Motivation Of Tourists’ Towards Malaysian Homestay

Pembangunan homestay di Malaysia telah menjadi agenda yang penting di Kementerian Pelancongan Malaysia kerana ia mempunyai kesan positif ke arah sosial ekonomi masyarakat luar bandar Homestay development in Malaysia has become one of the most importance agenda in the Ministry of Tourism Malaysia because it has sustainability impact towards the social-economic of rural community in Malaysia

Investment in Pakistan: A Critical Review

The paper critically evaluates investment climate in Pakistan. It covers incentives given by the government to domestic and foreign investors. Special emphasis is placed on identifying the barriers that discourage investment in Pakistan. Major impediments include high doing business cost, political instability, corruption, government bureaucracy, inconsistent government policies, and poor law and order situation. The paper also highlights some international best practice solutions to encourage investment in the country. Pakistan should attach short-term priority to attracting investment to foreign exchange earning sector or at least both the foreign exchange earning sector and other sectors simultaneously.Growth, Foreign Investment, Portfolio Investment

PEMODELAN DAN SIMULASI MICRORING RESONATOR DENGAN VARIASI KOPLING SEBAGAI SENSOR OPTIK DAN PERANGKAT TELEKOMUNIKASI

Untuk memperluas dan menghasilkan kualitas sensor yang baik dari Microring Resonator salah satu objek yang dapat divariasikan ialah kopling dalam devais Microring Resonator. Variasi kopling yang gunakan 0.25, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7. untuk luas sensing dapat dilihat pada FSR (Free Spectral Range) dan kualitas sensor dapat dilihat pada FWHM (full width half maksimum) sebagai parameter sensor dan perangkat telekomunikasi. FSR tidak dipengaruhi oleh kopling hanya dipengaruhi oleh jari-jari dan panjang gelombang. Dengan panjang gelombang yang digunakan 1300 dan 1350. FSR terbesar didapat pada nilai 1350. Kualitas sensor yang kita lihat pada FWHM. FWHM terbesar didapat pada 1350 (panjang gelombang) dan 0.7 lebar koplingnya.;---In order to improve the performace of microring resonator, the object that can be varied is the coupler in the microring resonator device. The values of the coupler that varied is 0.25, 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7 in nanometer. For the sensing range of the device can be observed in the FSR (Free Spectral Range) and the sensor quality can be observed in FWHM (full width half maximum) as the sensor's parameter and communication device. The FSR was not affected by the coupler but by the radius and the wavelength. In this paper the wavelength that is used are 1300 and 1350. The highest FSR obtained at the 1350 wavelength. The sensor quality is at best when the coupler is 0.7 nm with 1350 wavelength

Democratic Institutions and Variability of Economic Growth in Pakistan: Some Evidence from the Time-series Analysis

This paper explores the empirical association between democracy and per capita output growth in Pakistan using data for the period 1947 to 2006. The findings of the paper indicate a weak negative association between democracy and output growth. Consistent with some current empirical literature, democracy is also found to influence output growth indirectly. The empirical results are robust to different democracy variables and output growth equation specifications. The empirical findings also highlight the role of other variables in determining output growth and, except for rising oil prices, show its positive linkage to physical and human capital, government consumption, openness of trade practices and inflation.Democracy, Growth, Time-series

