Additional file 1: of Why do patients follow physicians’ advice? The influence of patients’ regulatory focus on adherence: an empirical study in China

Table S1. Measurement Instrument. (DOCX 19 kb

Synthesis, structure, magnetism and antibacterial properties of a 2-D nickel(II) metal–organic framework based on 3-nitrophthalic acid and 4,4′-bipyridine

<div><p>A 2-D nickel(II) mixed-ligand metal–organic framework [Ni(NPTA)(4,4′-bipy)(H₂O)]_n (<b>1</b>) was synthesized by reaction of 3-nitrophthalic acid (H₂NPTA) and 4,4′-bipyridine (4,4′-bipy) with Ni(II) under hydrothermal condition and characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Compound <b>1</b> possesses a 2-D layer structure constructed from dinuclear nickel(II) building blocks in which two crystallographically equivalent Ni ions are bridged by two NPTA ligands. Furthermore, the layers are connected into 3-D supramolecular network by hydrogen bonds. The magnetism and antibacterial activity of <b>1</b> were investigated.</p></div

Additional file 1: of Rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts promote TREM-1 expression in monocytes via COX-2/PGE2 pathway

Figure S1. TREM-1 was not expressed in RASF. The TREM-1 level in RASF (n = 3) was detected by flow cytometry. a Left panel was the representative flow cytometric histograms and b right panel was statistical chart. (TIF 271 kb

Additional file 2: of Rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts promote TREM-1 expression in monocytes via COX-2/PGE2 pathway

Figure S2. Both R848 and CpG had no effect on COX-2 mRNA expression and PGE2 secretion in RASF. a The mRNA level of COX-2 in RASF (n = 3) was detected by qPCR, and b the secretion of PGE2 in RASF (n = 3) was measured using ELISA. (TIF 137 kb

Table1_High-level expression of leghemoglobin in Kluyveromyces marxianus by remodeling the heme metabolism pathway.DOCX

Soy leghemoglobin, when bound to heme, imparts a meat-like color and flavor and can serve as a substitute for animal-derived proteins. Enhancing cellular heme synthesis improves the recombinant expression of leghemoglobin in yeast. To achieve high-level expression of leghemoglobin A (LBA) in Kluyveromyces marxianus, a food-safe yeast, large-scale heme synthesis modules were transferred into K. marxianus using yeast artificial chromosomes (KmYACs). These modules contained up to 8 native and heterologous genes to promote the supply of heme precursors and downstream synthesis. Next, eight genes inhibiting heme or LBA synthesis were individually or combinatorially deleted, with the lsc1Δssn3Δ mutant yielding the best results. Subsequently, heme synthesis modules were combined with the lsc1Δssn3Δ mutant. In the resulting strains, the module genes were all actively expressed. Among these module genes, heterologous S. cerevisiae genes in the downstream heme synthesis pathway significantly enhanced the expression of their counterparts in K. marxianus, resulting in high heme content and LBA yield. After optimizing the medium recipe by adjusting the concentrations of glucose, glycine, and FeSO4·7H2O, a heme content of 66.32 mg/L and an intracellular LBA titer of 7.27 g/L were achieved in the engineered strain in a 5 L fermentor. This represents the highest intracellular expression of leghemoglobin in microorganisms to date. The leghemoglobin produced by K. marxianus can be utilized as a safe ingredient for plant-based protein products.</p

Synthesis and Characterization of Graft Copolymers Poly(isoprene‑<i>g</i>‑styrene) of High Molecular Weight by a Combination of Anionic Polymerization and Emulsion Polymerization

In this work, high molecular weight “comb-shaped” graft copolymers, poly­(isoprene-<i>g</i>-styrene), with polyisoprene as the backbone and polystyrene as side chains, were synthesized via free radical emulsion polymerization by copolymerization of isoprene with a polystyrene macromonomer synthesized using anionic polymerization. A small amount of toluene was used in order to successfully disperse the macromonomer. Both a redox and thermal initiation system were used in the emulsion polymerization, and the latex particle size and distribution were investigated by dynamic light scattering. The structural characteristics of the macromonomer and comb graft copolymers were investigated through use of size exclusion chromatography, spectroscopy, microscopy, thermal analysis, and rheology. While the macromonomer was successfully copolymerized to obtain the desired multigraft copolymers, small amounts of unreacted macromonomer remained in the products, reflecting its reduced reactivity due to steric effects. Nevertheless, the multigraft copolymers obtained were very high in molecular weight (5–12 × 10⁵ g/mol) and up to 10 branches per chain, on average, could be incorporated. A material incorporating 29 wt % polystyrene exhibits a disordered microphase separated morphology and elastomeric properties. These materials show promise as new, highly tunable, and potentially low cost thermoplastic elastomers

Synthesis and Characterization of Comb and Centipede Multigraft Copolymers P<i>n</i>BA‑<i>g</i>‑PS with High Molecular Weight Using Miniemulsion Polymerization

