Difunctional Microelectrode Arrays for Single-Cell Electrical Stimulation and pH Detection

Due to its direct effect on biomolecules and cells, electrical stimulation (ES) is now widely used to regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, and neurostimulation and is even used in the clinic for pain relief, treatment of nerve damage, and muscle rehabilitation. Conventional ES is mostly studied on cell populations, but the heterogeneity of cancer cells results in the inability to access the response of individual cells to ES. Therefore, detecting the extracellular pH change (ΔpHe) after ES at the single-cell level is important for the application of ES in tumor therapy. In this study, cellular ΔpHe after periodic impulse electrostimulation (IES) was monitored in situ by using a polyaniline (PANI)-modified gold microelectrode array. The PANI sensor had excellent sensitivity (53.68 mV/pH) and linear correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.999) over the pH range of 5.55–7.41. The cells showed different degrees of ΔpHe after the IES with different intervals and stimulation potential. A shorter pulse interval and a higher stimulation potential could effectively enhance stimulation and increase cellular ΔpHe. At 0.5 V potential stimulation, the cellular ΔpHe increased with decreasing pulse interval. However, if the pulse interval was long enough, even at a higher potential of 0.7 V, there was no significant additional ΔpHe due to the insufficient stimulus strength. Based on the above conclusions, the prepared PANI microelectrode arrays (MEAs) were capable of stimulating and detecting single cells, which contributed to the deeper application of ES in tumor therapy

Correction to “In Situ Growth of Fe₃O₄ Nanoparticles in Poly(arylene ether nitrile)/Graphene/Carbon Nanotube Foams for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding”

Correction to “In Situ Growth of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles in Poly(arylene ether nitrile)/Graphene/Carbon Nanotube Foams for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding

In Situ Growth of Fe₃O₄ Nanoparticles in Poly(arylene ether nitrile)/Graphene/Carbon Nanotube Foams for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding

Due to the growing severity of electromagnetic radiation pollution, effective and absorption-dominated electromagnetic shielding materials must be developed. In this study, poly­(arylene ether nitrile)/graphene/carbon nanotube (PEN/G/CNT) composite foam was prepared by nonsolvent induced phase separation, and Fe3O4 particles were grown in situ by co-precipitation method, obtaining PEN/G/CNT/Fe3O4 (GCF) composite foams. The successful incorporation of magnetic Fe3O4 particles was demonstrated by the scanning electron microscope images and the hysteresis loops, which was proved to effectively reduce the impedance mismatch and enhance the dielectric losses and magnetic losses of the composite foams, resulting in improved absorption and reduced secondary electromagnetic pollution. The electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) of GCF composite foams rose with the increase of Fe3O4 content and GCF with the Fe3O4 concentration of about 3.55 wt % showed the highest EMI SE of around 38 dB and the highest absorption ratio of about 94%. This effort provides a feasible and effective pathway for the fabrication of lightweight, easily scalable, heat-resistant, and absorption-dominated EMI shielding materials

Table_2_Efficacy and Safety of Empagliflozin on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.xlsx

ObjectiveClinical trials have recently shown a connection between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and empagliflozin. This paper aimed at comprehensively assessing the effectiveness and security of empagliflozin in NAFLD patients.MethodsPubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI, CBM, Wan-Fang digital database, VIP, and WHO ICTRP were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the role of empagliflozin in NAFLD from inception to November 2, 2021. For continuous dating, we used values of mean differences (MD) to present.ResultsA total of four articles involving 244 NAFLD patients were included. Compared with the control group, empagliflozin could significantly reduce the body mass index (BMI) (MD: −0.98 [95% CI: −1.87, −0.10], p = 0.03), liver stiffness measurement (LSM) (MD: 0.49 [95% CI: −0.93, −0.06], p = 0.03), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (MD: −3.10 [95% CI: −6.18, −0.02], p = 0.05), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (MD: −0.45 [95% CI: −0.90, 0.00], p = 0.05) of the treatment group.ConclusionsEmpagliflozin can improve body composition, insulin resistance, and liver fibrosis and decrease the hepatic enzymes in patients with NAFLD. Empagliflozin emerges as a new option for treating patients with NAFLD. However, further research shall determine the efficacy and safety of empagliflozin in NAFLD.</p

