15 research outputs found
Human Ecology, Process Philosophy and the Global Ecological Crisis
This paper argues that human ecology, based on process philosophy and challenging scientific materialism, is required to effectively confront the global ecological crisis now facing us
Efficient Way to Generate Protein-Based Nanoparticles by in-Situ Photoinitiated Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly
Protein-based nanoparticles
with tailored properties by using different
functional proteins as building blocks have many actual and potential
applications in biomedicine, biotechnology, and nanotechnology. In
this study, we demonstrated a facile and efficient way to synthesize
protein-based nanoparticles by taking advantage of photoinitiated
reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization-induced
self-assembly by using multi-RAFT modified bovine serum albumin (BSA)
as a macro-RAFT agent. The growth of the PHPMA chains results in the
increase of the hydrophobicity of the star BSA–PHPMA conjugates,
and when reaching the critical aggregation concentration in aqueous
solution, they will aggregate into nanoparticles via the hydrophobic
interaction of PHPMA. The generated nanoparticles also showed excellent
encapsulation ability toward both hydrophobic and hydrophilic components,
and as a proof of concept, after loading cancer drug DOX or biomacromolecule
DNA, the protease-mediated release of the encapsulants was demonstrated.
It is anticipated that the described method may open up new opportunities
for designing a variety of protein–polymer self-assembled nanostructures
tailored to specific applications
Altered metabolism pathways for the most relevant metabolic differences between rats treat with CR and control group.
<p>The network of the potential biomarkers changing according to the KEGG PATHWAY.</p
Multivariate analysis of serum samples from CR and control groups.
<p>A, PCA score plot, B, OPLS-DA score plot, C, OPLS-DA loadings plot. The urine samples were collected after 14 days of treatment. The model was established using one predictive and one orthogonal component.</p
Histopathology of liver (A), heart (B), kidney (C) and lung (D) tissues.
<p>The tissues were collected after 14 days of CR treatment and 7 days of recovery. The tissues were fixed in 10% formaldehyde, and then stained using Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E). Original magnificationĂ—100. A1, B1, C1 and D1, controls group of day 14; A2, B2, C2 and D2, CR-treated group of day 14; A3, B3, C3 and D3, CR-treated group after 7 days of recovery.</p
Schematic representation of animal treatment and sample collection.
<p>The experiment lasted 21 days, including 14 days of treatment with CR and 7 days of recovery, urine sample, serum sample and tissues were collected after 14 days of treatment and 7 days of recovery.</p
Representative urine <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectra from control and CR treated rats after 14 days of treatment: A, CR-treated group; B, control group.
<p>Assignments of endogenous metabolites were based on comparing chemical shifts and multiplicities of peaks to the literature as well as the Metabonomics Toolbox (<a href="http://www.hmdb.ca" target="_blank">http://www.hmdb.ca</a>). The spectra were taken for urine samples containing 0.2 M Na<sub>2</sub>HPO<sub>4</sub>/NaH<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>, pH 7.4 and 0.05% TSP as a chemical shift reference.</p
The normalized integral changes of the relevant time-related urinary marked metabolites induced by CR treatment.
<p>The normalized integral changes of the relevant time-related urinary marked metabolites induced by CR treatment.</p
Multivariate analysis of urine samples of pre-treatment, after 14 days of treatment and after 7 days of recovery.
<p>A, OPLS-DA score plot, B, OPLS-DA loadings s-plot.</p
Representative GC-MS total ion chromatograms from the serum samples of control and CR treated rats after 14 days of treatment: A, control group; B, CR-treated group.
<p>Representative GC-MS total ion chromatograms from the serum samples of control and CR treated rats after 14 days of treatment: A, control group; B, CR-treated group.</p