UHPLC-MS/MS for plasma lamotrigineanalysis and comparison with a homogenousenzyme immunoassay: supplementary data

Aims: To develop and validate a UHPLC-MS/MS method for lamotrigine (LTG) analysis in human plasmaand evaluate its agreement with a homogenous enzyme immunoassay (HEIA). Materials & methods: TheUHPLC-MS/MS method was developed and validated according to the USFDA/EMA guidelines. A Bland–Altman plot was used to evaluate the agreement between UHPLC-MS/MS and HEIA. Results: Samples werepretreated with one-step protein precipitation and separated in 2.6 min. The intra- and inter-day biasand imprecisions were -15.8 to 15.0% and less than 11.17%, respectively. The recovery and matrix factorwere 98.30 to 111.97%. The mean overestimation of UHPLC-MS/MS compared with HEIA was 21.57%.Conclusion: A rapid, sensitive and robust UHPLC-MS/MS method for plasma LTG analysis was developedand validated and was a 21.57% overestimation compared with HEIA.</p

Demographic and clinical characteristics of the patient cohort.

<p>Demographic and clinical characteristics of the patient cohort.</p

Comparison of NIH-CPSI symptom scores between patients with and without each UPOINTS domain.

<p>Mean total NIH-CPSI symptom scores were compared between patients with and without each urinary (U), psychosocial (P), organ specific (O), infection (I), neurological/systemic (N), tenderness (T), and sexual dysfunction (S) UPOINTS domain, respectively. Significant difference was seen in each domain between no and yes (*P<0.05).</p

Comparison of IIEF-5 scores between patients with and without each UPOINT domain.

<p>Mean IIEF-5 scores were compared between patients with and without each urinary (U), psychosocial (P), organ specific (O), infection (I), neurological/systemic (N), and tenderness (T) UPOINT domain. Significant difference was seen in psychosocial, organ specific, and tenderness domains between no and yes (*P<0.05).</p

Versatile Cutting Method for Producing Fluorescent Ultrasmall MXene Sheets

As a recently created inorganic nanosheet material, MXene has received growing attention and has become a hotspot of intensive research. The efficient morphology control of this class of material could bring enormous possibilities for creating marvelous properties and functions; however, this type of research is very scarce. In this work, we demonstrate a general and mild approach for creating ultrasmall MXenes by simultaneous intralayer cutting and interlayer delamination. Taking the most commonly studied Ti₃C₂ as an illustrative example, the resulting product possessed monolayer thickness with a lateral dimension of 2–8 nm and exhibited bright and tunable fluorescence. Further, the method could also be employed to synthesize ultrasmall sheets of other MXene phases, for example, Nb₂C or Ti₂C. Importantly, although the strong covalent M–C bond was to some extent broken, all of the characterizations suggested that the chemical structure was composed of well-maintained host layers without observation of any serious damages, demonstrating the superior reaction efficiencies and safeties of our methods. This work may provide a facile and general approach to modulate various nanoscale materials and could further stimulate the vast applications of MXene materials in many optical-related fields

A new method for monitoring coal stress while drilling process: theoretical and experimental study

Real-time acquisition of coal stress is the key to early warning and prevention of rock burst. In the drilling process, drilling parameters will change correspondingly with the change of coal stress. This paper, according to the bit drilling coal link, establishes a theoretical model of drilling in order to verify the reliability of the theoretical model of specific work of drilling crushing, use the self-developed drilling measurement experimental device, and develop the drilling tests on raw coal samples under different lateral stresses. Meanwhile, we study the variation law of drilling parameters with coal stress and reveal the energy conversion mechanism of drilling machine energy to drilling chip surface energy. Through parameter analysis of the theoretical model, it is found that the drilling pressure, torque, and rotation speed increase with increasing coal stress, while the drilling speed decreases with increasing coal stress. The drilling test results show that the particle size of drilling cuttings is approximately normally distributed, the surface energy of drilling cuttings, the mechanical energy of drilling rig, and the amount of drilling cuttings all increase with increasing stress. The mechanical energy of drilling rig is mainly converted into surface energy of drilling cuttings in the process of raw coal drilling. In addition, 8.56–33.12% of the mechanical energy is converted into other energy, with the maximum deviation of 21.50% between the coal stress of the drilling test and the theoretical model of fracture drilling. The research results show that most of the deviation percentages were basically around 10% except for a few deviation percentages, which shows that theoretical model can predict the coal stress through drilling parameters, coal rock properties, and bit parameters. The new method proposed in this paper is of great significance for obtaining the stress distribution state of coal in real time and detecting the stress concentration area of coal.</p

