Female genitalia of <i>N. longiprocessa</i>.

<p>(A) Abdominal segments VIII–XI, lateral view. (B) Abdominal segments IX–XI, ventral view. (C) Genital plate, ventral view. (D) Same, caudal view, arrow showing the copulatory pore (orifice of the spermathecal duct). Ax, axis; Ce, cercus; CP, copulatory pore; PA, posterior arm; SP, subgenital plate.</p

Male genital bulb of <i>N. longiprocessa</i>.

<p>(A) Ventral view. (B) Dorsal view. BP, basal process; Ce, cercus; Ep, epandrium; Gc, gonocoxite; Gs, gonostylus; Hv, hypovalve; Hy, hypandrium.</p

A pair of <i>Neopanorpa longiprocessa</i> in copula.

<p>The male (the left side) clamps the left wings of the female (the right side) with his notal organ.</p

The notal organ and postnotal process of the male and the wing surface of the female in <i>N. longiprocessa</i>.

<p>(A) Notal organ, lateral view. (B) Magnification of the notal organ in lateral view, showing the setae. (C) Postnotal process, laterodorsal view. (D) Magnification of the postnotal process, showing the setae. (E) Magnification of the dorsal surface of the anterior half of the 4th tergum. (F) Upper surface of the female forewing.</p

Genitalia of <i>N. longiprocessa</i> in copula, with the female at the up and the male at the bottom.

<p>Ce, cercus; Gc, gonocoxite; Gs, gonostylus; Hv, hypovalve; Hy, hypandrium.</p

Magnification of the male genital bulb of <i>N. longiprocessa</i> in caudal view, with gonostyli removed.

<p>DV, dorsal valve of penis; EpB, epandrial bulb; HyP, hypandrial process; Pm, paramere; VV, ventral valve of penis.</p

Facet-Dependent Atomic Distances Shape Vanadate Adsorption Complexes on Hematite Nanocrystals

The environmental fate of vanadate (V(V)) is significantly influenced by iron oxide nanocrystals through adsorption. Nevertheless, the underlying driving force controlling V(V) adsorption on hematite (Fe2O3) facets is poorly understood. Herein, V(V) adsorption on the {001}, {110}, and {214} Fe2O3 facets was explored using batch adsorption experiments, spectroscopic studies, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Adsorption experiments suggested that the order of V(V) adsorption capacity followed {001} > {110} > {214}. However, the affinity of V(V) to the {001} facet was the weakest, as evidenced by its least resistance to phosphate and sulfate competition. Our extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) study indicated the formation of the inner-sphere monodentate mononuclear (1V) complex on the {001} facet and bidentate corner-sharing (2C) complexes on the {110} and {214} facets. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations showed the 1V complex is preferable when the adjacent Fe–Fe atomic distance is significantly larger than the O–O atomic distance of V(V). Otherwise, the 2C complex is formed if the distance is comparable. This determining factor in surface complex formation can be safely extended to other oxyanions that the compatibility in the atomic distance of Fe–Fe on Fe2O3 facets and O–O in oxyanions shapes the surface complex. The molecular-level understanding of the facet-dependent adsorption mechanism provides the basis for the design and application of oxyanion adsorbents

Complications by modified<i>C</i>lavien classification.

*<p>Some cases experienced one or more complications.</p

Operative characteristics.

<p>Operative characteristics.</p

Demographic and clinical preoperative characteristics.

<p>Demographic and clinical preoperative characteristics.</p