Comb and centipede multigraft copolymers, poly­(<i>n</i>-butyl acrylate)-<i>g</i>-polystyrene (P<i>n</i>BA-<i>g</i>-PS) with P<i>n</i>BA backbones and PS side chains, were synthesized via high-vacuum anionic polymerization and miniemulsion polymerization. Single-tailed and double-tailed PS macromonomers were synthesized by anionic polymerization and Steglich esterification. Subsequently, the copolymerization of each macromonomer and <i>n</i>BA was carried out in miniemulsion, and multigraft copolymers were obtained. The latex particles of multigraft copolymers were characterized using dynamic light scattering. The molecular weights of macromonomers and multigraft copolymers were analyzed by size exclusion chromatography. Moreover, the molecular weights and structures of macromonomers were investigated by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The weight contents of PS in comb and centipede multigraft copolymers were calculated by ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The thermal properties of multigraft copolymers were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. The microphase separation of multigraft copolymers was observed by atomic force microscopy and transmission electronic microscopy. Rheological measurements showed that comb and centipede multigraft copolymers have elastic properties when the weight content of PS side chains is 26–32 wt %. Centipede multigraft copolymers possess better elastic properties than comb multigraft copolymers with the similar weight content of PS. These findings are similar to previous results on poly­(isoprene-<i>g</i>-polystyrene) comb and centipede copolymers made by anionic polymerization

Effect of Electron Beam and Gamma Rays on Carbon Nanotube Yarn Structure

<div><p>Individual carbon nanotubes (CNTs) exhibit excellent mechanical, electrical and thermal properties, leading to development of a new generation of advanced lightweight materials and spacecraft electronics substituting the electronics based on silicon. The direct assembly of CNTs into macroscopic fibers or sheets has been a way to overcome their dispersion and processing challenges. Because of a wide range of applications of this material, we investigate effectively the defects on CNT yarns structures created by electron beam and gamma sources and their impact on the morphology and mechanical properties. The irradiated samples with electron beam at doses of 400, 600 and 800 kGy had a decrease in the strength from 219.60 ± 18.90 MPa for pristine yarn to 108.86 ± 23.77, 153.15 ± 21.63, 170.50 ± 25.78 MPa, respectively. The sample irradiated with gamma in air at dose of 100 kGy had the strength increased slightly as compared with the pristine sample and an increase in the elasticity modulus from 8.79 ± 1.19 to 19.63 ± 2.02 GPa as compared to CNT pristine yarn. The quality of the CNT yarns that was gamma irradiated in air with absorbed dose of 100 kGy was not affected by the radiation process with improvement of 123% of the Young’s modulus.</p></div

Image_5_The Association Between Dietary Antioxidant Micronutrients and Cardiovascular Disease in Adults in the United States: A Cross-Sectional Study.JPG

Background: Antioxidant micronutrients represent an important therapeutic option for the treatment of oxidative stress-associated cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, few studies have evaluated the relationship between the levels of multiple dietary antioxidants and CVDs.Objective: The study therefore aimed to evaluate associations between dietary antioxidants and total and specific CVDs among a nationally representative sample of adults in the US.Design: In total, 39,757 adults (>20 years) were included in this cross-sectional study from the 2005–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We analyzed dietary recall of 11 antioxidant micronutrients in this population. Multivariate logistic and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression were both applied to examine the relationships between these antioxidants, alone and in combination, with the prevalence of all CVDs and specific CVDs. The linearity of these correlations was also explored using restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression.Results: Multivariate logistic models showed that, compared with the lowest quartile, the levels of 11 antioxidants in the highest quartile were independently associated with decreased total CVD (all P 0.05). A piecewise binary logistic regression analysis showed that the inflection points in the relationships between CVD and iron, zinc and copper were 7.71, 6.61, and 0.74 mg/day, respectively.Conclusions: Our findings suggested that high levels of combined dietary antioxidant micronutrients are associated with decreased prevalence of CVDs, and that selenium has the greatest contribution to this association.</p

Table_1_The Association Between Dietary Antioxidant Micronutrients and Cardiovascular Disease in Adults in the United States: A Cross-Sectional Study.DOCX

Background: Antioxidant micronutrients represent an important therapeutic option for the treatment of oxidative stress-associated cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, few studies have evaluated the relationship between the levels of multiple dietary antioxidants and CVDs.Objective: The study therefore aimed to evaluate associations between dietary antioxidants and total and specific CVDs among a nationally representative sample of adults in the US.Design: In total, 39,757 adults (>20 years) were included in this cross-sectional study from the 2005–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We analyzed dietary recall of 11 antioxidant micronutrients in this population. Multivariate logistic and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression were both applied to examine the relationships between these antioxidants, alone and in combination, with the prevalence of all CVDs and specific CVDs. The linearity of these correlations was also explored using restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression.Results: Multivariate logistic models showed that, compared with the lowest quartile, the levels of 11 antioxidants in the highest quartile were independently associated with decreased total CVD (all P 0.05). A piecewise binary logistic regression analysis showed that the inflection points in the relationships between CVD and iron, zinc and copper were 7.71, 6.61, and 0.74 mg/day, respectively.Conclusions: Our findings suggested that high levels of combined dietary antioxidant micronutrients are associated with decreased prevalence of CVDs, and that selenium has the greatest contribution to this association.</p