Supplemental Material - Effect of size and morphology of functionalized upconversion nanoparticle labeled probe on stem cell absorption

Supplemantal Material for Effect of size and morphology of functionalized upconversion nanoparticle labeled probe on stem cell absorption by Yanan Liu, Chuping Zheng and J Liu in Journal of Biomaterials Applications.</p

Table_1_Automatic Generation of Number Series Reasoning Items of High Difficulty.DOCX

Number series reasoning items have been frequently used in educational assessment. This study reviewed the previous literature investigating features relating to item difficulty and developed a new automatic generator for number series reasoning items. Ninety-two items were generated and administered to 466 students. The results showed that the test achieved acceptable reliability. Items requiring two arithmetic operations were of particularly high difficulty. All stimulus features implemented in the automatic item generator proved to be significant predictors of item difficulty, explaining 77% of the total variance. This suggests that the automatic number series reasoning item generator was capable of generating items of considerably predictable difficulty. More importantly, the resulting items covered a wide range of difficulty levels, meeting the particular need for items of high difficulty.</p

Iridium Oxide-Doped Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles for Chemodynamic Therapy of Cancer

Chemodynamic therapy (CDT), a non-invasive cancer treatment strategy, selectively induces cancer cell death without harming normal cells. However, CDT’s efficacy is limited by the inadequate levels of endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in tumor cells and the powerful antioxidant system glutathione (GSH). To overcome this obstacle, the study introduces a nanointelligent platform (IrOx-CaP@PTX NPs) incorporating paclitaxel (PTX), a cytotoxic agent, employing glucose oxidase (GOx) as a scaffold to generate degradable calcium phosphate (CaP) nanoparticles doped with iridium oxide (IrOx) via physisorption. To stabilize the nanosystems and enable them to target tumor cells, hyaluronic acid (HA) was finally modified on their surface. By conducting both in vitro and in vivo experiments, it was revealed that GOx functioned as an enzymatic accelerator, producing H2O2 and gluconic acid through glucose metabolism within cancerous cells. This process starved the tumor cells but also provided a continuous supply of H2O2 and an acidic environment for the subsequent CDT. Furthermore, the released IrOx used its peroxidase activity (POD) to generate hydroxyl radicals (•OH) from H2O2 and consume intracellular reducing GSH through its valence exchange, thus further enhancing the efficacy of CDT. Finally, PTX acted synergistically with CDT as a chemotherapeutic agent for treatment. In summary, the IrOx-CaP@PTX NPs accomplished a multimodal treatment strategy encompassing GOx-mediated metabolic restriction, self-generation of H2O2, enhanced elimination of GSH for improved CDT, and PTX-induced chemotherapy. This comprehensive approach demonstrated superior tumor growth inhibition and reduced adverse effects in vivo studies. In conclusion, this study provides a non-invasive therapeutic strategy for the synergistic treatment of cancer

Additional file 3 of Construction of a 10-gene prognostic score model of predicting recurrence for laryngeal cancer

Additional file 3. Screening of prognosis-related differentially expressed genes using univariate Cox regression analysis

S1 Checklist -

BackgroundThe present study aimed to evaluate the synergistic impact of acute heart failure (AHF) and acute kidney injury (AKI) on in-hospital mortality in critically ill patients with sepsis.MethodsWe undertook a retrospective, observational analysis using data acquired from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-IV (MIMIC-IV) database and eICU Collaborative Research Database (eICU-CRD). The effects of AKI and AHF on in-hospital mortality were examined using a Cox proportional hazards model. Additive interactions were analyzed using the relative extra risk attributable to interaction.ResultsA total of 33,184 patients were eventually included, comprising 20,626 patients in the training cohort collected from the MIMIC-IV database and 12,558 patients in the validation cohort extracted from the eICU-CRD database. After multivariate Cox analysis, the independent variables for in-hospital mortality included: AHF only (HR:1.20, 95% CI:1.02–1.41, P = 0.005), AKI only (HR:2.10, 95% CI:1.91–2.31, P ConclusionOur data demonstrated a synergistic relationship of AHF and AKI on in-hospital mortality in critically unwell patients with sepsis.</div

Exploration of the heterogeneity and interaction of epithelial cells and NK/T-cells in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma based on single-cell RNA sequencing data

