Global heat wave records from 1971 to 2100

A long-term global heat wave record dataset was constructed using three historical hourly climate data of CRU-JRA, ERA5 and GLDAS and future daily climate data of GFDL-ESM4 under three SSPS (Shared Socioeconomic Pathways). These datasets are based on constant thresholds over 35 °C, percentile thresholds over 90%, and duration thresholds over 3 days. The Python file is the source code for the Global Heat Wave Toolbox, which can be used to generate heat wave records based on custom thresholds

Anion Recognition Triggered Nanoribbon-Like Self-Assembly: A Fluorescent Chemosensor for Nitrate in Acidic Aqueous Solution and Living Cells

A water-soluble π-conjugated bispyridinium phenylenevinylene-based fluorogenic probe has been developed as a novel fluorescent chemosensor for highly selective, sensitive, and rapid detection of NO₃^– anion in acidic aqueous media. This system self-assembles to a nanoribbon as a result of ionic interaction. The positively charged chemosensor generates a nearly instantaneous significant fluorescence signal (475 vs 605 nm) in response to NO₃^– in the green/yellow spectral region, with a large Stokes shift (130 nm). The fluorescence changes can be attributed to the self-aggregation of the sensor triggered by ionic interaction, which occurs as a consequence of the subtle cooperation of electrostatic ionic bonding, van der Waals forces, and π-stacking of the π-conjugated aromatic moieties. Importantly, this chemosensor has been employed for the first time for the fluorescence detection of intracellular NO₃^– anion in cultured cells

Supplementary document for Resonance fluorescence engineering in hybrid systems consist of biexciton quantum dots and anisotropic metasurfaces - 5839256.pdf

The optical response of the black phosphorus metasurfaces and the isofrequency contours of the surface plasmon modes. The Purcell factor in the isotropic topological dispersion case is also included

Dipole blockade without dipole-dipole interaction

The dipole blockade phenomenon is a direct consequence of strong dipole-dipole interaction, where only single atom can be excited because the doubly excited state is shifted out of resonance. The corresponding two-body entanglement with non-zero concurrence induced by the dipole blockade effect is an important resource for quantum information processing. Here, we propose a novel physical mechanism for realizing dipole blockade without the dipole-dipole interaction, where two qubits coupled to a cavity, are driven by a coherent field. By suitably chosen placements of the qubits in the cavity and by adjusting the relative decay strengths of the qubits and cavity field, we kill many unwanted excitation pathways. This leads to dipole blockade. In addition, we show that these two qubits are strongly entangled over a broad regime of the system parameters. We show that a strong signature of this dipole blockade is the bunching property of the cavity photons which thus provides a possible measurement of the dipole blockade. We present dynamical features of the dipole blockade without dipole-dipole interaction. The proposal presented in this work can be realized not only in traditional cavity QED, but also in non-cavity topological photonics involving edge modes

Data_Sheet_1_Effects of emotion words activation and satiation on facial expression perception: evidence from behavioral and ERP investigations.DOCX

ObjectiveThe present study investigated the impact of emotion concepts obtained from external environmental experiences on the perception of facial expressions by manipulating the activation and satiation of emotion words, which was based on the argument between basic emotion theory and constructed emotion theory.MethodsExperiment 1 explored the effects of emotion activation on happy, disgusted, emotion-label words and emotion-laden words in a facial expression judgment task through behavioral experimentation. Experiment 2 explored the effect of semantic satiation on emotion-label words and emotion-laden words using the event-related potential technique.ResultsExperiment 1 found that facial expression perception was influenced by both types of emotion words and showed a significant emotional consistency effect. Experiment 2 found that N170 exhibited a more negative amplitude in the consistent condition compared to the inconsistent condition in the right hemisphere. More importantly, in the later stage of facial expression processing, emotion-label words and emotion-laden words both obstructed the perception of disgusted facial expressions and elicited more negative N400 amplitude in the emotion consistency condition, showing a reversed N400 effect.ConclusionThese results suggested that emotion concepts in the form of language influenced the perception of facial expressions, but there were differences between happy and disgusted faces. Disgusted faces were more dependent on emotion concept information and showed different performances in semantic activation and satiation conditions.</p

Recovery of adult worms, muscle larvae and newborn larvae of <i>T. spiralis</i> from mice infected with larvae transfected with siRNA1743 by electroporation.