Dışa açıklık ve enflasyon: zaman serileri verileri ile bir kanıt

The paper empirically examines relationship between trade openness and inflation in Pakistan using annual time-series data for the period 1947 to 2007. The empirical analysis shows that a positive relation holds between trade openness and inflation in Pakistan. The results are robust to controlling for other inflation determining variables and performing sensitivity analysis. Flexible exchange rate regime and an increase in the level of development inflate domestic inflation. Other control variables i.e. money supply, fiscal deficit, exchange rate depreciations, foreign inflation, terms of trade, foreign debt and democracy significantly affect inflation in the expected directions.Bu çalışma, 1947–2007 dönemini kapsayan yıllık veriler kullanılarak Pakistan’da dış ticaret alanında dışa açıklık ile enflasyon arasındaki ilişki ampirik olarak incelenmiştir. Ampirik analiz sonuçları, Pakistan’da dışa açıklık ile enflasyon arasında pozitif bir ilişki olduğunu göstermektedir. Sonuçlar, enflasyonu belirleyen diğer değişkenlerden ve duyarlılık analizlerinden etkilenmemektedir. Esnek kambiyo rejimi ve gelişme düzeyindeki artış yurtiçi enflasyonu artırmaktadır. Diğer kontrol değişkenleri olan para arzı, mali açık, döviz kurunun değer yitirmesi, dış enflasyon, ticaret haddi, dış borç ve demokrasi enflasyonu beklenen yönde anlamlı bir şekilde etkilemektedir

Enhancement of Mechanical, Thermal and Dielectric Properties of Hybrid Carbon Nanotubes and Alumina in Epoxy Nanocomposites

Penambahan nanotiub karbon (CNT) dalam nanokomposit polimer telah memberikan cabaran kepada penyelidik disebabkan oleh taburannya dalam matriks polimer. Kajian ini memberikan fokus terhadap sebatian hibrid CNT-alumina yang dihasilkan melalui pemendapan wap kimia (CVD) yang digunakan untuk mempertingkatkan taburan dan menambah baik sifat-sifat mekanik, terma dan dielektrik bagi nanokomposit epoksi. Sebatian hibrid CNT-alumina telah berjaya disintesis melalui kaedah CVD dengan menggunakan pemangkin nikel di bawah atmosfera metana pada suhu 800 °C. Bagi tujuan perbandingan, campuran CNT-alumina secara fizikal juga disediakan dengan menggunakan kaedah pengisaran bebola bagi tujuan perbandingan. Nanokomposit epoksi terisi sebatian hibrid CNT-alumina dan CNT-alumina yang dicampurkan secara fizikal telah dicirikan berdasarkan muatan pengisi (iaitu 1% - 5%). Sebatian hibrid CNT-alumina masing-masing mempunyai saiz antara 10 – 30 nm dan 12 % berat karbon berdasarkan analisis medan pancaran mikroskop imbasan electron pancaran medan (FESEM), mikroskop pemancaran elektron resolusi tinggi (HRTEM) dan serakan tenaga sinar-x (EDX), manakala analisis pembelauan sinar-x (XRD) mendedahkan kewujudan fasa karbon antara beberapa fasa alumina. Penilaian bagi sebatian hibrid CNT-alumina terisi nanokomposit epoksi menunjukkan sifat-sifat mekanik, terma dan dielektrik yang lebih tinggi berbanding CNT-alumina yang dicampurkan secara fizikal serta terisi nanokomposit epoksi. Peningkatan ini berkaitan dengan taburan seragam sebatian hibrid CNT-alumina seperti yang diperhatikan daripada FESEM dan HRTEM. Penggunaan sebatian hibrid CNT-alumina terisi nanokomposit epoksi telah dibuktikan mampu untuk meningkatkan kekuatan tegangan sehingga 30%, modulus tegangan sebanyak 39%, kekuatan lenturan sebanyak 30%, modulus lenturan sebanyak 35%, kekerasan sebanyak 17%, konduktiviti terma sebanyak 20%, nilai suhu peralihan kaca sebanyak 25% dan pemalar dielektrik sebanyak 20% apabila dibandingkan dengan epoksi yang tulen. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The incorporation of carbon nanotube (CNT) in polymer nanocomposites has become challenges for researchers due to its dispersion in polymer matrix. This work focuses on CNT-alumina hybrid compound prepared via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) which is used to improve dispersion and enhance the mechanical, thermal and dielectric properties of epoxy nanocomposites. The CNT-alumina hybrid compound was successfully synthesized via CVD by using nickel catalyst under methane atmosphere at 800 °C. The physically mixed CNT-alumina was also prepared by ball milling method for comparison. The CNT-alumina hybrid compound and physically mixed CNT-alumina filled epoxy nanocomposites were characterized according to their filler loadings (i.e. 1% - 5%). The CNT-alumina hybrid compound had the size between 10 – 30 nm and 12 Wt % of carbon according to field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) and energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) analysis respectively, while x-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed the existence of carbon phase among several phases of alumina. The CNT-alumina hybrid compound filled epoxy nanocomposites assessments showed higher mechanical, thermal and dielectric properties than the physically mixed CNT-alumina filled epoxy nanocomposites. This increase is associated with the homogeneous dispersion of CNT-alumina hybrid compound as observed from FESEM and HRTEM. It was demonstrated that the CNT-alumina hybrid compound filled epoxy nanocomposites are capable of increasing tensile strength by up to 30%, giving tensile modulus of 39%, flexural strength of 30%, flexural modulus of 35%, hardness of 17%, thermal conductivity of 20%, glass transition temperature value of 25% and dielectric constant of 20% when compared to a neat epoxy