Abstract Objectives We aimed to explore the heterogeneity and differentiation trajectories of epithelial cells and NK/T-cells in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (LSCC). Methods We downloaded the GSE150321 data set containing LSCC01 and LSCC02 samples single cell RNA data from Gene Expression Omnibus. The UMAP analysis was performed to identify the cell subpopulations and cell locations of subpopulations. Seurat package was used to analyze the differential expression of genes. The function of differential expression genes was analyzed using DAVID database. The monocle2 package was used to analyze differentiation trajectories. We used the CellChat package to observe the signaling pathways and ligand-receptor pairs for epithelial cells and NK/T-cells. Results All the LSCC cells were divided into 16 subpopulation that included 7 epithelial cell subsets, 3 T-cell subsets. The function analysis indicated that epithelial cells and NK/T-cells mainly participated in different process, such as cell cycle, immune response, and cell migration. Then, the results of differentiation trajectory indicated that the ability of migration, and the activation of the immune system increases, while the ability of apoptosis, and glucose metabolic process decreases as pseudotime. Migration-related epithelial cells act on all T-cells via the CNTN2-CNTN2 ligand-receptor pair, which suggested that CNTN2 might be an important biomarker for regulating migration of epithelial cells. Conclusions Our study characterized the heterogeneity of LSCC, which provided novel insights into LSCC and identified a new mechanism and target for clinical LSCC threapies. Evidence IV.</div

DataSheet1_The Distribution Characteristics and Human Health Risks of High- Fluorine Groundwater in Coastal Plain: A Case Study in Southern Laizhou Bay, China.docx

High-F groundwater has caused serious human health problems worldwide. In this paper, a typical saline-fresh water mixing zone (SFMZ) in a coastal plain (south of Laizhou Bay, China) was chosen as an example to analyze and summarize the distribution characteristics and enrichment mechanism human health risks of high-fluorine groundwater. Thirty-two groundwater samples have F- concentrations that exceed the drinking water guideline value of the World Health Organization (WHO; 1.5 mg/L), Thirty-two groundwater samples exceeded the drinking water guideline value of the WHO (1.5 mg/L) and 43 groundwater samples exceeded the National Sanitary Standard for drinking water of China (1.0 mg/L), accounting for 68.1 and 91.5% of the total groundwater samples. The groundwater quality is relatively poor in this study area, and the water is unsuitable for human consumption. High-F groundwater is mainly found in the central and northern parts of the study area, and the concentrations increase in the direction of water flow. High-F groundwater is mainly found in the central and northern parts of the study area, and the concentrations increase in the direction of water flow. According to the analysis, the groundwater environment, saline water intrusion (SWI), evaporation and cation exchange are the main factors influencing the enrichment of F in the SFMZ. The neutral and weakly alkaline environment is conducive to the enrichment of F-. Cation exchange and evaporation are the most important factors in the enrichment of F. Human activity is not the main source of groundwater F. Na+ and HCO3− are adequately abundant in the groundwater environment in the study area, creating conditions that are conducive to the dissolution of fluorite and the release of F into the groundwater. An increase in the Na+ concentration and a decrease in the Ca2+ concentration can promote further dissolution of fluorite and other F-containing minerals, thereby releasing F- into the groundwater. Fluorite dissolution is prevalent in the groundwater environment, which can lead to an increase in the F concentration. This study is helpful to the development of strategies for the integrated management of high-F groundwater in coastal plains. The health risk assessment shows that long-term exposure to high-F groundwater can pose a great threat to four age clusters, especially for children and infants. The HQ values for shallow groundwater range from 0.32 to 2.89, 0.39 to 3.61, 0.56 to 5.11, and 0.42 to 3.85 for adults, teenagers, children and infants, respectively. The groundwater in this study area is not for irrigation and animal husbandry, which may indirectly affect human health.</p

The baseline characteristics of all patients in validation cohort categorized by AHF and AKI.

The baseline characteristics of all patients in validation cohort categorized by AHF and AKI.</p

The basic demographic and outcomes of all patients in training cohort categorized by AHF and AKI.

The basic demographic and outcomes of all patients in training cohort categorized by AHF and AKI.</p

Measures for estimation of biological interaction between AHF and AKI for the risk of in-hospital mortality in patients with sepsis.

Measures for estimation of biological interaction between AHF and AKI for the risk of in-hospital mortality in patients with sepsis.</p