Penciptaan Komunikasi Visual Perancangan Program Edutainment “Seri Aktivitas Alam: Gunung Meletus”

This research is the continuation of previous research. The research is included in the creation of visual communication solutions on how a process of visual communication strategy can contribute a persuasive invitation. Research aims to expose the solution in the realm of visual communication. The research applied qualitative method. It began with the development of communicators becoming a mascot, continued on the delivery of messages through the comics, and invited children as audience target for design experience with game and gimmick. Result of the research is the visual design, as well as including the process of visual communication creation. As a conclusion, creating a visual communication solution could be carried out by the same method, similar matching scope, as well as the contents adjusted with new needs

Additional file 1 of Targeting Bruton’s tyrosine kinase in vitreoretinal lymphoma: an open-label, prospective, single-center, phase 2 study

Additional file 1: Table S1. Characteristics of patients with PVRL and PCNSL with vitreoretinal involvement

Data_Sheet_1_Management of Cystoid Macular Edema in Retinitis Pigmentosa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.pdf

BackgroundTo date, various treatments for cystoid macular edema (CME) in retinitis pigmentosa (RP) have been reported. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of current treatments for RP-CME.MethodsPubMed, Embase and the Cochrane library were searched from inception to August 2021. ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO ICTRP and ISRCTN were also searched for relevant studies. Only studies published in English were included. The RoB 2 tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and the MINORS scale was used to assess the methodological quality of non-RCTs. Review manager (Revman) was used to pool the data. The primary outcomes included the change of central macular thickness (CMT) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) from baseline. The secondary outcomes included fluorescein angiography (FA) leakage, rebound of CME and adverse effects.ResultsThirty-two studies were included in the current systematic review and 7 studies were used for meta-analysis. Treatments for RP-CME included oral and topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs), systematic and local steroids, anti-VEGF therapy, NSAIDS, grid LASER photocoagulation, subliminal micropulse LASER, vitrectomy, lutein supplement and oral minocycline. CAIs and local steroids were proved to be effective in reducing CMT. The effects of anti-VEGF reagents varied among studies. Regarding other treatments, only one study for each method fitted the inclusion criteria, so the evidence was very limited.ConclusionTopical CAIs, oral CAIs and local steroids are effective in treating RP-CME. However, due to the overall inferior design and small patient number of the included studies, the quality of evidence was poor. Systematic steroids, LASER, NSAIDS and vitrectomy may also be effective, nevertheless, considering the limited number of studies, no conclusion could be drawn regarding these treatments. More well-designed and conducted studies are needed in this field.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021273979, identifier CRD42021273979.</p

Additional file 3 of Targeting Bruton’s tyrosine kinase in vitreoretinal lymphoma: an open-label, prospective, single-center, phase 2 study

Additional file 3. Additional methods

Additional file 2 of Targeting Bruton’s tyrosine kinase in vitreoretinal lymphoma: an open-label, prospective, single-center, phase 2 study

Additional file 2: Table S2. Diagnostic test results of vitreoretinal lymphoma patients

Data_Sheet_2_Management of Cystoid Macular Edema in Retinitis Pigmentosa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.pdf

BackgroundTo date, various treatments for cystoid macular edema (CME) in retinitis pigmentosa (RP) have been reported. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of current treatments for RP-CME.MethodsPubMed, Embase and the Cochrane library were searched from inception to August 2021. ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO ICTRP and ISRCTN were also searched for relevant studies. Only studies published in English were included. The RoB 2 tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and the MINORS scale was used to assess the methodological quality of non-RCTs. Review manager (Revman) was used to pool the data. The primary outcomes included the change of central macular thickness (CMT) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) from baseline. The secondary outcomes included fluorescein angiography (FA) leakage, rebound of CME and adverse effects.ResultsThirty-two studies were included in the current systematic review and 7 studies were used for meta-analysis. Treatments for RP-CME included oral and topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs), systematic and local steroids, anti-VEGF therapy, NSAIDS, grid LASER photocoagulation, subliminal micropulse LASER, vitrectomy, lutein supplement and oral minocycline. CAIs and local steroids were proved to be effective in reducing CMT. The effects of anti-VEGF reagents varied among studies. Regarding other treatments, only one study for each method fitted the inclusion criteria, so the evidence was very limited.ConclusionTopical CAIs, oral CAIs and local steroids are effective in treating RP-CME. However, due to the overall inferior design and small patient number of the included studies, the quality of evidence was poor. Systematic steroids, LASER, NSAIDS and vitrectomy may also be effective, nevertheless, considering the limited number of studies, no conclusion could be drawn regarding these treatments. More well-designed and conducted studies are needed in this field.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021273979, identifier CRD42021273979.</p

Achieving Rewritable Fluorescent Patterning on Dye-Doped Polymers Using Programmable Laser Direct Writing

