Antioxidant characteristics of rutin-loaded zein-SC nanoparticles with different dosages of rutin (zein to SC mass ratio 1:1, 80% concentrations of ethanol)^a.

<p>Antioxidant characteristics of rutin-loaded zein-SC nanoparticles with different dosages of rutin (zein to SC mass ratio 1:1, 80% concentrations of ethanol)<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0194951#t005fn001" target="_blank">^a</a>.</p

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of rutin loaded ZP.

Zein (A, B), zein-SC (C, D) and rutin-loaded (0.1g) zein-SC nanoparticles (E, F) at a zein-SC mass ratio of 1: l.</p

Characterisation of rutin-loaded zein-sodium caseinate nanoparticles with different zein to SC mass ratios^a (0.1g rutin loaded).

<p>Characterisation of rutin-loaded zein-sodium caseinate nanoparticles with different zein to SC mass ratios<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0194951#t002fn001" target="_blank">^a</a> (0.1g rutin loaded).</p

FTIR Data

The FTIR data of manuscripts “Preparation, characterisation and antioxidant activities of rutin-loaded zein-sodium caseinate nanoparticles”in journal Plos One

FTIR spectra of powdered zein-SC nanoparticles.

<p>A: rutin, B: zein-SC nanoparticles and rutin-loaded zein-SC nanoparticles (C: 0.05g rutin, D: 0.10g rutin, E: 0.15g rutin and F: 0.20g rutin).</p

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of rutin loaded ZP.

<p>A: 0.05 g rutin; B: 0.10 g rutin; C: 0.15 g rutin and D: 0.20 g rutin at a zein-SC mass ratio of 1: l.</p

Characterisation of zein-sodium caseinate nanoparticles (ZP) with different zein to SC mass ratios^a.

<p>Characterisation of zein-sodium caseinate nanoparticles (ZP) with different zein to SC mass ratios<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0194951#t001fn001" target="_blank">^a</a>.</p

The influence of the dosages of rutin on the characteristics of zein-sodium caseinate nanoparticles^a (zein to SC mass ratio 1:1, 80% concentrations of ethanol).

<p>The influence of the dosages of rutin on the characteristics of zein-sodium caseinate nanoparticles<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0194951#t004fn001" target="_blank">^a</a> (zein to SC mass ratio 1:1, 80% concentrations of ethanol).</p

Effect of different concentrations of ethanol on the characteristics of rutin-loaded zein-sodium caseinate nanoparticles^a (zein to SC mass ratio 1:1, 0.1g rutin loaded).

<p>Effect of different concentrations of ethanol on the characteristics of rutin-loaded zein-sodium caseinate nanoparticles<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0194951#t003fn001" target="_blank">^a</a> (zein to SC mass ratio 1:1, 0.1g rutin loaded).</p

Table1_Genetic variations underlying Gilbert syndrome and HBV infection outcomes: a cross-sectional study.DOCX

Background: Constant cellular damage causes a poor prognosis of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Accumulating evidence indicates the cytoprotective properties of bilirubin. Here, we investigated the association of UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A1 (UGT1A1), the genetic cause of Gilbert syndrome (GS), a common condition of mild unconjugated bilirubinemia, with HBV infection outcomes.Methods: Patients (n = 2,792) with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia were screened for HBV infection and host UGT1A1 variations in Ruijin Hospital from January 2015 to May 2023, and those with confirmed HBV exposure were included. The promoter/exons/adjacent intronic regions of UGT1A1 were sequenced. HBV infection outcomes were compared between hosts with wild-type and variant-type UGT1A1. The effect magnitudes of UGT1A1 variations were evaluated using three classification approaches.Results: In total, 175 patients with confirmed HBV exposure were recruited for final analysis. Age, gender, level of HBV serological markers, and antiviral treatment were comparable between UGT1A1 wild-type and disease-causing variation groups. Five known disease-causing mutations (UGT1A1*28, UGT1A1*6, UGT1A1*27, UGT1A1*63, and UGT1A1*7) were detected. The incidence of cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma (LC/HCC) was significantly lower in UGT1A1 variant hosts than in UGT1A1 wild-type hosts (13.14% vs. 78.95%, p Conclusion: The findings of this study provide insights into the association between preexisting genetically mild bilirubin elevation and viral infection outcome. We showed that the accumulation of UGT1A1 variants or the rarity of the variation is associated with a better prognosis, and the effect magnitude correlates with UGT1A1 deficiency. This study demonstrates the therapeutic potential of host UGT1A1 variations underlying GS against HBV infection outcomes.</p