Developing Polymer Cathode Material for the Chloride Ion Battery

The chloride ion battery is an attractive rechargeable battery owing to its high theoretical energy density and sustainable components. An important challenge for research and development of chloride ion batteries lies in the innovation of the cathode materials. Here we report a nanostructured chloride ion-doped polymer, polypyrrole chloride, as a new type of potential cathode material for the chloride ion battery. The as-prepared polypyrrole chloride@carbon nanotubes (PPyCl@CNTs) cathode shows a high reversible capacity of 118 mAh g^–1 and superior cycling stability. Reversible electrochemical reactions of the PPyCl@CNTs cathode based on the redox reactions of nitrogen species and chloride ion transfer are demonstrated. Our work may guide and offer electrode design principles for accelerating the development of rechargeable batteries with anion transfer

Table_1_Real-world national trends and socio-economic factors preference of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in China.docx

BackgroundsRobust evidence have demonstrated the beneficial effect of Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) in T2D patients with cardiovascular diseases and chronic kidney disease. Multiple studies analyzed patterns and predictors of SGLT2i and GLP-1RA in the US, Europe and worldwide. However, there is no study about the utilization of these two classes of drugs in real-world in China.MethodA total of 181743 prescriptions of SGLT2i and 59720 GLP-1RA were retrospectively pooled from Hospital Prescription Analysis Cooperation Project from 2018 to 2021. The social-economic characteristics of patients and prescribers, including age, gender, residency, hospital level, insurance type, department visited, and payment amount, were collected and analyzed to study trends and risk factors associated with preference among two antidiabetics.ResultsAnnual number of prescriptions of SGLT2i significantly increased to approximately 140 folds, while GLP-1RA increased to about 6.5 folds. After adjustment for socio-economic information, several patients or physician characteristics were positively associated with the preference of GLP-1RA, including female gender (OR 1.581, 95% CI 1.528-1.635), residents in second-tier cities (OR 1.194, 95% CI 1.148-1.142), visiting primary or secondary hospital level (OR 2.387, 95% CI 2.268-2.512); while other factors were associated with the preference of SGLT2i, including older adults (OR 0.713, 95% CI 0.688-0.739), uncovered by insurance (OR 0.310, 95% CI 0.293-0.329), visiting other departments compared with endocrinology. In addition, the share of SGLT2i and GLP-1RA was low but in an increasing tendency.ConclusionsSGLT2i and GLP-1RA prescription significantly increased from 2018 to 2021. The socio-economic risk factors in choosing SGLT2i or GLP-1RA highlight an effort required to reduce disparities and improve health outcomes.</p

MDS-MSC inhibit T-lymphocyte proliferation.

<p>Irradiated (15 Gy) MDS-MSC or normal-MSC were cultured for 5 days with CD2+ T-lymphocyte in the presence of PHA, then assessed by [3H]-thymidine incorporation. Data are expressed as mean±SD of triplicates of 5 separate experiments. *P≤0.05.</p

MDS-MSC induce CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Tregs.

<p>(A) CD4+CD25-T cells were cultured with MDS-MSC or normal-MSC for 5 days, and CD4+ T cells were collected. The expression of CD25 and Foxp3 on CD4+ T cells was analyzed by FACS. Results are expressed as mean±SD of triplicates of 4 separate experiments. *P≤0.05. (B) CD4+T cells were cocultured with MDS-MSC generated CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Tregs or normal-MSC generated CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Tregs in the presence of PHA, and the T-lymphocyte proliferation was measured on day 5 by [3H]-thymidine incorporation. Results are expressed as mean±SD of triplicates of 4 separate experiments. *P≤0.05. (C) MDS-MSC generated CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Tregs or normal-MSC generated CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Tregs inhibited the response of allogeneic T-lymphocyte in a dose-dependent manner. Responder CD2+ T-lymphocyte were stimulated with PHA for 5 days with or without graded dosed of MDS-MSC generated CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Tregs or normal-MSC generated CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Tregs. Results are expressed as mean±SD of triplicates of 4 separate experiments. *p≤0.05. (D) CD4+CD25-T cells were cultured with high-risk MDS-MSC or low-risk MDS-MSC for 5 days, and CD4+ T cells were collected. The expression of CD25 and Foxp3 on CD4+ T cells was analyzed by FACS. Results are expressed as mean±SD of triplicates of 4 separate experiments. *P≤0.05.</p