Advances in Chelating Resins for Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions

Heavy metal ion pollution in water and soil is a formidable environmental problem. Due to their desired heavy metal capture capacity and excellent chemical and physical stability, resin chelating ligands have been widely used in heavy metal adsorption. In this Review, we outline the latest progress in chelating resin adsorbents toward heavy metals. This paper reviews the methods of selectively separating the target ions in various solutions and screens the excellent performances of chelating resins; the types and synthesis methods of chelating resins are also summarized. Different adsorption mechanisms existing between chelating resins and heavy metal ions are summarized, and the influencing factors of the adsorption processes are analyzed. On this basis, we propose the opportunities, challenges, and prospects faced by researchers studying chelating resin materials in the adsorption of heavy metals, and the reasonable design of advanced chelated resin-based adsorption systems should achieve an eco-friendly and sustainable environment

Table_1_Efficacy and Safety of Empagliflozin on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.docx

ObjectiveClinical trials have recently shown a connection between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and empagliflozin. This paper aimed at comprehensively assessing the effectiveness and security of empagliflozin in NAFLD patients.MethodsPubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI, CBM, Wan-Fang digital database, VIP, and WHO ICTRP were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the role of empagliflozin in NAFLD from inception to November 2, 2021. For continuous dating, we used values of mean differences (MD) to present.ResultsA total of four articles involving 244 NAFLD patients were included. Compared with the control group, empagliflozin could significantly reduce the body mass index (BMI) (MD: −0.98 [95% CI: −1.87, −0.10], p = 0.03), liver stiffness measurement (LSM) (MD: 0.49 [95% CI: −0.93, −0.06], p = 0.03), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (MD: −3.10 [95% CI: −6.18, −0.02], p = 0.05), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (MD: −0.45 [95% CI: −0.90, 0.00], p = 0.05) of the treatment group.ConclusionsEmpagliflozin can improve body composition, insulin resistance, and liver fibrosis and decrease the hepatic enzymes in patients with NAFLD. Empagliflozin emerges as a new option for treating patients with NAFLD. However, further research shall determine the efficacy and safety of empagliflozin in NAFLD.</p

In Situ Growth of Fe₃O₄ Nanoparticles in Poly(arylene ether nitrile)/Graphene/Carbon Nanotube Foams for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding

Due to the growing severity of electromagnetic radiation pollution, effective and absorption-dominated electromagnetic shielding materials must be developed. In this study, poly­(arylene ether nitrile)/graphene/carbon nanotube (PEN/G/CNT) composite foam was prepared by nonsolvent induced phase separation, and Fe3O4 particles were grown in situ by co-precipitation method, obtaining PEN/G/CNT/Fe3O4 (GCF) composite foams. The successful incorporation of magnetic Fe3O4 particles was demonstrated by the scanning electron microscope images and the hysteresis loops, which was proved to effectively reduce the impedance mismatch and enhance the dielectric losses and magnetic losses of the composite foams, resulting in improved absorption and reduced secondary electromagnetic pollution. The electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) of GCF composite foams rose with the increase of Fe3O4 content and GCF with the Fe3O4 concentration of about 3.55 wt % showed the highest EMI SE of around 38 dB and the highest absorption ratio of about 94%. This effort provides a feasible and effective pathway for the fabrication of lightweight, easily scalable, heat-resistant, and absorption-dominated EMI shielding materials

Comparison of real-time resistance measurement and culture identification.

*<p>There is no statistical difference between the two methods (P>0.05).</p

The yearly rainfall zone and the climate zone.

A. the yearly rainfall zone. B. the climate zone. (Data of the yearly rainfall zone and the climate zone were obtained from Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Figure 9 was created for this manuscript using ArcGIS.).</p

Primers for <i>V. parahaemolyticus.</i>

<p>Primers for <i>V. parahaemolyticus.</i></p