On the origin of Hyow

The origin of Hyow, one of the Kuki-Chin languages, in the current study of the language family is not a conclusive one. This study aims to compare the previous findings and the research data of Hyow that is collected from Chittagong Hill Tracts in Bangladesh. Based on the shared innovations of the Kuki-Chin languages and the findings of my research, I have tried to draw a conclusive origin of Hyow in the Southern Kuki-Chin branch. The comparative study reveals that Hyow should be aligned with Khumi and Cho-Asho rather than be kept under Asho of the Southern-Plains-Chin group.Australian National Universit

Budget Deficit, Money Supply and Inflation: The Case of Pakistan

Konvencionalno vjerovanje sugerira da konstantno visoki proračunski deficiti dovode do porasta inflacije, što sama monetarna politika ne može spriječiti. No, rezultati empirijskih istraživanja ne potkrepljuju uvijek ovu hipotezu. Ovaj rad preispituje to pitanje u slučaju Pakistana koristeći Johansenovu kointegracijsku analizu. Empirijski rezultati ukazuju da dugoročno gledano inflacija nije povezana s proračunskim deficitom već samo s ponudom novca te ne postoji uzročna veza između ponude novca i proračunskog deficita. Stoga proizlazi da čvrsto proračunsko ograničenje u slučaju Pakistana nije empirijski utemeljeno.Conventional notions suggest that persistently high budget deficits give rise to inflation, which monetary policy on its own is powerless to prevent. However, empirical evidence does not provide convincing support for such a hypothesis. This paper reexamines the issue in the case of Pakistan using Johansen cointegration analysis. The empirical results suggest that in the long-run inflation is not related to budget deficit but only to supply of money, and supply of money has no causal connection with budget deficit. Hence, the findings imply that the hard government budget constraint does not find empirical support for Pakistan

Roosting Habits of Red Junglefowl in Orchard Area

The roosting habits of Red Junglefowl (Gallus gallus spadiceus) was studied in an in orchard area of University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Malaysia, planted with Chiku (Achras sapota), Cempedak (Artocarpus integer), Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum), Pulasan(Nephelium mutabili), Durian (Durio zibethinus) and Kayu Manis (Cinnamomum iners). Roosting trees were identified when the Red Junglefowls started to crow early in the morning and late evening. The study showed that the Red Junglefowl preferred Cempedak trees. One male was observed to use the same Cempedak tree for 33 days and a Rambutan tree for 9 days. Males and females generally roosted at about the same height from the ground. Roosting height varied between 5 m and 9 m depending upon the tree species. Hens with chicks roosted lower (4 m) than those without chicks. Red Junglefowl left the roosting tree before sunrise and went to roost before sunset. Females went to roost earlier than males and the males departed the roosting tree earlier than females