Phosphomolybdic acid-responsive Pickering emulsions stabilized by ionic liquid functionalized Janus nanosheets

<p><b>A</b> Representative photomicrographs of Caspase-3 immunofluorescence staining (400×). <b>B</b> Quantification of Caspase-3 fluorescence intensity in different groups. <b>C</b> Representative Western blot band of Caspase-3 activation in the ischemic cortex at 24 h after reperfusion. <b>D</b> Effect of LBP (40 mg/kg) on the Caspase-3 activation in MCAO mice cortex at 24 h after reperfusion. Data are expressed as mean±SEM (n = 6). ^##P<0.01 vs. sham-operated group; **P<0.01 vs. vehicle group.</p

DataSheet1_Tracking Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Greenhouse-Led Cultivated Land and its Drivers in Shandong Province, China.docx

Rapid urbanization and economic development have led the diversified food production and consumption. In this context, as a highly efficient and intensive cultivated land use form, Greenhouse-led cultivated land (GCL) has continuously increased in recent decades worldwide. Previously works have documented the irrational expansion of GCL in challenging the ecological environment and sustainable agricultural development. However, these studies either have been short-term and point-based studies or have not revealed the long-term causes, process and patterns in a large-scale. In this study, long-term annual remote sensing-based and statistical data were used to investigate the spatiotemporal dynamics of GCL and its drivers in Shandong province, China from 1989 to 2018. The results showed that: 1) GCL in Shandong was toward continuous clustering dominated by medium-low and medium densities, showing the same trend as the increase of its total area; 2) GCL with a cumulative duration of more than 15 years and a demolition frequency of less than 0.2 were mainly distributed in the industrial clustering regions and roughly formed a circular expansion pattern around the central mountainous area with the most expansion period appeared in the mid-2010’s; 3) Budget expenditure for rural development, local retail sales and average earnings of local farmers were the most important local driving factors of the GCL expansion in Shandong. 4) The competition of external vegetable supply and the consumption demand from Beijing were the main external driving forces of the expansion of GCL in Shandong. These findings can enhance the comprehensive understanding of typical component of “Human-Nature” interaction and support the sustainable development of regional agriculture.</p

Table_2_Prognostic Characteristics of Immune-Related Genes and the Related Regulatory Axis in Patients With Stage N+M0 Breast Cancer.docx

Breast cancer (BRCA) has the highest incidence rate among female tumours. The function of the immune system affects treatment efficacy and prognosis in patients with BRCA. However, the exact role of immune-related genes (IRGs) in stage N+M0 BRCA is unknown. We constructed a predictive risk scoring model with five IRGs (CDH1, FGFR3, INHBA, S100B, and SCG2) based on the clinical, mutation, and RNA sequencing data of individuals with stage N+M0 BRCA sourced from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Results from the Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute validation cohort suggested that regardless of clinical stage, tumour size, or the number of lymph node metastases, this model was able to reliably discriminate low-risk patients from high-risk ones and assess the prognosis of patients with stage N+M0 BRCA, and low-risk patients could benefit more from immunotherapy than high-risk patients. In addition, significant inter-group variations in immunocyte infiltration and the tumour microenvironment were observed. Moreover, risk score and age were found to be independent factors in multivariate COX regression analysis, which influenced the outcome of patients with stage N+M0 BRCA. Based on the above findings, we plotted a prognostic nomogram. Finally, we constructed a lncRNA KCNQ1OT1-LINC00665-TUG1/miR-9-5p/CDH1 regulatory axis of the ceRNA network to explore the mechanism of BRCA progression. In summary, we conducted a systemic and extensive bioinformatics investigation and established an IRG-based prognostic scoring model. Finally, we constructed a ceRNA regulatory axis that might play a significant role in BRCA development. More research is required to confirm this result. Scoring system-based patient grouping can help predict the outcome of patients with stage N+M0 BRCA more effectively and determine their sensitivity to immunotherapies, which will aid the development of personalised therapeutic strategies and inspire the research and development of novel medications.</p

Table_1_Prognostic Characteristics of Immune-Related Genes and the Related Regulatory Axis in Patients With Stage N+M0 Breast Cancer.csv

