In extreme conditions, stay in the zone

<p>The left thalamus, MFG and insula showed increased connectivity to right hippocampus in controls after acupuncture. Left in picture is left in the brain. The color scale represents t values.</p

Designing computer-based rewards with and for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and/or Intellectual Disability Computers in Human Behavior

<p>The acupuncture induced increased functional connectivity for the AD patients (t = 1.61, p = 0.056). There was no significant difference for healthy controls (t = 0.403,p = 0.345).</p

Effects of eye and neck muscle proprioception on ocular motor control in normal and strabismic subjects

Abundant proprioceptive information originates in eye and neck muscles but their role in normal visual function is unknown. Under experimental conditions, proprioceptive activation induces illusory visual movement, whereas clinical evidence indicates that proprioceptive dysfunction causes disturbances in spatial orientation. Animal experiments have shown that proprioceptive disturbance impede normal development of binocular function.The present investigations examined the consequences of proprioceptive activation of eye and neck muscles on gaze direction, space localization and control of accommodative vergence movements. These studies included patients with disturbances of binocularity due to intermittent and manifest strabismus together with subjects with normal binocular vision.Changes in eye position induced by vibration of eye muscle were recorded with an infrared system in 11 normal and 10 exotropic subjects. Lateral rectus vibration induced a temporally directed (abductive) eye position change in normal subjects, but a nasally directed (adductive) eye position change in exotropics. These data suggest that signals from eye muscle proprioceptors are processed differently in normals and strabismics.Eye position changes induced by neck muscle vibration were studied in 8 normal and 23 strabismic subjects. These experiments showed that the direction of eye position changes were the same in normals and intermittent exotropics with good binocular function. However in subjects with manifest strabismus and poor binocular function, vibration of lateral rotating muscles of the neck resulted in eye position changes that differed from normals. These data indicate that proprioceptive information derived from the neck muscles are involved in directing gaze. However, differences in horizontal gaze control exist between normal and strabismic subjects which may be related to differences in the state of binocular vision.The effects of eye and neck muscle vibration on visual target localization was studied in 11 normal and 17 strabismic subjects. In all stimulation conditions, the direction of the pointing shifts were the same in normals and the intermittent exotropic patient with good binocular vision. However, the shift in pointing direction that occurred as a result of horizontal muscle stimulation differed between normal subjects and those with manifest strabismus and poor binocular vision. These differences are probably related to the state of binocular functions.Control experiments showed that no artifacts occurred due to head movements or extra visual or extra-proprioceptive stimulation. Together these studies show that spatial orientation and the control of target position involve an interaction of proprioceptive feedback from eye and neck muscles together with information from the visual system. Binocular dysfunction in strabismus is associated with deficiencies in lateral target positioning.The dynamics of accommodative vergence movements induced by monocular viewing were investigated. The amplitude of the accommodative vergence movements was highest during the non-dominant eye viewing at a particular stimulus intensity. Accommodative vergence angles varied depending on the leading eye which drove the accommodative vergence system.The role of neck muscle proprioception on the dynamics of accommodative vergence movements was studied in normals. When the non-dominant eye was fixated on the target, stimulation of the neck muscles shortened the time constant of the accommodative vergence movement in the covered eye. These data demonstrate that extraretinal signals from neck proprioception influence not only static eye position, but also the dynamics of monocularly driven accommodative vergence movements when the non-dominant eye was the viewing eye.</p

Green consumption intention and behavior of tourists in urban and rural destinations

