Graphene−Polymer Microcellular Foams for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding

Functional polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA)/graphene nanocomposite microcellular foams were prepared by blending of PMMA with graphene sheets followed by foaming with subcritical CO2 as an environmentally benign foaming agent. The addition of graphene sheets endows the insulating PMMA foams with high electrical conductivity and improved electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding efficiency with microwave absorption as the dominant EMI shielding mechanism. Interestingly, because of the presence of the numerous microcellular cells, the graphene−PMMA foam exhibits greatly improved ductility and tensile toughness compared to its bulk counterpart. This work provides a promising methodology to fabricate tough and lightweight graphene−PMMA nanocomposite microcellular foams with superior electrical and EMI shielding properties by simultaneously combining the functionality and reinforcement of the graphene sheets and the toughening effect of the microcellular cells

Table_1_CAPN8 involves with exhausted, inflamed, and desert immune microenvironment to influence the metastasis of thyroid cancer.xlsx

BackgroundThyroid cancer (THCA) is the most prevalent malignant disease of the endocrine system, in which 5-year survival can attain about 95%, but patients with metastasis have a poor prognosis. Very little is known about the role of CAPN8 in the metastasis of THCA. In particular, the effect of CAPN8 on the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and immunotherapy response is unclear.Material and methodsMultiome datasets and multiple cohorts were acquired for analysis. Firstly, the expression and the prognostic value of CAPN8 were explored in public datasets and in vitro tumor tissues. Then, hierarchical clustering analysis was performed to identify the immune subtypes of THCA according to the expression of CAPN8 and the activities of related pathways. Subsequent analyses explored the different patterns of TIME, genetic alteration, DNA replication stress, drug sensitivity, and immunotherapy response among the three immune phenotypes. Finally, five individual cohorts of thyroid cancer were utilized to test the robustness and extrapolation of the three immune clusters.ResultsCAPN8 was found to be a significant risk factor for THCA with a markedly elevated level of mRNA and protein in tumor tissues. This potential oncogene could induce the activation of epithelial–mesenchymal transition and E2F-targeted pathways. Three subtypes were identified for THCA, including immune exhausted, inflamed, and immune desert phenotypes. The exhausted type was characterized by a markedly increased expression of inhibitory receptors and infiltration of immune cells but was much more likely to respond to immunotherapy. The immune desert type was resistant to common chemotherapeutics with extensive genomic mutation and copy number variance.ConclusionThe present study firstly explored the role of CAPN8 in the metastasis of THCA from the aspects of TIME. Three immune subtypes were identified with quite different patterns of prognosis, immunotherapy response, and drug sensitivity, providing novel insights for the treatment of THCA and helping understand the cross-talk between CAPN8 and tumor immune microenvironment.</p

Table_3_CAPN8 involves with exhausted, inflamed, and desert immune microenvironment to influence the metastasis of thyroid cancer.docx

BackgroundThyroid cancer (THCA) is the most prevalent malignant disease of the endocrine system, in which 5-year survival can attain about 95%, but patients with metastasis have a poor prognosis. Very little is known about the role of CAPN8 in the metastasis of THCA. In particular, the effect of CAPN8 on the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and immunotherapy response is unclear.Material and methodsMultiome datasets and multiple cohorts were acquired for analysis. Firstly, the expression and the prognostic value of CAPN8 were explored in public datasets and in vitro tumor tissues. Then, hierarchical clustering analysis was performed to identify the immune subtypes of THCA according to the expression of CAPN8 and the activities of related pathways. Subsequent analyses explored the different patterns of TIME, genetic alteration, DNA replication stress, drug sensitivity, and immunotherapy response among the three immune phenotypes. Finally, five individual cohorts of thyroid cancer were utilized to test the robustness and extrapolation of the three immune clusters.ResultsCAPN8 was found to be a significant risk factor for THCA with a markedly elevated level of mRNA and protein in tumor tissues. This potential oncogene could induce the activation of epithelial–mesenchymal transition and E2F-targeted pathways. Three subtypes were identified for THCA, including immune exhausted, inflamed, and immune desert phenotypes. The exhausted type was characterized by a markedly increased expression of inhibitory receptors and infiltration of immune cells but was much more likely to respond to immunotherapy. The immune desert type was resistant to common chemotherapeutics with extensive genomic mutation and copy number variance.ConclusionThe present study firstly explored the role of CAPN8 in the metastasis of THCA from the aspects of TIME. Three immune subtypes were identified with quite different patterns of prognosis, immunotherapy response, and drug sensitivity, providing novel insights for the treatment of THCA and helping understand the cross-talk between CAPN8 and tumor immune microenvironment.</p

Table_2_CAPN8 involves with exhausted, inflamed, and desert immune microenvironment to influence the metastasis of thyroid cancer.xlsx

