Investigating the impact of IT-mediated information interruption on emotional exhaustion in the workplace

Information technology-mediated interruptions have become widespread and ubiquitous in the workplace. However, our understanding of how these interruptions and individuals’ interruption processing mechanism impact individuals’ performance, especially psychological performance, is still limited. Leveraging Conservation of Resources Theory, this study focused on two types of IT-mediated information interruptions (congruent and incongruent) and examined the moderating effects of different process mechanisms on the relationship between information interruptions and individuals’ interruption overload. A multi-methods research design was conducted in this study: a qualitative study with 20 interviews in Study 1 and a quantitative study with 345 surveys in Study 2. The results show a positive indirect effect of IT-mediated information interruption on emotional exhaustion through interruption overload. Results also review the moderation effects of different processing mechanisms. The findings of this study advance the current understanding of the “dark side” of online information behavior. Additionally, this study provides practical and theoretical implications for both employers and employees on how to process IT-mediated information interruptions in the workplace.</div

Manipulating the Collective Surface Plasmon Resonances of Aligned Gold Nanorods in Electrospun Composite Nanofibers

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is an interesting optical property that has been intensively studied in recent years. Herein, we report that the SPRs of gold nanorods (Au NRs) embedded in electrospun poly­(vinyl alcohol) nanofibrous films can be manipulated via several approaches such as the change of Au NR percentage in the composite nanofibers, swelling-induced refractive index decrease of local environment, and swelling-induced increase of inter-rod distances among the embedded Au NRs. The electrospun composite nanofibrous films exhibit excellent sensing ability to the swelling solvents with short responsible time and remarkable reversibility. This study advances the fundamental understandings of plasmonic properties for electrospun composite nanofibrous films; thus, it can benefit the novel design of smart nanomaterials for broad sensing and nanophotonic applications

Optical Printing of Electrodynamically Coupled Metallic Nanoparticle Arrays

Optical forces acting on metallic nanoparticles can be used to organize mesoscale arrays for various applications. Here, we show that silver nanoparticles can be deposited as ordered arrays and chains on chemically modified substrates using a simple and facile optical trapping approach that we term “optical printing”. The deposited patterns show preferred separations between nanoparticles resulting from their electrodynamic coupling (i.e., optical binding) in the electromagnetic field of the optical trapping beam. Centrosymmetric optical traps readily allow simultaneous deposition of nanoparticle pairs and triples maintaining the interparticle geometries present in solution. Repositioning an optical line trap with small intercolumn separations allows selectively sampling low and high energy parts of the interparticle potentials. We find that the preferred particle arrangements controllably change from rectangular and triangular to near-field aggregates as one forces the separation to be small. The separation affects the interactions. Interpretation of the results is facilitated by electrodynamic simulations of optical forces. This optical printing approach, which enables efficient fabrication of dense nanoparticle arrays with nanoscale positional precision, is being employed for quantum optics and enhanced sensing measurements

Self-Organizing Arrays of Size Scalable Nanoparticle Rings

A central challenge in nano- and mesoscale materials research is facile formation of specific structures for catalysis, sensing, and photonics. Self-assembled equilibrium structures, such as three-dimensional crystals or ordered monolayers, form as a result of the interactions of the constituents. Other structures can be achieved by imposing forces (fields) and/or boundary conditions, which Whitesides termed “self-organization”. Here, we demonstrate contact line pinning on locally curved surfaces (<i>i</i>.<i>e</i>., a self-assembled monolayer of SiO₂ colloidal particles) as a boundary condition to create extended arrays of uniform rings of Au nanoparticles (NPs) on the SiO₂ colloids. The mechanism differs from the well-known “coffee-ring” effect; here the functionalized NPs deposit at the contact line and are not driven by evaporative transport. Thus, NP ring formation depends on the hydrophobicity and wetting of the SiO₂ colloids by the chloroform solution, ligands on the NPs, and temperature. The NP rings exhibit size scaling behavior, maintaining a constant ratio of NP ring-to-colloid diameter (from 300 nm to 2 μm). The resultant high-quality NP ring structures are expected to have interesting photonic properties

