Effect of Garlic Juice on Quality Changes of Oyster (Crassostrea Belcheri) Meat During Chilled Storage

Surat-thani oyster, a big and thin-shell bivalve mollusks, has been registered as Geographical Indicators, GI, as its good taste and delicacy as well as nutritious. Eaten style is raw then there is high risk to face with some disease as oyster is filter feeder. Physical, chemical, microbiological and sensory qualities after the oyster meat treated with the garlic juice at 0, 2 and 3 ml, respectively were monitored. Though initial pH of the control, untreated with garlic juice, was higher compared with the sample treated with 3 ml garlic juice, pH of it (control) was significantly lower (p5) at the end of the storag

Data_Sheet_1_Measuring L2 Essay Rating Strategy: Scale Development and Preliminary Validation.doc

<p>Given the lack of an L2 essay rating strategy scale, this study aims to develop and evaluate an instrument measuring College English Test Band 4 (CET4) essay raters' rating strategy. 14 raters were first invited to mark 10 mock essays while conducting think-aloud in order to generate a pool of scale items. After piloted on three raters, the initial version of the questionnaire including 28 items was established, among which 22 items were related with cognitive strategies (CS) and the rest meta-cognitive strategies (MCS). Then it was administered to a sample of 450 raters in four marking centers around China. Item-total correlation, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and reliability analysis were conducted to evaluate its psychometric properties. It was found that the final version contained 12 items, and the four-factor solution (Self-evaluate, Decide, Diagnose, and Compare) could explain 59.92% of the total variance. Cronbach's Alpha reached 0.73 for the whole questionnaire. The results suggest that the instrument has acceptable reliability and adequate validity.</p

Improved Method for Measuring and Characterizing Phthalate Emissions from Building Materials and Its Application to Exposure Assessment

Phthalate emission from vinyl floorings was measured in specially designed stainless steel chambers. Phthalate concentrations increased and reached steady state after 2 to 5 days for all experiments. By having a high ratio of emission surface to sorption surface, avoiding mass loss of phthalates onto sampling pathways, and improving air mixing inside the chamber, the time to reach steady state was significantly reduced, compared to previous studies (1 to 5 months). An innovative approach was developed to determine y0, the gas-phase concentration of phthalates in equilibrium with the material phase, which is the key parameter controlling phthalate emissions. Target phthalate material-phase concentration (C0) and vapor pressure (Vp) were explicitly measured and found to have great influences on the y0 value. For low phthalate concentrations in materials, a simple partitioning mechanism may linearly relate y0 and C0, but cannot be evoked for high-weight phthalate percentages. In addition, the sorption kinetics and adsorption isotherm of phthalates on stainless steel chamber surfaces were determined experimentally. Independently measured or calculated parameters were used to validate a semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) emission model, with excellent agreement between model predictions and the observed chamber concentrations in gas and stainless steel phases. With the knowledge of y0 and emission mechanisms, human exposure to phthalates from tested floorings was assessed; the levels were comparable to previous studies. This work developed a rapid, novel method to measure phthalate emissions; emission measurement results can be connected to exposure assessment and help health professionals estimate screening-level exposures associated with SVOCs and conduct risk-based prioritization for SVOC chemicals of concern

Table_1_The Effect of Adult Children's Education Attainment on Their Parents' Cognitive Health: An Intergenerational Support Perspective.docx

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between adult children's education attainment and their parents' cognitive health, and to further explore the mechanism of intergenerational support. Based on empirical analysis of data from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey, our study finds a positive association between children's educational attainment and parents' cognitive health. This correlation is provided for by emotional communication of informal caregiving, financial support, and healthy behaviors shaped in the parents by adult children. The strength of the effect varied by the adult child's gender. While sons' education attainment significantly improves parental cognitive parameters through informal caregiving, financial support, and development of healthy behaviors, the effect of daughters' education derives from financial support and healthy behaviors, not being related to informal caregiving. The study enriches the evidence on the mobility of children's human capital toward their parents and provides practical insights for advancing children's participation in family caregiving.</p

Emission of Phthalates and Phthalate Alternatives from Vinyl Flooring and Crib Mattress Covers: The Influence of Temperature

Emissions of phthalates and phthalate alternatives from vinyl flooring and crib mattress covers were measured in a specially designed chamber. The gas-phase concentrations versus time were measured at four different temperatures, that is, 25, 36, 45, and 55 °C. The key parameter that controls the emissions (y₀, gas-phase concentration in equilibrium with the material phase) was determined, and the emissions were found to increase significantly with increasing temperature. Both the material-phase concentration (<i>C</i>₀) and the chemical vapor pressure (<i>V</i>_p) were found to have great influence on the value of <i>y</i>₀. The measured ratios of <i>C</i>₀ to <i>y</i>₀ were exponentially proportional to the reciprocal of temperature, in agreement with the van’t Hoff equation. A emission model was validated at different temperatures, with excellent agreement between model calculations and chamber observations. In residential homes, an increase in the temperature from 25 to 35 °C can elevate the gas-phase concentration of phthalates by more than a factor of 10, but the total airborne concentration may not increase that much for less volatile compounds. In infant sleep microenvironments, an increase in the temperature of mattress can cause a significant increase in emission of phthalates from the mattress cover and make the concentration in the infant’s breathing zone about four times higher than that in the bulk room air, resulting in potentially high exposure

Normalized cellular volumes of live cells changing with time.

Green line: results of the simulation under normoxic conditions. Red line: results of the simulation under hypoxic conditions.</p

Cellular and ECM volume fractions changing with time.

ECM—solid lines, cells—dashed lines. A: varying maximal rate of ECM growth, b2,max; B: Varying ECM strain parameter k2.</p

Aksjeselskapers rettigheter etter EMK

Avhandlingen dreier seg om aksjeselskapers mulighet til å påberope seg menneskerettighetene som følger av den europeiske menneskerettighetskonvensjonen (EMK) og tilleggsprotokollene. Den tar for det første for seg aksjeselskapers adgang til å opptre som klager i EMD, nærmere bestemt aksjeselskapers partsevne. For det andre undersøker avhandlingen hvilke menneskerettigheter som gir aksjeselskapers vern. I den sammenheng drøftes særlig retten til en rettferdig rettergang, vernet om privatliv, hjem og korrespondanse, ytringsfriheten, forsamlings- og foreningsfriheten, diskrimineringsforbudet og vernet om eiendomsretten. Avhandlingen søker å kartlegge EMDs holding til klager fra aksjeselskaper og juridiske personer generelt, og bygger derfor i all hovedsak på rettspraksis fra konvensjonsorganene sammenholdt med konvensjonsteksten

Tumor size data set 2.

Scaled down from the clinical results in [6].</p

Default parameter values for the experiments in tissue regeneration model in the presence of vascular network.

Default parameter values for the experiments in tissue regeneration model in the presence of vascular network.</p