The current explosive growth of global consumption has caused many environmental problems, so guiding and regulating the public’s green consumption intention and behavior is an important issue. By constructing the tourist green consumption model of urban and rural tourism destinations (TAM-TPB), this paper uses the PLS-SEM method to expound the realization path and mechanism of tourists’ green consumption intention in urban and rural destinations. The TAM-TPB model provides better explanatory and predictive power for urban destinations than for rural destinations. In addition, the perceived usefulness plays a significant mediating effect, especially in urban destinations, and the green consumption attitude will not mediate or directly affect consumption intention. Finally, there is a certain gap in tourists’ green consumption intention between urban and rural destinations, but it is limited to the paths from perceived ease of use to consumption attitude and from subjective norm to consumption intention.HighlightsThe paper studies the realization path and mechanism of tourists’ green consumption intention in urban and rural tourism destinations.The paper first applies TAM to tourism green consumption field, constructing the model of TAM-TPB by PLS-SEM.The TAM-TPB model provides better explanatory and predictive power for urban destinations than for rural destinations.The green consumption attitude does not mediate or directly impact consumption intention.The findings will contribute to enrich the theoretical system of tourism green consumption research and provide practical references for the guidance of public green consumption behavior and the transformation of green consumption. The paper studies the realization path and mechanism of tourists’ green consumption intention in urban and rural tourism destinations. The paper first applies TAM to tourism green consumption field, constructing the model of TAM-TPB by PLS-SEM. The TAM-TPB model provides better explanatory and predictive power for urban destinations than for rural destinations. The green consumption attitude does not mediate or directly impact consumption intention. The findings will contribute to enrich the theoretical system of tourism green consumption research and provide practical references for the guidance of public green consumption behavior and the transformation of green consumption.</p

Presentation_1_Multidimensional Disability Evaluation and Confirmatory Analysis of Older Adults in a Home-Based Community in China.pdf

A robust multi-dimensional disability assessment standard was constructed to consider physical condition, care resources, and social interaction that might lead to disability, to provide a basis for accurate identification of care needs for older people aged 60 and above in a home-based community. Based on the “Capability approach” theory, the Alkire-Foster method was applied to assess the multidimensional disability. This was followed by the confirmatory analysis of the Seemingly Unrelated Regression Estimation. Adjusted Bourguignon and Chakravarty index was also calculated to analyze the sensitivity to further support our conclusions. We constructed a multi-dimensional disability indicator system by combining physical condition, care resources, and social interaction. Findings presented that the impairment of individuals' motor ability, ability to manage disease, cognitive psychology, and communication skills and social interaction contributed to multidimensional disability the most. And older people who are female, aged over 65, with lower BMI, living in rural areas, with a lower education level, getting more formal care, and with relatively higher creatinine, tend to face a higher risk of deprivation in overall multidimensional disability. Therefore, the targeted interventions to improve health literacy, nutrition, skill of disease management, social networks, and communication skills for older people and also timely detection of the abnormal changes in potential biomarker indicators of them is necessary to delay disability and prevent its occurrence.</p

Data_Sheet_1_Non-human and human service efficiency of long-term care facilities in China.docx

IntroductionCare services provided by long-term care facilities (LTCFs) are currently plagued by care resource shortages and insufficient utilization. The analysis on the temporal and spatial distribution of human resources and non-human resources in LTCFs, could provide a basis to optimize resource allocation and efficient use of limited resources.MethodsThis study used data envelopment analysis to comprehensively evaluate the efficiency of human and non-human resources in different time spans and regions. The spatial Markov chain and spatial correlation were also applied to explore the heterogeneity of and correlation between the service efficiency of LTCFs in different regions and then analyzes the influencing factors of efficiency using Tobit regression model.ResultsThe quantitative changes in the service efficiency of LTCFs in various provinces showed a “W” shape in two periods, ranging from 0.8 to 1.6. The overall efficiency of LTCFs in different regions had a lower probability to achieve short-term cross-stage development. Non-human resource efficiency presented a “cluster” distribution mode, demonstrating a great probability to achieve cross-stage development, which might be due to the regional disparities of economic development and land resource. Tobit regression analysis results also showed that the comprehensive efficiency of LTCFs decreases by 0.210 for every square increase in construction space variation. However, human resource efficiency had a significant spatial polarization, making it difficult to develop area linkages. The reason for this might be the nursing staff have relatively stable regional characteristics, weakening the inter-provincial spatial connection. We also found that female workers, aged between 35 and 45 can positively affect the efficiency of LTCFs. Those staff stay focused and improve their skills, which might improve the efficiency of LTCFs. So improving technology and service quality changes by increasing female workers, aged between 35 and 45, and avoiding excessive construction space changes can enhance the growth of service quality and personnel stability of LTCFs.ConclusionThere is an urgent trade-off among staff quality improvement, resource reduction, construction excessive and substantial regional variation in efficiency. Therefore, strengthening policy support to encourage inter-regional initiatives, particularly highlighting the development of human resources interaction and common development is urgent.</p

Nuclear genes associated with childhood glaucoma in published literature.