Self-Organizing Arrays of Size Scalable Nanoparticle Rings

A central challenge in nano- and mesoscale materials research is facile formation of specific structures for catalysis, sensing, and photonics. Self-assembled equilibrium structures, such as three-dimensional crystals or ordered monolayers, form as a result of the interactions of the constituents. Other structures can be achieved by imposing forces (fields) and/or boundary conditions, which Whitesides termed “self-organization”. Here, we demonstrate contact line pinning on locally curved surfaces (<i>i</i>.<i>e</i>., a self-assembled monolayer of SiO₂ colloidal particles) as a boundary condition to create extended arrays of uniform rings of Au nanoparticles (NPs) on the SiO₂ colloids. The mechanism differs from the well-known “coffee-ring” effect; here the functionalized NPs deposit at the contact line and are not driven by evaporative transport. Thus, NP ring formation depends on the hydrophobicity and wetting of the SiO₂ colloids by the chloroform solution, ligands on the NPs, and temperature. The NP rings exhibit size scaling behavior, maintaining a constant ratio of NP ring-to-colloid diameter (from 300 nm to 2 μm). The resultant high-quality NP ring structures are expected to have interesting photonic properties

Solid–Liquid Phase Equilibrium and Mixing Properties of Cloxacillin Benzathine in Pure and Mixed Solvents

Experimental solubility data of cloxacillin benzathine in pure solvents and binary solvent mixtures from 278.15 to 313.15 K were measured using a multiple reactor setup. The measured data in pure solvents were correlated by the van’t Hoff equation, modified Apelblat equation, <i>λh</i> equation, Wilson model, and NRTL model, and the Wilson model showed the best agreement. Thus, the activity coefficients of cloxacillin benzathine as well as the mixing Gibbs free energies, enthalpies, and entropies of the solutions were predicted with the correlation of experimental data based on the Wilson model. Some other properties were also estimated, including the infinite-dilution activity coefficients and excess enthalpies in pure solvents. The solubility data in binary solvent mixtures as a function of solvent composition were correlated by the Wilson model. The negative values of the calculated partial molar Gibbs free energies indicated the variation trend of the solubility

Wet milling, seeding, and ultrasound in the optimization of the oiling-out crystallization process

Complicated solution environments in oiling-out crystallization can lead to particle agglomeration with large size distribution and low purity of the products, due to complex interactions among two liquid phases and one solid phase during the oiling out crystallization. This research mainly focuses on optimization of size distribution by control particle agglomeration during the oiling-out crystallization process in model system of propyl paraben-ethanol-water. Nucleation-control technologies, wet milling, seeding and ultrasound were investigated to limit the agglomeration. Further investigations of wet milling was applied before the nucleation or in the crystal growth process with different geometries, such as the coarse, medium and fine rotor-stator tooth pairs. An integrated process analytical technology tools (PAT) array, including focused beam reflectance measurement (FBRM), particle visual monitoring(PVM), 2 and attenuated total reflectance ultraviolet/visible(ATR-UV/vis), was used to observe the droplet formation of the dispersed phase, size distributions, particle shapes during the nucleation and crystal growth. The results demonstrate that wet milling, seeding and ultrasound technologies can help to the control of the particle size distribution in the complex solution environments with different levels of efficiencie

The graphical illustration of the DID model setting used in this study.

The graphical illustration of the DID model setting used in this study.</p

Changes in number of vaccinations in response to the vaccine scandal and ethical and socioeconomic subsample analysis.

Changes in number of vaccinations in response to the vaccine scandal and ethical and socioeconomic subsample analysis.</p

Dynamics of the Optically Directed Assembly and Disassembly of Gold Nanoplatelet Arrays

The tremendous progress in nanoscience now allows the creation of static nanostructured materials for a broad range of applications. A further goal is to achieve dynamic and reconfigurable nanostructures. One approach involves nanoparticle-based optical matter, but so far, studies have only considered spherical constituents. A nontrivial issue is that nanoparticles with other shapes are expected to have different local electromagnetic field distributions and interactions with neighbors in optical-matter arrays. Therefore, one would expect their dynamics to be different as well. This paper reports the directed assembly of ordered arrays of gold nanoplatelets in optical line traps, demonstrating the reconfigurability of the array by altering the phase gradient via holographic-beam shaping. The weaker gradient forces and resultant slower motion of the nanoplatelets, as compared with plasmonic (Ag and Au) nanospheres, allow the precise study of their assembly and disassembly dynamics. Both temporal and spatial correlations are detected between particles separated by distances of hundreds of nanometers to several microns. Electrodynamics simulations reveal the presence of multipolar plasmon modes that induce short-range (near-field) and longer-range electrodynamic (e.g., optical binding) interactions. These interactions and the interferences between mutipolar plamon modes cause both the strong correlations and the nonuniform dynamics observed. Our study demonstrates new opportunities for the generation of complex addressable optical matter and the creation of novel active optical technology