Capillary-Assisted Assembly of Soft Conductive Polymer Nanopillar/Tube Arrays and Applications

Nanopillar/tube arrays have emerged as encouraging platforms, possessing remarkable advantages, including large specific areas and highly aligned orientations. Despite the progress of nano/microfabrication technologies, facile and controllable fabrication of conductive polymer nanopillar/tube arrays remains challenging. In this study, we demonstrate that the air–liquid interfacial self-assembly can be extended to obtain three-dimensional nanostructured arrays. A smart and novel method is proposed for preparing uniform conductive polymer nanopillar/tube arrays by a template-mediated interfacial synthesis approach. By utilizing capillary force, precise control processes of the nanostructure and patterned structure can be easily realized. Furthermore, a transfer strategy is devised, allowing for scalable fabrication and expansion of the applicability. Applications, including antibacterial surfaces and actuators, have been demonstrated. We extend the air–liquid interfacial synthesis technique as a powerful and universal strategy for producing ordered nanopillar/tube arrays and show the great potential of soft nanostructured arrays as advanced platforms in diverse applications

Supplementary – Supplemental material for Archaeobotanical Evidence of Hazelnut (<i>Corylus heterophylla</i>, Betulaceae) Exploitation in the Neolithic Northern China

Supplemental material, Supplementary for Archaeobotanical Evidence of Hazelnut (Corylus heterophylla, Betulaceae) Exploitation in the Neolithic Northern China by Pengfei Sheng, Xue Shang, Xinying Zhou and Hongen Jiang in SAGE Open</p

Phytoliths from the Jiangli site.

<p>,<i>Oryza</i>-type bulliform; Reed-type bulliform; Acicular hair cell; Double-peaked <i>Oryza</i>-type; Bamboo-saddle; Short-saddle; Sponge spicule; Bilobate; Elongate psilate long cells. Scales: ,, 20 µm; ,, 40 µm; , , , 50 µm; ,,, 10 µm.</p

Photos and sketches of sampling locations at the Jiangli site.

<p>(A) Profile 01; (B) Profile 02; (C) Rice paddies (S1–S3).</p

Location of the Jiangli site.

<p>(A) Heartlands of ancient East Asian rice farming; (B) Archaeological sites where ancient rice paddies have been unearthed in East Asia; (C) Archaeological sites related to rice agriculture in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River; (D) Sampling locations at the Jiangli site.</p

Neolithic rice paddies unearthed or reported in China.

<p>Neolithic rice paddies unearthed or reported in China.</p

Integrated paleoecological data of P02 from the Jiangli site.

<p>Integrated paleoecological data of P02 from the Jiangli site.</p

Pollen and spores from the Jiangli site.

<p> Poaceae (>40 µm); <i>Liquidambar</i>; Poaceae (<40 µm); Chenopodiaceae; <i>Betula</i>; <i>Castanopsis</i>; <i>Typha</i>; <i>Myriophyllum</i>; < <i>Ceratopteris</i>. Scales  = 20 µm.</p

Integrated paleoecological data of P01 from the Jiangli site.

<p>Integrated paleoecological data of P01 from the Jiangli site.</p

Results of radiocarbon dating: age of the ancient seeds and charcoal recovered.

<p>Results of radiocarbon dating: age of the ancient seeds and charcoal recovered.</p