Breast cancer (BRCA) has the highest incidence rate among female tumours. The function of the immune system affects treatment efficacy and prognosis in patients with BRCA. However, the exact role of immune-related genes (IRGs) in stage N+M0 BRCA is unknown. We constructed a predictive risk scoring model with five IRGs (CDH1, FGFR3, INHBA, S100B, and SCG2) based on the clinical, mutation, and RNA sequencing data of individuals with stage N+M0 BRCA sourced from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Results from the Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute validation cohort suggested that regardless of clinical stage, tumour size, or the number of lymph node metastases, this model was able to reliably discriminate low-risk patients from high-risk ones and assess the prognosis of patients with stage N+M0 BRCA, and low-risk patients could benefit more from immunotherapy than high-risk patients. In addition, significant inter-group variations in immunocyte infiltration and the tumour microenvironment were observed. Moreover, risk score and age were found to be independent factors in multivariate COX regression analysis, which influenced the outcome of patients with stage N+M0 BRCA. Based on the above findings, we plotted a prognostic nomogram. Finally, we constructed a lncRNA KCNQ1OT1-LINC00665-TUG1/miR-9-5p/CDH1 regulatory axis of the ceRNA network to explore the mechanism of BRCA progression. In summary, we conducted a systemic and extensive bioinformatics investigation and established an IRG-based prognostic scoring model. Finally, we constructed a ceRNA regulatory axis that might play a significant role in BRCA development. More research is required to confirm this result. Scoring system-based patient grouping can help predict the outcome of patients with stage N+M0 BRCA more effectively and determine their sensitivity to immunotherapies, which will aid the development of personalised therapeutic strategies and inspire the research and development of novel medications.</p

Cobalt Phosphate–ZnO Composite Photocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution from Photocatalytic Water Oxidation

Cobalt based oxygen evolution catalysts (Co–Pi) were loaded on the surface of ZnO by photochemical deposition in a neutral phosphate buffer solution containing Co²⁺ ions. Structural, morphological, and optical properties of the samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra techniques. The Co–Pi phase formed was amorphous and was deposited on the surface of ZnO uniformly as a layer of nanoparticles. The enhanced activity for oxygen evolution was directly observed from photocatalytic water oxidation over Co–Pi loaded ZnO. The oxygen produced in the first hour was more than 4 times of that obtained over ZnO alone. The results suggest that Co–Pi played the role of cocatalyst, which can trap photogenerated holes, leading to the enhancement of electron and hole separation efficiency. Further studies showed that the mixture of cobalt phosphate and ZnO exhibited similar enhancement in activity for oxygen evolution which could be due to the oxidation of nonactive cobalt­(II) phosphate to active Co–Pi with higher oxidation states of cobalt upon light illumination during photocatalytic water oxidation process. In both systems, ZnO photocorrosion was observed based on inductively coupled plasma, XRD, and FESEM analyses

Colloidal Crystal Templates Direct the Morphologies of Fabricated Porous Cuprous Oxide Particles

Well-controlled porous morphologies and tailored shapes are important for the mesostructures that are produced in material chemistry. Hard template processes provide an efficient way to fabricate porous structures, but the only a few particle shapes can be produced using 3D porous templates. Little is discussed about how such templates affect the shapes of particles. Here, porous Cu₂O crystals with different shapes and degrees of branching can be electrodeposited using colloidal crystal templates. These templates can produce particle shapes that are exactly the same as those created without templates, but they can also produce different shapes than those fabricated on bare substrates (without a colloidal crystal template). The presence of the colloidal crystal template blocks ion diffusion and changes the deposition environment. Both increased and decreased degrees of branching can be produced when different electrolyte systems are used in conjunction with a colloidal crystal template

MOF-Derived Nickel–Cobalt Sulfide Nanoflakes Wrapped Carbon Nanotubes for Hybrid Supercapacitors

