Presentation_1_Effects of Phospholipase Dε Overexpression on Soybean Response to Nitrogen and Nodulation.PPTX

Nitrogen is a key macronutrient to plant growth. We found previously that increased expression of phospholipase Dε (PLDε), which hydrolyzes phospholipids into phosphatidic acid (PA), enhanced plant growth under nitrogen deficiency in Brassicaceae species Arabidopsis and canola. The present study investigated the effect of AtPLDε-overexpression (OE) on soybean (Glycine max), a species capable of symbiotic nitrogen fixation. AtPLDε-OE soybean plants displayed increased root length and leaf size, and the effect of AtPLDε-ΟΕ on leaf size was greater under nitrogen-deficient than -sufficient condition. Under nitrogen deficiency, AtPLDε-OE soybean plants had a higher chlorophyll content and activity of nitrogen assimilation-related enzymes than wild-type soybean plants. AtPLDε-OE led to a higher level of specific PA species in roots after rhizobium inoculation than wild type. AtPLDε-OE soybean plants also increased seed production under nitrogen deprivation with and without nodulation and decreased seed germination in response to high humidity storage and artificial aging. These results suggest that PLDε promotes nitrogen response and affects adversely seed viability during storage.</p

Effect of application of <i>Curvularia eragrostidis on Digitaria sanguinalis</i> grown in pots.

<p>CK: Control, sprayed with water, S: Sprayed with water containing 1×10⁶ conidia mL⁻¹. The photograph was taken seven days after plants were sprayed.</p

Differential Gene Expression for <i>Curvularia eragrostidis</i> Pathogenic Incidence in Crabgrass (<i>Digitaria sanguinalis</i>) Revealed by cDNA-AFLP Analysis

<div><p>Gene expression profiles of <i>Digitaria sanguinalis</i> infected by <i>Curvularia eragrostidis</i> strain QZ-2000 at two concentrations of conidia and two dew durations were analyzed by cDNA amplified fragment length polymorphisms (cDNA-AFLP). Inoculum strength was more determinant of gene expression than dew duration. A total of 256 primer combinations were used for selective amplification and 1214 transcript-derived fragments (TDFs) were selected for their differential expression. Of these, 518 up-regulated differentially expressed TDFs were identified. Forty-six differential cDNA fragments were chosen to be cloned and 35 of them were successfully cloned and sequenced, of which 25 were homologous to genes of known function according to the GenBank database. Only 6 genes were up-regulated in <i>Curvularia eragrostidis</i>-inoculated <i>D. sanguinalis</i>, with functions involved in signal transduction, energy metabolism, cell growth and development, stress responses, abscisic acid biosynthesis and response. It appears that a few pathways may be important parts of the pathogenic strategy of <i>C.</i><i>eragrostidis</i> strain QZ-2000 on <i>D. sanguinalis</i>. Our study provides the fundamentals to further study the pathogenic mechanism, screen for optimal <i>C. eragrostidis</i> strains as potential mycoherbicide and apply this product to control <i>D.</i><i>sanguinalis</i>.</p></div

Molecular cloning and sequencing analysis differentially expressed TDFs.

<p>Molecular cloning and sequencing analysis differentially expressed TDFs.</p

RT-PCR verification of selected TDFs.

<p>RT-PCR verification of selected TDFs.</p

Primers for rt-PCR analysis.

<p>Primers for rt-PCR analysis.</p

Dendrogram of effects of <i>Curvularia eragrostidis</i> on crabgrass based on UPGMA analysis of gene expression using cDNA-AFLP by NYSYS2.0.

<p>CK, 1, 2, 3, 4 same to those in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0075430#pone-0075430-t002" target="_blank">Table 2</a></p

Gel electrophoresis analysis of cDNA-AFLP.

<p>M: 100 bp ladder, 0: CK, 1∼4: Treatment 1∼4 as described in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0075430#pone-0075430-t002" target="_blank">Table 2</a>, every 5 lanes are derived from selective PCR of one pair of primers.</p

Effects of inoculation concentrations and dew durations of <i>Curvularia eragrostidis</i> on crabgrass growth.

a<p>Values denoted by different letters are significantly different according to Tukey’s Test at <i>p</i><0.05.</p

DataSheet_1_Genome-wide analysis and expression of the aquaporin gene family in Avena sativa L..zip

BackgroundOat (Avena sativa L.) belongs to the early maturity grass subfamily of the Gramineae subfamily oats (Avena) and has excellent characteristics, such as tolerance to barrenness, salt, cold, and drought. Aquaporin (AQP) proteins belong to the major intrinsic protein (MIP) superfamily, are widely involved in plant growth and development, and play an important role in abiotic stress responses. To date, previous studies have not identified or analyzed the AsAQP gene family system, and functional studies of oat AQP genes in response to drought, cold, and salt stress have not been performed.MethodsIn this study, AQP genes (AsAQP) were identified from the oat genome, and various bioinformatics data on the AQP gene family, gene structure, gene replication, promoters and regulatory networks were analyzed. Quantitative real-time PCR technology was used to verify the expression patterns of the AQP gene family in different oat tissues under different abiotic stresses.ResultsIn this study, a total of 45 AQP genes (AsAQP) were identified from the oat reference genome. According to a phylogenetic analysis, 45 AsAQP were divided into 4 subfamilies (PIP, SIP, NIP, and TIP). Among the 45 AsAQP, 23 proteins had interactions, and among these, 5AG0000633.1 had the largest number of interacting proteins. The 20 AsAQP genes were expressed in all tissues, and their expression varied greatly among different tissues and organs. All 20 AsAQP genes responded to salt, drought and cold stress. The NIP subfamily 6Ag0000836.1 gene was significantly upregulated under different abiotic stresses and could be further verified as a key candidate gene.ConclusionThe findings of this study provide a comprehensive list of members and their sequence characteristics of the AsAQP protein family, laying a solid theoretical foundation for further functional analysis of AsAQP in oats. This research also offers valuable reference for the creation of stress-tolerant oat varieties through genetic engineering techniques.</p