Table_1_Elucidating the Molecular Mechanism of Ischemic Stroke Using Integrated Analysis of miRNA, mRNA, and lncRNA Expression Profiles.DOCX

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the possible molecular mechanisms associated with ischemic stroke through the construction of a lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network. miRNA expression profile in GSE55937, mRNA and lncRNA expression profiles in GSE122709, and mRNA expression profile in GSE146882 were downloaded from the NCBI GEO database. After the identification of the differentially expressed miRNA, lncRNA, and mRNA using GSE55937 and GSE122709 in ischemic stroke vs. control groups, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed. The lncRNA-miRNA, lncRNA-mRNA, and miRNA-mRNA pairs were predicted, and a lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network was constructed. Additionally, the gene-drug interactions were predicted. Characteristic genes were used to construct a support vector machine (SVM) model and verified using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. In total 38 miRNAs, 115 lncRNAs, and 990 mRNAs were identified between ischemic stroke and control groups. A PPI network with 371 nodes and 2306 interaction relationships was constructed. The constructed lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network contained 7 mRNAs, 14 lncRNAs, such as SND1-IT1, NAPA-AS1, LINC01001, LUCAT1, and ASAP1-IT2, and 8 miRNAs, such as miR-93-3p and miR-24-3p. The drug action analysis of the seven differential mRNAs included in the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network showed that four genes (GPR17, ADORA1, OPRM1 and LPAR3) were predicted as molecular targets of drugs. The area under the curve of the constructed SVM model was 0.886. The verification results of the relative expression of RNA by qRT-PCR were consistent with the results of bioinformatics analysis. LPAR3, ADORA1, GPR17, and OPRM1 may serve as therapeutic targets of ischemic stroke. lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory axis such as SND1-IT1/NAPA-AS1/LINC01001-miR-24-3p-LPAR3/ADORA1 and LUCAT1/ASAP1-IT2-miR-93-3p-GPR17 may play important roles in the progression of ischemic stroke.</p

Data_Sheet_1_Balloon Angioplasty vs. Stenting for Symptomatic Intracranial Arterial Stenosis.docx

AimsWe performed a meta-analysis to indirectly compare the treatment effectiveness of balloon angioplasty and stenting for patients with intracranial arterial stenosis.MethodsLiterature searches were performed in well-known databases to identify eligible studies published before January 04, 2021. The incidence of restenosis, transient ischemic attack (TIA), stroke, death, and dissection after balloon angioplasty or stenting were pooled. An indirect comparison of balloon angioplasty vs. stenting was performed, and the ratios of incidence (RIs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using the random-effects model.Results120 studies that recruited 10,107 patients with intracranial arterial stenosis were included. The pooled incidence of restenosis after balloon angioplasty and stenting were 13% (95%CI: 8-17%) and 11% (95%CI: 9-13%), respectively, with no significant difference between them (RI: 1.18; 95%CI: 0.78–1.80; P = 0.435). Moreover, the pooled incidence of TIA after balloon angioplasty and stenting was 3% (95%CI: 0–6%) and 4% (95%CI: 3%-5%), and no significant difference was observed (RI: 0.75; 95%CI: 0.01–58.53; P = 0.897). The pooled incidence of stroke after balloon angioplasty and stenting was 7% (95%CI: 5–9%) and 8% (95%CI: 7–9%), respectively, and the difference between groups was found to be statistically insignificant (RI: 0.88; 95%CI: 0.64–1.20; P = 0.413). Additionally, the pooled incidence of death after balloon angioplasty and stenting was 2% (95%CI: 1–4%) and 2% (95%CI: 1–2%), with no significant difference between groups (RI: 1.00; 95%CI: 0.44–2.27; P = 1.000). Finally, the pooled incidence of dissection after balloon angioplasty and stenting was 13% (95%CI: 5–22%) and 3% (95%CI: 2–5%), respectively, and balloon angioplasty was associated with a higher risk of dissection than that with stenting for patients with intracranial arterial stenosis (RI: 4.33; 95%CI: 1.81–10.35; P = 0.001).ConclusionThis study found that the treatment effectiveness of balloon angioplasty and stenting were similar for patients with symptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis.</p

Number of ileal bacteria in healthy and diseased dogs.

Number of ileal bacteria in healthy and diseased dogs.</p

Dog cohort demographics.

<p>Canine cohort demographics with regards to age, gender, breed, and diet at the time of endoscopic biopsy.</p

Spatial distribution of the number of ileal bacteria based on FISH.

Spatial distribution of the number of ileal bacteria based on FISH.</p

Spatial distribution of the number of colonic bacteria based on FISH.

<p>Spatial distribution of the number of colonic bacteria based on FISH.</p

Probes used for fluorescence in situ hybridization.

<p>Probes used for in situ bacterial identification.</p

FISH of canine endoscopic biopsies.

<p>Triple color FISH identifies bacterial organisms within different mucosal compartments of endoscopic ileal and colonic biopsies obtained from healthy dogs. Panel A = colon biopsy hybridized with Cy3-Ebac1790; Panel B = colon biopsy hybridized with Cy3-Bac303; Panel C = ileum hybridized with Cy3-Ebac1790; and Panel D = ileum hybridized with Cy3-Ec (<i>E</i>. <i>coli</i>). All other bacteria that hybridize exclusively with the universal probe (Eub338-FITC) appear green. DAPI-stained colonic mucosa with goblet cells appears blue. FM = free mucus; AM = adherent mucus.</p

FISH of canine endoscopic biopsies.

<p>Triple color FISH identifies bacterial organisms present in biofilms adherent to the colonic epithelia in dogs with inflammatory bowel disease (A), granulomatous colitis (B), and colorectal cancer (C). <i>Bacteroides</i> (Bac303-Cy3 probe–panel A), <i>E</i>. <i>coli</i> (Ec-Cy3 probe–panel B), and <i>Eubacterium rectale</i> (Erec482-Cy3 –panel C) populations appear orange against green and blue backgrounds. All other bacteria that hybridize exclusively with the universal probe (Eub338-FITC) appear green. DAPI-stained colonic mucosa with goblet cells appears blue.</p

Clinical characteristics of dogs studied.

<p>CIBDAI = canine IBD activity index with score reported at diagnosis.</p