Developing Pd(II) Catalyzed Double sp³ C–H Alkoxylation for Synthesis of Symmetric and Unsymmetric Acetals

An effective Pd­(II) catalyzed double unactivated C­(sp³)–H alkoxylation has been developed to prepare both symmetric and unsymmetric acetals. This new reaction demonstrates good functional group tolerance, excellent reactivity, and high yields. A variety of novel acetals can be readily accessed via this new method

Weak Coordination Promoted Regioselective Oxidative Coupling Reaction for 2,2′-Difunctional Biaryl Synthesis in Hexafluoro-2-propanol

An unprecedented weak coordination promoted dehydrogenative cross-coupling reaction has been developed by palladium catalysis, which provides a convenient access to a wide range of 2,2′-difunctional biaryls from easily accessible substrates. Both HFIP solvent and oxidants serve as the critical factors in this new reaction. A plausible mechanism involving Pd­(II)/Pd­(IV) is proposed. The reaction demonstrates excellent reactivity, broad functional-group tolerance and high yields

Weak Coordination Promoted Regioselective Oxidative Coupling Reaction for 2,2′-Difunctional Biaryl Synthesis in Hexafluoro-2-propanol

An unprecedented weak coordination promoted dehydrogenative cross-coupling reaction has been developed by palladium catalysis, which provides a convenient access to a wide range of 2,2′-difunctional biaryls from easily accessible substrates. Both HFIP solvent and oxidants serve as the critical factors in this new reaction. A plausible mechanism involving Pd­(II)/Pd­(IV) is proposed. The reaction demonstrates excellent reactivity, broad functional-group tolerance and high yields

Ruthenium(II)-Catalyzed Synthesis of Hydroxylated Arenes with Ester as an Effective Directing Group

An unprecedented Ru(II) catalyzed <i>ortho</i>-hydroxylation has been developed for the facile synthesis of a variety of multifunctionalized arenes from easily accessible ethyl benzoates with ester as an efficient directing group. Both the TFA/TFAA cosolvent system and oxidants serve as the critical success factors in this transformation. The reaction demonstrates excellent reactivity, good functional group tolerance, and high yields

Regioselective Annulation of Aryl Sulfonamides with Allenes through Cobalt-Promoted C–H Functionalization

The development of an efficient method for the construction of biologically relevant sultams is described, which represents the first case of cobalt-promoted C–H/N–H functionalization of sulfonamides with allenes. This newly developed annulation reaction demonstrated good functional group tolerance and excellent regioselectivity. Both terminal monosubstituted allenes and internal disubstituted allenes can be employed to give the desired sultams in good yields. This strategy can be successfully used to build a unique sultam library with novel structural diversity

One-Step Synthesis of Diverse Pyridine-Containing Heterocycles with 3‑Ethoxycyclobutanones at Room Temperature

An efficient and convenient approach toward a diversity-oriented synthesis of bioactive pyridine-containing fused heterocycles is described. Through a Lewis acid catalyzed union of 3-ethoxycyclobutanones with various heterocyclic amines, a broad range of heterocyclic compounds were prepared readily at ambient temperature with excellent regioselectivity

Synthesis of Tri- and Tetrasubstituted Pyrazoles via Ru(II) Catalysis: Intramolecular Aerobic Oxidative C–N Coupling

An unprecedented ruthenium(II)-catalyzed intramolecular oxidative C–N coupling method has been developed for the facile synthesis of a variety of synthetically challenging tri- and tetrasubstituted pyrazoles. Dioxygen gas is employed as the oxidant in this transformation. The reaction demonstrates excellent reactivity, functional group tolerance, and high yields

An improved FFR design.

<p>(a) the experimental prototype of improved FFR worn by subject (b) sensor position for temperature measurement.</p

Temperature of FFR deadspace with and without a ventilation fan.

<p>Temperature of FFR deadspace with and without a ventilation fan.</p

Grid Independency and speed sensibility test of the ventilation fan.

<p>Grid Independency and speed sensibility test of the ventilation fan.</p