Organoaluminium complexes derived from anilines or Schiff bases for the ring-opening polymerization of ε-Caprolactone, δ-Valerolactone and rac-Lactide

Reaction of R1R2CHN=CH(3,5-tBu2C6H2-OH-2) (R1 = R2 = Me L1H; R1 = Me, R2 = Ph L2H; R1 = R2 = Ph L3H) with slightly greater than one equivalent of R33Al (R3 = Me, Et) afforded the complexes [(L1–3)AlR32] (L1, R3 = Me 1, R3 = Et 2; L2, R3 = Me 3, R3 = Et 4; L3 R3 = Me 5, R3 = Et 6); complex 1 has been previously reported. Use of the N,O-ligand derived from 2,2′-diphenylglycine afforded either 5 or the byproduct [Ph2NCH2(3,5-tBu2C6H2-O-2)AlMe2] (7). The known Schiff base complex [2-Ph2PC6H4CH2(3,5-tBu2C6H2-O-2)AlMe2] (8) and the product of the reaction of 2-diphenylphosphinoaniline 1-NH2,2-PPh2C6H4 with Me3Al, namely {Ph2PC6H4N[(Me2Al)2µ-Me](µ-Me2Al)} (9), were also isolated. For structural and catalytic comparisons, complexes resulting from the interaction of Me3Al with diphenylamine (or benzhydrylamine), namely {Ph2N[(Me2Al)2µ-Me]} (10) and [Ph2CHNH(µ-Me2Al)]2·MeCN (11), were prepared. The molecular structures of the Schiff proligands derived from Ph2CHNH2 and 2,2′-Ph2C(CO2H)(NH2), together with those of complexes 5, 7 and 9–11·MeCN were determined; 5 contains a chelating imino/phenoxide ligand, whereas 7 contains the imino function outside of the metallocyclic ring. Complex 9 contains three nitrogen-bound Al centres, two of which are linked by a methyl bridge, whilst the third bridges the N and P centres. In 10, the structure resembles 9 with a bridging methyl group, whereas the introduction of the extra carbon in 11 results in the formation of a dimer. All complexes have been screened for their ability to promote the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) ε-caprolactone, δ-valerolactone or rac-lactide, in the presence of benzyl alcohol, with or without solvent present. Reasonable conversions were achievable at room temperature for ε-caprolactone when using complexes 7, 9 and 12, whilst at higher temperatures (80–110 °C), all complexes produced good (> 65 %) to quantitative conversions over periods as short as 3 min, albeit with poor control. In the absence of solvent, conversions were nearly quantitative at 80 °C in 5 min with better agreement between observed and calculated molecular weight (Mn). For rac-lactide, conversions were typically in the range 71–86 % at 110 °C in 12 h, with poor control affording atactic polylactide (PLA), whilst for δ-valerolactone more forcing conditions (12–24 h at 110 °C) were required for high conversion. Co-polymerization of ε-caprolactone with rac-lactide afforded co-polymers with appreciable lactide content (35–62.5 %); the reverse addition was ineffective, affording only (polycaprolactone) PCL

Mono- and tetra-nuclear copper complexes bearing bis(imino)phenoxide derived ligands: catalytic evaluation for benzene oxidation and ROP of epsilon-caprolactone

Complexes of the type [Cu(L)2] (1) and [Cu4L2(μ4−O)(OAc)4] (2) have been obtained from the reaction of the phenoxydiimine 1,3-(2,6-R22C6H3N=CH)2-5-R1C6H2OH-2 (LH) (where R1 = Me, tBu, Cl; R2 = Me, iPr) with copper(II) acetate [Cu(OAc)2]; changing the molar ratio of the reactants affords 10 differing amounts of 1 or 2. Reaction of the parent dialdehyde [1,3-(CHO)2-5-MeC6H2OH-2] with [Cu(OAc)2] in the presence of Et3N afforded, following work-up, a polymeric chain (3) comprising {[Cu2(OAc)4]OAc}n, HNEt3 and MeCN. The crystal structures of 1 (R1 = Me, R2 = iPr 1a; R1 = Cl, R2 = iPr 1b), 2 (R1 = Me, R2 = Me 2a; R1 = Me, R2 = iPr 2b; R1 = tBu, R2 = Me 2c; R1 = Cl, R2 = Me 2d; R1 = Cl, R2 = iPr 2e; R1 = tBu, R2 =iPr 2f) and 3 are reported (synchrotron radiation was necessary for 3). The 15 magnetic properties of the cluster 2b are presented. Complexes of type 2 and 3 were screened for the ring opening polymerization (ROP) of ε-caprolactone, with or without benzyl alcohol present, under a variety of conditions, however only trace polymer was isolated. The electrochemistry of all complexes was also investigated, together with their ability to catalyze benzene oxidation (using hydrogen peroxide); although low conversions were observed, the tetra-nuclear complexes exhibited excellent selectivity

Texts of Kolima dialect of Yukaghir

<p>Clinical chemistry data of monkeys fed on diets containing GM rice or non-GM rice.</p