There is an urgent need to broaden the new horizons of laser direct writing (LDW). Herein, the programmable rewritable laser fluorescent patterning on polymers was realized by doping dyes and CO2 laser LDW for the first time. The prepared fluorescent patterns had high brightness and high precision under 365 nm UV light. Importantly, the designed patterns could repeatedly be rewritten using CO2 laser. A series of poly­(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) doped with quinacridone (DClQA) dye were prepared to perform CO2 laser LDW and characterizations. Attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy revealed no generation of new compounds after LDW. Thermogravimetric analysis–Fourier transform infrared–gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR-GC-MS) indicated that the samples could be decomposed into complex products at high temperatures, and it also revealed no generation of any fluorescent substances. We confirmed the mechanism of the laser-induced fluorescence is that the dissociated DClQA molecules caused by the CO2 laser are more inclined to form hydrogen bonds with PMMA macromolecules, so that they cannot be restacked and recrystallized, leading to the disappearance of the intrinsic fluorescence quenching phenomenon of DClQA; thus, the fluorescence is naturally emitted. Benefiting from high precision, rewritable, and programmability, laser fluorescent patterning will have good application prospects in the field of polymer products anticounterfeiting

Achieving Rewritable Fluorescent Patterning on Dye-Doped Polymers Using Programmable Laser Direct Writing

There is an urgent need to broaden the new horizons of laser direct writing (LDW). Herein, the programmable rewritable laser fluorescent patterning on polymers was realized by doping dyes and CO2 laser LDW for the first time. The prepared fluorescent patterns had high brightness and high precision under 365 nm UV light. Importantly, the designed patterns could repeatedly be rewritten using CO2 laser. A series of poly­(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) doped with quinacridone (DClQA) dye were prepared to perform CO2 laser LDW and characterizations. Attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy revealed no generation of new compounds after LDW. Thermogravimetric analysis–Fourier transform infrared–gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR-GC-MS) indicated that the samples could be decomposed into complex products at high temperatures, and it also revealed no generation of any fluorescent substances. We confirmed the mechanism of the laser-induced fluorescence is that the dissociated DClQA molecules caused by the CO2 laser are more inclined to form hydrogen bonds with PMMA macromolecules, so that they cannot be restacked and recrystallized, leading to the disappearance of the intrinsic fluorescence quenching phenomenon of DClQA; thus, the fluorescence is naturally emitted. Benefiting from high precision, rewritable, and programmability, laser fluorescent patterning will have good application prospects in the field of polymer products anticounterfeiting

Rewritable Polymer Materials for Ultraviolet Laser Based on Photochromic Microcapsules

Stimuli-responsive materials such as photochromic materials have attracted wide attention for their potential applications in anticounterfeiting, optical information storage, and photoswitching systems. Herein, we provided an approach to fabricate rewritable polymer materials based on photochromic microcapsules using an ultraviolet (UV, λ = 355 nm) pulsed laser. Due to the isomerizations of photochromic molecules being restricted by a lattice structure in solid state, microcapsules with a photochromic liquid core (PCLC) and melamine-formaldehyde (MF) shell were developed as the photochromic component. SEM and TEM confirmed the core–shell structure, and the typical thickness of the shell was 0.20–0.26 μm. PCLC@MF microcapsules were further integrated into a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) flexible matrix. The reversibly photochromic property of this microcapsule-embedded composite was characterized by colorimetric data and UV–vis spectroscopy. The rewritable feature of the PDMS composite was tested in UV and visible light cycles. Moreover, unique matte patterns were fabricated on the surface of the obtained PDMS composite using a UV pulsed laser tunably and efficiently. By altering laser parameters, color shades of patterns could be easily regulated. Because microcapsules determined the photochromic function, this method was suitable for most polymer matrices via laser direct writing

Achieving Rewritable Fluorescent Patterning on Dye-Doped Polymers Using Programmable Laser Direct Writing

There is an urgent need to broaden the new horizons of laser direct writing (LDW). Herein, the programmable rewritable laser fluorescent patterning on polymers was realized by doping dyes and CO2 laser LDW for the first time. The prepared fluorescent patterns had high brightness and high precision under 365 nm UV light. Importantly, the designed patterns could repeatedly be rewritten using CO2 laser. A series of poly­(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) doped with quinacridone (DClQA) dye were prepared to perform CO2 laser LDW and characterizations. Attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy revealed no generation of new compounds after LDW. Thermogravimetric analysis–Fourier transform infrared–gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR-GC-MS) indicated that the samples could be decomposed into complex products at high temperatures, and it also revealed no generation of any fluorescent substances. We confirmed the mechanism of the laser-induced fluorescence is that the dissociated DClQA molecules caused by the CO2 laser are more inclined to form hydrogen bonds with PMMA macromolecules, so that they cannot be restacked and recrystallized, leading to the disappearance of the intrinsic fluorescence quenching phenomenon of DClQA; thus, the fluorescence is naturally emitted. Benefiting from high precision, rewritable, and programmability, laser fluorescent patterning will have good application prospects in the field of polymer products anticounterfeiting