*<p><i>p</i><0.05 compared with the control siRNA-treated group.</p

The silencing of <i>Ts-</i>PMY protein expression mediated by siRNA or dsRNA.

<p>Western blot with specific antibodies showing the specific inhibition of <i>Ts</i>-PMY protein expression in extracts of <i>T. spiralis</i> larvae (A, B) and adult worms (C, D) induced by dsRNA-PF3 (A, C) or siRNA1743 (B, D). Graphs on the right show the relative protein levels measured by densitometry from three independent experiments. *<i>p</i><0.05 compared with the control dsRNA/siRNA-treated group.</p

The silencing of <i>Ts-pmy</i> mRNA mediated by dsRNA.

<p>The relative level of <i>Ts-pmy</i> mRNA expression in larvae soaked with different dsRNAs (50 ng/µl) for 6 days (A). The relative level of <i>Ts-pmy</i> mRNA in larvae following electroporation or soaking with various concentrations of dsRNA-PF3 for 6 days, as measured with qRT-PCR (B). Specific suppression of <i>Ts-pmy</i> and <i>Ts</i>87 mRNA expression in larvae 6 days after being soaked with 50 ng/µl dsRNA-PF3 or <i>Ts</i>87 dsRNA (C). All of the assays were performed in triplicate, and the data are presented as the mean ± SE. *<i>p</i><0.05 compared with the control dsRNA-treated group.</p

The silencing of <i>Ts-pmy</i> mRNA mediated by siRNA.

<p>The adult and larval <i>T. spiralis</i> were transfected with FITC-labeled control siRNA by electroporation (A). Uptake of FITC-labeled siRNA into adult worms (a) and larvae (b) 18 hours after electroporation under a fluorescent microscope. No fluorescence was observed in the untreated group (c). The relative levels of <i>Ts-pmy</i> mRNA in parasites (larvae and adults) 6 days after being electroporated with different siRNAs, as determined with qRT-PCR (B). All of the assays were performed in triplicate, and the data are presented as the mean ± SE. *<i>p</i><0.05 compared with control siRNA.</p

Silencing of the reporter gene <i>URA5-miRs</i>.

<p>(A) The upper panels show a slower growth rate of the transformants of <i>URA5-miR1</i> (two transformants was picked in each case, namely, miR1-1 and miR1-2), and <i>URA5-miR2</i> (miR2-1 and miR2-2), than the wild type B4500, and the transformants of miR1-m (<i>i.e.</i> miR1-m1 and m2) and miR2-m, on MIN agar supplemented with 100 µg/ml hygromycin B, no hygromycin for B4500 and B4500FOA. The negative control B4500FOA (<i>ura5</i>) did not grow on MIN. On MINFOA (the bottom panels), the wild type strains and transformants of miR1-m and miR2-m were killed by FOA. Transformants containing miR1 and miR2, as well as <i>ura5</i>⁻ strain B4500FOA grew properly. MIN: minimal medium, and MINFOA: minimal medium with 5-FOA and 50 mg/l uracil. For selection of transformants, 100 µg/ml hygromycin B was added to MIN or MINFOA when needed. (B) Reverse transcription-PCR confirmed the decreased mRNA level of <i>URA5</i> in <i>URA5-miR</i> transformants. <i>URA5</i> mRNA levels in the wild type and in the transformants of miR-ms were close to each other. In each assay, two transformants were picked for double examination. (C) A semi-quantification of <i>URA5</i> mRNA to <i>ACT1</i> mRNA in the strains in (B).</p