BackgroundThyroid cancer (THCA) is the most prevalent malignant disease of the endocrine system, in which 5-year survival can attain about 95%, but patients with metastasis have a poor prognosis. Very little is known about the role of CAPN8 in the metastasis of THCA. In particular, the effect of CAPN8 on the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and immunotherapy response is unclear.Material and methodsMultiome datasets and multiple cohorts were acquired for analysis. Firstly, the expression and the prognostic value of CAPN8 were explored in public datasets and in vitro tumor tissues. Then, hierarchical clustering analysis was performed to identify the immune subtypes of THCA according to the expression of CAPN8 and the activities of related pathways. Subsequent analyses explored the different patterns of TIME, genetic alteration, DNA replication stress, drug sensitivity, and immunotherapy response among the three immune phenotypes. Finally, five individual cohorts of thyroid cancer were utilized to test the robustness and extrapolation of the three immune clusters.ResultsCAPN8 was found to be a significant risk factor for THCA with a markedly elevated level of mRNA and protein in tumor tissues. This potential oncogene could induce the activation of epithelial–mesenchymal transition and E2F-targeted pathways. Three subtypes were identified for THCA, including immune exhausted, inflamed, and immune desert phenotypes. The exhausted type was characterized by a markedly increased expression of inhibitory receptors and infiltration of immune cells but was much more likely to respond to immunotherapy. The immune desert type was resistant to common chemotherapeutics with extensive genomic mutation and copy number variance.ConclusionThe present study firstly explored the role of CAPN8 in the metastasis of THCA from the aspects of TIME. Three immune subtypes were identified with quite different patterns of prognosis, immunotherapy response, and drug sensitivity, providing novel insights for the treatment of THCA and helping understand the cross-talk between CAPN8 and tumor immune microenvironment.</p

Image_1_CAPN8 involves with exhausted, inflamed, and desert immune microenvironment to influence the metastasis of thyroid cancer.jpeg

BackgroundThyroid cancer (THCA) is the most prevalent malignant disease of the endocrine system, in which 5-year survival can attain about 95%, but patients with metastasis have a poor prognosis. Very little is known about the role of CAPN8 in the metastasis of THCA. In particular, the effect of CAPN8 on the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and immunotherapy response is unclear.Material and methodsMultiome datasets and multiple cohorts were acquired for analysis. Firstly, the expression and the prognostic value of CAPN8 were explored in public datasets and in vitro tumor tissues. Then, hierarchical clustering analysis was performed to identify the immune subtypes of THCA according to the expression of CAPN8 and the activities of related pathways. Subsequent analyses explored the different patterns of TIME, genetic alteration, DNA replication stress, drug sensitivity, and immunotherapy response among the three immune phenotypes. Finally, five individual cohorts of thyroid cancer were utilized to test the robustness and extrapolation of the three immune clusters.ResultsCAPN8 was found to be a significant risk factor for THCA with a markedly elevated level of mRNA and protein in tumor tissues. This potential oncogene could induce the activation of epithelial–mesenchymal transition and E2F-targeted pathways. Three subtypes were identified for THCA, including immune exhausted, inflamed, and immune desert phenotypes. The exhausted type was characterized by a markedly increased expression of inhibitory receptors and infiltration of immune cells but was much more likely to respond to immunotherapy. The immune desert type was resistant to common chemotherapeutics with extensive genomic mutation and copy number variance.ConclusionThe present study firstly explored the role of CAPN8 in the metastasis of THCA from the aspects of TIME. Three immune subtypes were identified with quite different patterns of prognosis, immunotherapy response, and drug sensitivity, providing novel insights for the treatment of THCA and helping understand the cross-talk between CAPN8 and tumor immune microenvironment.</p

Fluorescence Quenching and Highly Selective Adsorption of Ag⁺ Using N‑Doped Graphene Quantum Dots/Poly(vinyl alcohol) Composite Membrane

Fabrication of composite adsorbents with exceptional fluorescence performance has attracted increasing attention. In this study, a nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (NGQDs)/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite membrane (NGQDs-PVA) with high adsorption selectivity and fluorescence quenching for Ag+ was prepared via simple cross-linking. The SEM characterization showed that the NGQDs were uniformly distributed in PVA, indicating that the material exhibited fluorescence characteristics of quantum dots. C–O, −COOH, −NH2, and −OH functional groups in NGQDs-PVA complexed with a great amount of Ag+, and −NH– reduced a small amount of Ag+ to Ag0. The pseudo-first-order kinetic and Langmuir models were used to describe the adsorption process of heavy metals using the composite. The maximum adsorption capacity was 317.35 mg/g (Langmuir model fitting, pH = 4, T = 40 °C). When the fluorescence of NGQDs-PVA was quenched as the number of Ag+ adsorbed increased, the change in fluorescence intensity was used to qualitatively quantify the adsorption process