Additional file 5 of Identification and expression analysis of BURP domain-containing genes in jujube and their involvement in low temperature and drought response

Additional file 5: Table S2. Primer pairs used in RT-PCR and qRT-PCR analysis

Additional file 3 of Identification and expression analysis of BURP domain-containing genes in jujube and their involvement in low temperature and drought response

Additional file 3: Table S1. Number of cis-elements in putative promoters of ZjBURPs

Additional file 1 of Identification and expression analysis of BURP domain-containing genes in jujube and their involvement in low temperature and drought response

Additional file 1: Fig S1. The conserved BURP domain and signal peptide of BURP proteins in jujube. The phylogenetic tree of 17 BURP proteins is shown using MEGA-X with the neighbor-joining (NJ) method. The red filled boxed represent the BURP domain, and the green filled boxes represent the signal peptide

Additional file 4 of Identification and expression analysis of BURP domain-containing genes in jujube and their involvement in low temperature and drought response

Additional file 4: Fig S3. The original, uncropped gel of RT-PCR analysis of ZjBURPs in three tissues. The red box denoted the region of the original gel. The bands in the F, YF, and L row represented ZjBURPs expression in flower, young fruit, and leaf, respectively. 1-9: ZjBNM1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9; 10-14: ZjBURP1, 2, 3, 4, and 5; 15-17: ZjPG1, 2, and 3; 18: Zj26S-2

Additional file 2 of Identification and expression analysis of BURP domain-containing genes in jujube and their involvement in low temperature and drought response

Additional file 2: Fig S2. The conserved amino acid residues in BURP domain of jujube sequences. Multialignment of 17 ZjBURP proteins using DNAMAN v. 10.3.3.126. The black-, pink-, and aquamarine-shaded amino acids represented the homology level with 100%, over 75%, and over 50%, respectivel

Influences of Environmental Factors on Leaf Morphology of Chinese Jujubes

<div><p>Rainfall and temperature are the primary limiting factors for optimum quality and yield of cultivated jujube (<i>Ziziphus jujuba</i> Mill.). Adaptation to arid and cool environments has been and remains an important goal of many jujube improvement programs. This study summarized the survey results of 116 Chinese jujube varieties grown at 33 sites in China. The objective was to identify the environmental factors that influence leaf morphology, and the implications for breeding and introduction of new jujube varieties. Jujube leaf morphological traits were evaluated for their potential relationships with mean annual temperature (MAT) and mean annual precipitation (MAP). The results showed that many leaf morphological traits had a strong linear relationship with local precipitation and temperature. Longer veins per unit area (VLA) and reduced leaf area and leaf perimeter were typical of arid areas. VLA was inversely related to MAT and MAP at the centers of origin of jujube. There was a positive relationship between leaf shape (perimeter²/area) and both MAT and MAP. These results indicated that leaf vein traits of Chinese jujubes might have resulted from their adaptation to environmental factors in the course of long-term evolution. Principal component analysis allocated the 116 jujube varieties to three different groups, differentiated on the basis of morphological and physiological leaf characteristics. Jujube varieties from the Hebei, Shandong, Henan, southern Shanxi and central Shaanxi provinces were closely related, as were varieties from northwest Shanxi and northeast Shaanxi provinces, and varieties from the Gansu and Ningxia provinces. These close relationships were partially attributed to the frequent exchanges of varieties within each group. Leaf venation characteristics might be used as reference indices for jujube variety introduction between different locations.</p></div

Fabrication of Tunable, Stable, and Predictable Superhydrophobic Coatings on Foam Ceramic Materials

Superhydrophobic foam ceramic materials can be used as distillation column internals, and surface wettability has a remarkable influence on column trays. There are no existing methods for industrial fabrication of superhydrophobic surfaces on foam ceramic materials. This paper presents a facile method for fabricating stable superhydrophobic or hydrophobic coatings on the outside and inside of foam SiC materials with submicrometer silica particles, for dip-coating, and alkylchlorosilane, for surface reaction. Scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, dynamic light scattering methods, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were employed to study the physical and chemical details. The contact angle of coatings can be tuned to 155°, 140°, 125°, and 95° by adapting coating times and particle size. Superhydrophobic surfaces presented excellent stability under various conditions. In addition, a theoretical prediction strategy by surface microscopic morphology and surface chemical composition based on the Cassie–Baxter model was also presented. Briefly, this paper presents the possibility for large-scale preparation of superhydrophobic coatings on foam ceramic materials

Distribution of the 33 sampling sites (counties or districts) of jujube leaves in northern China (34°–39° N and 102°–117° E; small map at top center).

<p>The dots represent the origin growth areas of the various jujube varieties where jujube leaves were collected.</p

Relationships between jujube leaf traits of vein length per unit area (VLA), and leaf shape (perimeter²/area) and the climatic factors of mean annual precipitation (MAP) and mean annual temperature (MAT) in 33 sampling sites across northern China.

<p>Each dot represents 1of the 33 sampling sites in China. Error bars represent standard deviations.</p

Geographic and climatic characteristics (1951–2012) of the 33 sampling sites for jujube leaves in northern China.

<p>Geographic and climatic characteristics (1951–2012) of the 33 sampling sites for jujube leaves in northern China.</p