Nuclear genes associated with childhood glaucoma in published literature.</p

PRISMA flow diagram.

Many forms of childhood glaucoma have been associated with underlying genetic changes, and variants in many genes have been described. Currently, testing is variable as there are no widely accepted guidelines for testing. This systematic review aimed to summarize the literature describing genetic changes and testing practices in childhood glaucoma. This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines and registered with Prospero (ID CRD42023400467). A comprehensive review of Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane databases was performed from inception through March 2, 2023 using the search terms: (glaucoma) AND (pediatric OR childhood OR congenital OR child OR infant OR infantile) AND (gene OR genetic OR genotype OR locus OR genomic OR mutation OR variant OR test OR screen OR panel). Information was extracted regarding genetic variants including genotype-phenotype correlation. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Of 1,916 records screened, 196 studies met inclusion criteria and 53 genes were discussed. Among study populations, mean age±SD at glaucoma diagnosis was 8.94±9.54 years and 50.4% were male. The most common gene discussed was CYP1B1, evaluated in 109 (55.6%) studies. CYP1B1 variants were associated with region and population-specific prevalence ranging from 5% to 86% among those with primary congenital glaucoma. MYOC variants were discussed in 31 (15.8%) studies with prevalence up to 36% among patients with juvenile open angle glaucoma. FOXC1 variants were discussed in 25 (12.8%) studies, which demonstrated phenotypic severity dependent on degree of gene expression and type of mutation. Overall risk of bias was low; the most common domains of bias were selection and comparability. Numerous genes and genetic changes have been associated with childhood glaucoma. Understanding the most common genes as well as potential genotype-phenotype correlation has the potential to improve diagnostic and prognostic outcomes for children with glaucoma.</div

Prospero protocol.

Many forms of childhood glaucoma have been associated with underlying genetic changes, and variants in many genes have been described. Currently, testing is variable as there are no widely accepted guidelines for testing. This systematic review aimed to summarize the literature describing genetic changes and testing practices in childhood glaucoma. This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines and registered with Prospero (ID CRD42023400467). A comprehensive review of Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane databases was performed from inception through March 2, 2023 using the search terms: (glaucoma) AND (pediatric OR childhood OR congenital OR child OR infant OR infantile) AND (gene OR genetic OR genotype OR locus OR genomic OR mutation OR variant OR test OR screen OR panel). Information was extracted regarding genetic variants including genotype-phenotype correlation. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Of 1,916 records screened, 196 studies met inclusion criteria and 53 genes were discussed. Among study populations, mean age±SD at glaucoma diagnosis was 8.94±9.54 years and 50.4% were male. The most common gene discussed was CYP1B1, evaluated in 109 (55.6%) studies. CYP1B1 variants were associated with region and population-specific prevalence ranging from 5% to 86% among those with primary congenital glaucoma. MYOC variants were discussed in 31 (15.8%) studies with prevalence up to 36% among patients with juvenile open angle glaucoma. FOXC1 variants were discussed in 25 (12.8%) studies, which demonstrated phenotypic severity dependent on degree of gene expression and type of mutation. Overall risk of bias was low; the most common domains of bias were selection and comparability. Numerous genes and genetic changes have been associated with childhood glaucoma. Understanding the most common genes as well as potential genotype-phenotype correlation has the potential to improve diagnostic and prognostic outcomes for children with glaucoma.</div

Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist.

Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist.</p