Transition metal sulfide has been regarded as an ideal electrode material for supercapacitors due to its high energy density. However, the poor cyclic stability caused by low electroconductivity seriously limits its practical application. Herein, carbon nanotubes and nickel–cobalt bimetallic organic framework composites were prepared by the in situ growth method and used as precursors to prepare carbon nanotubes/nickel–cobalt bimetallic sulfide (CNTs/Ni–Co–S-3) composites. Benefits from the synergy between the components, CNTs/Ni–Co–S-3, as a positive electrode material, presented an extremely high specific capacity of 734 C g–1 at 1 A g–1 and an improved rate capability. Furthermore, when CNTs/Ni–Co–S served as the positive electrode of the hybrid supercapacitor (CNTs/Ni–Co–S-3//AC HSC), the device provided a competitive energy density of 42.15 Wh kg–1 at the power density of 852 W kg–1 and long-term stability (88.46% of specific capacitance retention for 10000 cycles at 8 A g–1). This synthesis strategy provides a new pathway for further improving the energy density and cyclic stability of metallic sulfide group composite electrodes

Anion-Directed Crystallization of Coordination Polymers: Syntheses and Characterization of Cu₄(2-pzc)₄(H₂O)₈(Mo₈O₂₆)·2H₂O and Cu₃(2-pzc)₄(H₂O)₂(V₁₀O₂₈H₄)·6.5H₂O (2-pzc = 2-Pyrazinecarboxylate)

Two new copper 2-pyrazinecarboxylate (2-pzc) coordination polymers incorporating [Mo8O26]4- and [V10O28H4]2- anions were synthesized and structurally characterized:  Cu4(2-pzc)4)(H2O)8(Mo8O26)·2H2O (1) and Cu3(2-pzc)4(H2O)2(V10O28H4)·6.5H2O (2). Crystal data:  1, monoclinic, space group P21/n, a = 11.1547(5) Å, b = 13.4149(6) Å, c = 15.9633(7) Å, β = 90.816(1)°; 2, triclinic, space group P1̄, a = 10.5896(10) Å, b = 10.7921(10) Å, c = 13.5168(13) Å, α = 104.689(2)°, β = 99.103(2)°, γ = 113.419(2)°. Compound 1 contains {Cu(2-pzc)(H2O)2} chains charge-balanced by [Mo8O26]4- anions. In compound 2, layers of {Cu3(2-pzc)4(H2O)2} form cavities that are filled with [V10O28H4]2- anions. The magnetic properties of both compounds are described

Ultrafast Interlayer Charge Transfer between Bilayer PtSe₂ and Monolayer WS₂

Interlayer charge transfer (CT) between PtSe2 and WS2 is studied experimentally. Layer-selective pump–probe and photoluminescence quenching measurements reveal ultrafast interlayer CT in the heterostructure formed by bilayer PtSe2 and monolayer WS2, confirming its type-II band alignment. The CT facilitates the formation of the interlayer excitons with a lifetime of several hundred ps to 1 ns, a diffusion coefficient of 0.9 cm2 s–1, and a diffusion length reaching 200 nm. These results demonstrate the integration of PtSe2 with other materials in van der Waals heterostructures with novel charge-transfer properties and help develop fundamental understanding on the performance of various optoelectronic devices based on heterostructures involving PtSe2

Patterning of Graphene via an In Situ Electrochemical Method using Ni Opal or Inverse-Opal Structures

The development of advanced methods for graphene with nanoscale width and periodic geometries is important to graphene-based electronic and optical devices. Metal inverse opals and opals were used as reliable nanopatterned electrodes for the electrochemical reactions of graphene oxide (GO) films at −0.8 to −1.5 V versus saturated calomel electrode. Graphene with redox patterns was formed by limited reduction time. Reduced GO (RGO) films with deeper surface impress patterns were formed after electrochemical reductions and varied according to the surface geometries of the Ni inverse opals. The resistivity of the RGO using Ni solid films and inverse opals decreased rapidly because a connected RGO formed at the beginning of the reduction. In contrast, the resistivity of RGO reduced by Ni opals did not show a significant decrease in the beginning because of the disconnected reduction. The formed periodic undulations of RGO structures did not show the coupling of optical wavelength, but shifted the stop band of colloidal crystals covered under them