Microwave-Assisted Chemical-Vapor-Induced in Situ Polymerization of Polyaniline Nanofibers on Graphite Electrode for High-Performance Supercapacitor

Polyaniline (PANI) nanofibers-coated graphite electrode is fabricated by microwave-assisted chemical vapor induced in situ polymerization in the presence of ammonium persulfate. The microstructure and electrochemical performance of the as-prepared nanofibers are investigated in detail. The obtained PANI nanofibers at the optimum volume ratio of 4% aniline, with some protuberances on the surface and the diameter from 50 to 100 nm, are coated onto the surface of graphite electrode. The PANI-coated graphite electrodes display the best electrochemical performance in 6 M H₂SO₄ electrolyte, including a large reversible capacity of 2136 F g^–1 at the current density of 1 A g^–1 and excellent rate capability. In particular, The PANI-coated graphite electrode exhibits a long cycle life by retaining 91% of the initial specific capacitance after 1000 cycles. More importantly, a symmetric supercapacitor was fabricated using PANI-coated graphite electrode, showing maximum energy density and power density of 24 Wh kg^–1 and 6000 W kg^–1, respectively

Comparison between the SPEI_AJ reconstruction and dryness/wetness indices of Lanzhou.

<p>Comparison between the SPEI_AJ reconstruction and dryness/wetness indices of Lanzhou.</p

Monthly mean temperature and total precipitation values at Jingtai (1957–2013) and Jingyuan (1951–2013) meteorological stations.

<p>Monthly mean temperature and total precipitation values at Jingtai (1957–2013) and Jingyuan (1951–2013) meteorological stations.</p

Map of the sampling site.

<p>Map of the sampling site.</p

Synthesis of 3D-Nanonet Hollow Structured Co₃O₄ for High Capacity Supercapacitor

A 3D-nanonet structured cobalt-basic-carbonate precursor has been obtained by a facile, low cost and eco-friendly route under ambient temperature and pressure. After calcination in air, the as-prepared precursor was converted to a 3D-nanonet hollow structured Co₃O₄ with its original frame structure almost preserved. Encouragingly, by alternating experimental parameters (Table S1 in the Supporting Information), such as concentration of the starting reagents and calcination temperature, we got the optimized condition for the final product with desirable electrochemical performance (Figure S1 in the Supporting Information). The pseudocapacitive properties of the obtained Co₃O₄ were evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge–discharge measurement and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in 6.0 M KOH solution. At different scan rates of 5, 10, 20, and 30 mV s^–1, the corresponding specific capacitances were 820, 755, 693, and 656 F g^–1, respectively. The material also exhibited superior charge–discharge stability and maintained 90.2% of its initial capacitance after 1000 continuous charge–discharge cycles at a current density of 5 A g^–1. From a broad view, our research and the outstanding results not only present a feasible access to nanostructured Co₃O₄ but also remind us of paying more attention to the simple synthetic methods without complex processes and sophisticated instruments

Vaccination of mice against IL-33 attenuates the increase in the number of inflammatory cells present in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids.

<p>Total and differential cell counts were performed on cytospin preparations of the BALF. All values shown are mean ± s.e.m. (n = 9 mice in HDM+Vaccine group, n = 10 mice in PBS+Vaccine group and n = 10 mice in Trx+HDM group, missing sample due to failed collection of BALF from the animal). * <i>P</i> < 0.05 in comparison to the Trx+HDM group. Vacc: IL-33 vaccine, Trx: thioredoxin, HDM: house dust mite, TC: total cell count, neu: neutrophils, eos: eosinophils, mac: macrophages, lym: lymphocytes.</p

Patterns of field correlation in our study.

<p>(a) Correlations between the gridded (37.25°N, 104.75°E) SPEI_AJ series with the 0.5×0.5 gridded mean April-June SPEI at the 10-month scale. (b) Correlations between reconstructed SPEI_AJ with the 0.5×0.5 gridded mean April-June SPEI at the 10-month scale (1951–2011 AD).</p

Synthesis of 3D-Nanonet Hollow Structured Co₃O₄ for High Capacity Supercapacitor

A 3D-nanonet structured cobalt-basic-carbonate precursor has been obtained by a facile, low cost and eco-friendly route under ambient temperature and pressure. After calcination in air, the as-prepared precursor was converted to a 3D-nanonet hollow structured Co₃O₄ with its original frame structure almost preserved. Encouragingly, by alternating experimental parameters (Table S1 in the Supporting Information), such as concentration of the starting reagents and calcination temperature, we got the optimized condition for the final product with desirable electrochemical performance (Figure S1 in the Supporting Information). The pseudocapacitive properties of the obtained Co₃O₄ were evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge–discharge measurement and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in 6.0 M KOH solution. At different scan rates of 5, 10, 20, and 30 mV s^–1, the corresponding specific capacitances were 820, 755, 693, and 656 F g^–1, respectively. The material also exhibited superior charge–discharge stability and maintained 90.2% of its initial capacitance after 1000 continuous charge–discharge cycles at a current density of 5 A g^–1. From a broad view, our research and the outstanding results not only present a feasible access to nanostructured Co₃O₄ but also remind us of paying more attention to the simple synthetic methods without complex processes and sophisticated instruments

IL-33 vaccine elicits anti-IL33 specific antibodies.

<p>Serum samples of anti-IL-33 IgG on days 20 (left) and days 44 (right). All values shown are means ± s.e.m (n = 10 mice in each group on day 20; n = 9 mice in HDM+Vaccine group, n = 10 in PBS+Vaccine group and n = 10 in Trx+HDM group on day 44, missing sample due to failed collection of serum from the animal). ** <i>P</i> < 0.01, *** <i>P</i> < 0.001 in comparison to the Trx + HDM group. Vacc: IL-33 vaccine, Trx: thioredoxin, HDM: housedust mite, N.D.: not detected.</p

Vaccination against IL-33 diminishes house dust mite-induced airway hyperresponsiveness to methacholine.

<p>The resistance of the central airways (<i>Rn</i>), pulmonary tissue damping (<i>G</i>) and tissue elastance (<i>H</i>) to methacholine (Mch) were assessed employing a flexiVent. All values shown are mean ± s.e.m. (n = 8 mice in HDM+Vaccine group, n = 9 mice in Trx+HDM group and n = 6 mice in PBS+Vaccine group, missing samples due to unsuccessful or uncompleted intravenous injection in the animals) *<i>P</i> < 0.05, ** <i>P</i> < 0.01 in comparison to the Trx+HDM group. Vacc: IL-33 vaccine, Trx: thioredoxin, HDM: house dust mite.</p