Quantum Dynamics Study of the C(¹D) + HD Reaction on the ã¹A′ and b̃¹A″ Potential Energy Surfaces

We present an in-depth theoretical study of the C­(1D) + HD (v = 0, j = 0) → CD (CH) (v′, j′) + H (D) reaction using a time-dependent wave packet method with full Coriolis coupling on the Zhang–Ma–Bian potential energy surfaces (PESs) recently constructed by our group. The integral cross sections (ICS), differential cross sections, CD/CH branching ratios, and product state distributions are calculated over a wide range of collision energies. We find that the vibrational branching ratio defined as ICS­(v′=1)/ICS­(v′=0) obtained from the b̃1A″ PES is much smaller than that from the ã1A′ PES for both product channels, which may be attributed to the dynamical effects of the conical intersection regulated (CI-R) intermediate on the b̃1A″ PES. The collision energy dependence of CD/CH branching ratios displays oscillatory structures, which may be caused by the resonance states supported by the wells on the PESs. The high-temperature rate coefficients are also obtained and compared with previous results. The role of the excited-state PESs is also discussed

Discovery of Glycosyltransferases Involved in the Biosynthesis of Ligupurpuroside B

In this study, we report the characterization of three glycosyltransferases involved in the biosynthesis of ligupurpuroside B, a complex acylated phenolic glycoside in Ligustrum robustum. UGT85AF8 catalyzed the formation of salidroside from tyrosol. UGT79G7, an osmanthuside A 1,3-rhamnosyltransferase, and UGT79A19, an osmanthuside B 1,4-rhamnosyltransferase, sequentially converted osmanthuside A into ligupurpuroside B. Orthologs of UGT79G7 were also discovered from other plants producing verbascoside. These rhamnosyltransferases expand the toolbox for the biosynthesis of natural products with various sugar chains

Visible-Light-Induced Intramolecular C(sp²)–H Amination and Aziridination of Azidoformates via a Triplet Nitrene Pathway

Catalytic intramolecular C–H amination and aziridination reactions of <i>o</i>-allylphenyl azidoformates have been achieved under visible-light irradiation, providing a mild, clean, and efficient method for the synthesis of useful benzoxazolones and [5.1.0] bicyclic aziridines. Mechanistic studies suggest that a triplet nitrene acts as the reactive intermediate. The chemoselectivity of the reaction, with alkyl olefin aziridination ≫ electron deficient olefin aziridination ≈ C­(sp²)–H amination ≫ C­(sp³)–H amination was observed, which may be instructive in the development of an understanding of visible-light-induced triplet nitrene transformation reactions

Pd-Catalyzed Cascade Cyclization/Thiocarbonylation with Thioformates: Synthesis of Thioester-Functionalized Oxindoles

A Pd-catalyzed thiocarbonylative cyclization of N-(o-iodoaryl)­acrylamides with easily accessible thioformates has been developed. The reaction has a wide substrate scope with good yields and represents a powerful route to the synthesis of thioester-functionalized oxindoles. Both S-aryl and alkyl thioformates as the thioester sources were well tolerated. The active Pd–CO intermediate may play an important role in the transformation process

Additional file 2 of Hyb4mC: a hybrid DNA2vec-based model for DNA N4-methylcytosine sites prediction

Additional file 2: An example of the matrix output by the Attention layer

Additional file 3 of Hyb4mC: a hybrid DNA2vec-based model for DNA N4-methylcytosine sites prediction

Additional file 3: An example of the matrix output by the Sitecaps layer

Additional file 1 of Hyb4mC: a hybrid DNA2vec-based model for DNA N4-methylcytosine sites prediction

Additional file 1: Supplementary materials for Hyb4mC

MOESM9 of Genome-wide identification and expression profiling of glutathione transferase gene family under multiple stresses and hormone treatments in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Additional file 9. Syntenic relationships of GST genes between wheat and rice. The information of TaGST genes and OsGST genes with syntenic relationships including gene name, gene ID, chromosomal number and locations was listed

MOESM10 of Genome-wide identification and expression profiling of glutathione transferase gene family under multiple stresses and hormone treatments in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Additional file 10. The expression levels of TaGST genes involved in 15 tissues

<i>De Novo</i> Transcriptomic Analysis of Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes from the Chinese Goose: Gene Discovery and Immune System Pathway Description

<div><p>Background</p><p>The Chinese goose is one of the most economically important poultry birds and is a natural reservoir for many avian viruses. However, the nature and regulation of the innate and adaptive immune systems of this waterfowl species are not completely understood due to limited information on the goose genome. Recently, transcriptome sequencing technology was applied in the genomic studies focused on novel gene discovery. Thus, this study described the transcriptome of the goose peripheral blood lymphocytes to identify immunity relevant genes.</p><p>Principal Findings</p><p><i>De novo</i> transcriptome assembly of the goose peripheral blood lymphocytes was sequenced by Illumina-Solexa technology. In total, 211,198 unigenes were assembled from the 69.36 million cleaned reads. The average length, N50 size and the maximum length of the assembled unigenes were 687 bp, 1,298 bp and 18,992 bp, respectively. A total of 36,854 unigenes showed similarity by BLAST search against the NCBI non-redundant (Nr) protein database. For functional classification, 163,161 unigenes were comprised of three Gene Ontology (Go) categories and 67 subcategories. A total of 15,334 unigenes were annotated into 25 eukaryotic orthologous groups (KOGs) categories. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database annotated 39,585 unigenes into six biological functional groups and 308 pathways. Among the 2,757 unigenes that participated in the 15 immune system KEGG pathways, 125 of the most important immune relevant genes were summarized and analyzed by STRING analysis to identify gene interactions and relationships. Moreover, 10 genes were confirmed by PCR and analyzed. Of these 125 unigenes, 109 unigenes, approximately 87%, were not previously identified in the goose.</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>This <i>de novo</i> transcriptome analysis could provide important Chinese goose sequence information and highlights the value of new gene discovery, pathways investigation and immune system gene identification, and comparison with other avian species as useful tools to understand the goose immune system.</p></div