How Migrant Families Support Children's Trust in Themselves and Their Caregivers in Rural China

To inform policy making and programs targeting the welfare of Chinese families from rural communities who face parental migration, I explored how caregivers and other possible significant others fostered children’s attachment security and socioemotional and academic wellbeing. In an ethnic village located in the Southwest of China, thirty children and their parents (n=21) and grandparents (n=24) volunteered to share their understanding of optimal care, relational experiences, and naturalistic interactions. Observational and iterative thematic analyses revealed six forms of secure base support, such as supporting educational attainment, providing daily life necessities, and ensuring health and hygiene. They were positively related to children’s attachment security, emotional balance, self-esteem, life satisfaction, and academic achievement motivations to various degrees. Practices adapted from Western industrialized families also showed some applicability to the families. Additionally, a network of support was detected, including parents, grandparents, siblings, and peers. They contributed to children’s sense of security in various ways, such as quality communications and doing activities together. These patterns provided evidence-based suggestions for policy making in promoting rural Chinese families’ welfare. They also supported the ecocultural framework of attachment theory, indicating that the forms of secure base support vary by cultures

Paradoxical relations among conceptions of heroism, civil society, and life goals in the transition to adulthood

No description supplied</p

Data_Sheet_1_Drivers of consumers’ intention to adopt sustainable healthy dietary patterns: evidence from China.docx

IntroductionIn line with the shift towards sustainable consumption, sustainable healthy dietary patterns (SHDP) have received considerable attention, but no study has examined Chinese consumers’ intention to adopt SHDP.MethodsBased on the theory of planned behaviour (TPB), this study integrated health consciousness, environmental concerns, and past eating behaviour to construct an expanded TPB framework for analyzing the factors influencing Chinese consumers’ intention to adopt SHDP. The mediating role of attitude between perceived value and consumers’ intention to adopt SHDP was also analyzed. The study empirically tested the research model using structural equation modelling estimation, based on the data collected from 402 local consumers in Wuxi, China.Results and discussionThe results showed that attitude, perceived behavioural control, health consciousness, and past eating behaviuor positively and significantly influenced consumers’ intention to adopt SHDP, whereas perceived value indirectly influenced adoption intention through attitude. Subjective norms and environmental concerns had no significant influence on adoption intention. Based on these findings, interventions through dietary education and information campaigns are recommended to enhance consumers’ value awareness and attitudes towards SHDP. Interventions, such as nudging, should be designed to enhance consumers’ perceived behavioural control and dietary practises. The findings of this study provide important insights for the development of dietary change intervention strategies.</p

Caregivers support autonomy and relatedness in children from migrant families from rural China

No description supplied</p

Solvent Extraction of Superfine Pulverized Coal. Part 2. Free-Radical Characteristics

To better explore coal macromolecular models from the extraction aspects, the behaviors of free radicals during the solvent extraction of superfine pulverized coal were studied. The electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) method was employed to characterize the extracts and extraction residues (ERs) from the pyridine (PY) and tetrahydrofuran (THF) extraction processes. The EPR parameters of different paramagnetic centers were analyzed through the peak deconvolution, and the detailed extraction mechanisms were discussed. The result suggests that the particle size and polarity of the reagent have the combined influences on the free-radical characteristics during the extraction process. Compared to the raw coals (rcs), the free-radical concentrations of the ER show a similar level, while these are 1 order of magnitude lower for the extracts (about 6 to 9% of rcs). In addition, PY with higher polarity is prone to attack the non-covalent interactions like hydrogen bonds, which can extract more abundant molecule components connected by charge-transfer forces, resulting in 35.42% higher spin concentrations compared to the THF extracts. On the other hand, THF with an affinity with oxygen-containing groups can loosen the coal structure, which extracts more stable oxygenated compounds. In addition, THF can effectively target the π–π interactions, and the paramagnetic centers on these aromatic clusters can be better preserved due to the steric hindrance effect. The study sheds light on better elucidation of coal macromolecular structures, which provides support on better understanding coal pyrolysis and liquefaction behaviors