Parental Influences on Adolescent Friendship Pairings

Despite the fact that the processes of homophily, propinquity, and parenting have been identified as prominent precursors to friendship formation, little research has examined how they jointly affect youths’ friendships. The current study used Add Health data to fit into random crossed effect models and extended prior literature by connecting homophily and propinquity studies to parent-peer linkage research to quantify whether and how similarity of parents’ characteristics (SES, income, and educational aspirations) and practices (caring, monitoring, availability, and involvement) contribute to the relationship between homophily (youths’ similar academic performance [using AHAA], educational aspirations, delinquency, and drug use) and/or propinquity (neighborhood and local position propinquity) and friendship formation. The result indicates two pathways: fundamental influences and moderation influences through which parents influence the likelihood of friendship pairing. Findings suggested that parental influences worked more through homophily than through propinquity to fundamentally affect friendship pairings for both female and male. In terms of moderation, parental influences moderated propinquity more than homophily to affect friendship pairings. The research also identified gender differences. Three parental measures: SES, Educational Aspiration for Youths, and Smoking and Drinking had fundamental and moderation influences on same race female friendship pairings. Three parental measures: SES, Educational Aspiration for Youths, and Monitoring had fundamental and moderation influences on same race and age male friendship pairing

Data for: Enhanced spectroscopic properties with Y2O3/Al2O3 ratio in Ho3+-doped sol-gel high silica glasses

Raman spectr

Data_Sheet_1_Association between exposure to greenness and atopic march in children and adults—A systematic review and meta-analysis.docx

IntroductionAllergic diseases are a global public health problem. Food allergy, atopic dermatitis (AD), allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma represent the natural course of allergic diseases, also known as the “atopic march”. In recent years, a large number of studies have been published on the association between greenness exposure and allergic diseases. However, systematic reviews on the association between greenness exposure and multiple allergic diseases or atopic march are lacking.MethodsIn this study, PubMed, EMBASE, ISI Web of Science, and Scopus were systematically searched. Meta-analyses were performed if at least three studies reported risk estimates for the same outcome and exposure measures.ResultsOf 2355 records, 48 studies were included for qualitative review. Five birth cohort studies, five cross-sectional studies, and one case-control study were included for asthma meta-analysis, respectively. Four birth cohort studies were included for AR meta-analysis. Our results support that exposure to a greener environment at birth reduces the risk of asthma and AR in childhood. In addition, higher greenness exposure was associated with decreased odds of current asthma in children.DiscussionThere was a large heterogeneity among the included studies and most of them did not specify the vegetation type and causative allergens. Therefore the study results need to be further validated. In addition, a small number of studies evaluated the association between greenness and food allergy, AD and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. More research is needed to strengthen our understanding of the association between greenness and allergic diseases.</p

Additional file 3: of Cochrane systematic reviews and co-publication: dissemination of evidence on interventions for ophthalmic conditions

Reasons six co-publications had a different number of included studies compared to the CEVG review

Hybridized Electromagnetic–Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Scavenging Air-Flow Energy to Sustainably Power Temperature Sensors

We report a hybridized nanogenerator with dimensions of 6.7 cm × 4.5 cm × 2 cm and a weight of 42.3 g that consists of two triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) and two electromagnetic generators (EMGs) for scavenging air-flow energy. Under an air-flow speed of about 18 m/s, the hybridized nanogenerator can deliver largest output powers of 3.5 mW for one TENG (in correspondence of power per unit mass/volume: 8.8 mW/g and 14.6 kW/m³) at a loading resistance of 3 MΩ and 1.8 mW for one EMG (in correspondence of power per unit mass/volume: 0.3 mW/g and 0.4 kW/m³) at a loading resistance of 2 kΩ, respectively. The hybridized nanogenerator can be utilized to charge a capacitor of 3300 μF to sustainably power four temperature sensors for realizing self-powered temperature sensor networks. Moreover, a wireless temperature sensor driven by a hybridized nanogenerator charged Li-ion battery can work well to send the temperature data to a receiver/computer at a distance of 1.5 m. This work takes a significant step toward air-flow energy harvesting and its potential applications in self-powered wireless sensor networks

When to Appeal to Cultural Capital in Advertisements? Cultural Capital Appeals Increase Purchase Intentions for High- But Not Low-priced Products

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Hybridized Electromagnetic–Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Scavenging Air-Flow Energy to Sustainably Power Temperature Sensors

We report a hybridized nanogenerator with dimensions of 6.7 cm × 4.5 cm × 2 cm and a weight of 42.3 g that consists of two triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) and two electromagnetic generators (EMGs) for scavenging air-flow energy. Under an air-flow speed of about 18 m/s, the hybridized nanogenerator can deliver largest output powers of 3.5 mW for one TENG (in correspondence of power per unit mass/volume: 8.8 mW/g and 14.6 kW/m³) at a loading resistance of 3 MΩ and 1.8 mW for one EMG (in correspondence of power per unit mass/volume: 0.3 mW/g and 0.4 kW/m³) at a loading resistance of 2 kΩ, respectively. The hybridized nanogenerator can be utilized to charge a capacitor of 3300 μF to sustainably power four temperature sensors for realizing self-powered temperature sensor networks. Moreover, a wireless temperature sensor driven by a hybridized nanogenerator charged Li-ion battery can work well to send the temperature data to a receiver/computer at a distance of 1.5 m. This work takes a significant step toward air-flow energy harvesting and its potential applications in self-powered wireless sensor networks