Intrinsic Multiferroic in VNI Monolayer

Two-dimensional (2D) multiferroic materials, exhibiting both ferromagnetism and ferroelasticity, have promising applications in the miniaturization of quantum devices, such as high-density data storage and spintronic devices. Using first-principles calculations, we propose a 2D material, a ternary, vanadium–nitride–halide compound VNI. Its dynamic, mechanical, and thermal stabilities are confirmed by phonon spectrum, elastic modulus, and molecular dynamics simulations. The VNI monolayer is a robust ferromagnetic metal with a sizable in-plane magnetic anisotropic energy (153 μeV per V atom). Meanwhile, the monolayer has a moderate ferroelastic switching barrier of 100.66 meV/atom, which would facilitate the fast ferroelastic dynamics under external stress. Notably, the magnetic anisotropy axis of the VNI monolayer can be adjusted from the a-axis to the b-axis through reversible ferroelastic strain, exhibiting the characteristics of magnetoelastic coupling. These results shed light on the design of nonvolatile-memory devices

Transition-Metal Interlink Neural Network: Machine Learning of 2D Metal–Organic Frameworks with High Magnetic Anisotropy

Two-dimensional (2D) metal–organic framework (MOF) materials with large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy energy (MAE) are important candidates for high-density magnetic storage. The MAE-targeted high-throughput screening of 2D MOFs is currently limited by the time-consuming electronic structure calculations. In this study, a machine learning model, namely, transition-metal interlink neural network (TMINN) based on a database with 1440 2D MOF materials is developed to quickly and accurately predict MAE. The well-trained TMINN model for MAE successfully captures the general correlation between the geometrical configurations and the MAEs. We explore the MAEs of 2583 other 2D MOFs using our trained TMINN model. From these two databases, we obtain 11 unreported 2D ferromagnetic MOFs with MAEs over 35 meV/atom, which are further demonstrated by the high-level density functional theory calculations. Such results show good performance of the extrapolation predictions of TMINN. We also propose some simple design rules to acquire 2D MOFs with large MAEs by building a Pearson correlation coefficient map between various geometrical descriptors and MAE. Our developed TMINN model provides a powerful tool for high-throughput screening and intentional design of 2D magnetic MOFs with large MAE

Numerical Study on the Effects of Diluents on the Laminar Burning Velocity of Methane–Air Mixtures

The effect of diluents on the laminar burning velocity of the premixed methane–air–diluent flames was numerically studied using the Chemkin package. The mechanisms of dilution, thermal-diffusion, and chemical effects of diluents on the laminar burning velocity were analyzed quantitatively at different dilution ratios for different diluents. Results show that the laminar burning velocity is decreased in the order from helium, argon, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide. In the case of N₂, the thermal-diffusion and chemical effects can be negligible and the decrease of the laminar burning velocity is largely caused by the dilution effect. The dilution, thermal-diffusion, and chemical effects of CO₂ suppress the laminar burning velocity, where the dilution effect plays a dominant effect among them. For helium and argon diluents, the chemical effect can be negligible and the thermal-diffusion effect enhances the laminar burning velocity. Therefore, the dilution effect has a much larger suppression effect on decreasing the laminar burning velocity to counteract the thermal-diffusion effect of helium and argon. An empirical formula of the laminar burning velocity that takes into account the adiabatic flame temperature and thermal diffusivity is obtained. Good correlations between the laminar burning velocity and mole fraction of H + OH at the position of the maximum mole fraction of the H radical in the flame are also demonstrated. The laminar burning velocity has the same tendency with the product of thermal-diffusion and chemical reaction terms as a function of the dilution ratio for different diluents. The adiabatic flame temperature plays a dominant influence on the laminar burning velocity, and thermal diffusivity has a secondary influence on methane–air–diluent flames