Raw data

These pictures are the raw AFM topography and Volta potental map at different depths from the surface of the material treated at 0.2 MPa. These Excel tables are the residual stress, average Volta potential, and potential distribution (slightly processed) at different depths from the surface of the material treated at 0.2 MPa

Risk factors for the recurrence of pelvic organ prolapse: a meta-analysis

Female pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a common condition, which has a high recurrence rate after reconstructive surgery, and the risk factors for POP recurrence are unclear. The aim of this study was to perform a meta-analysis to determine risk factors for POP recurrence. A thorough search of PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and China Academic Journal Network Publishing Database was conducted for relevant publications until 29 October 2022, without language restrictions. A total of 29 studies involving 6597 patients were included, and the recurrence rate of POP after surgery was 37.7%. Significant OR and CI were found for levator avulsion (OR: 2.46, 95% CI: 1.80–3.36), preoperative stage ≥ III (OR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.53–2.27), hiatal area on Valsalva manoeuvre (OR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.03–1.12) and previous pelvic floor surgery (OR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.07–2.39). Levator avulsion, preoperative stage ≥ III, hiatal area on Valsalva manoeuvre and previous pelvic floor surgery are significant risk factors for POP recurrence.IMPACT STATEMENTWhat is already known on this subject? It has been reported that genetic factors, parity, obesity, birth-induced injury during delivery, etc. are risk factors for POP development and recurrence after operation.What do the results of this study add? There are few literatures about the risk factors of POP recurrence at present. Our research has increased the information regarding risk factors for POP recurrence.What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? Our study provides an overview of the risk factors affecting POP recurrence and their contribution (OR, CI) to POP recurrence, which provides valuable evidence-based basis for clinical decision-making in POP treatment and prevention of POP recurrence. What is already known on this subject? It has been reported that genetic factors, parity, obesity, birth-induced injury during delivery, etc. are risk factors for POP development and recurrence after operation. What do the results of this study add? There are few literatures about the risk factors of POP recurrence at present. Our research has increased the information regarding risk factors for POP recurrence. What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? Our study provides an overview of the risk factors affecting POP recurrence and their contribution (OR, CI) to POP recurrence, which provides valuable evidence-based basis for clinical decision-making in POP treatment and prevention of POP recurrence.</p

Ocean responses to Hurricane Ian from daily gap-free satellite observations

Using gap-free satellite observations of chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration, sea surface temperature (SST), and sea surface salinity (SSS) following Hurricane Ian in 2022, we demonstrate the capabilities and benefits of the collective satellite remote sensing approach to monitor the ocean physical, biological, and biogeochemical responses to a hurricane. The evolvements of Chl-a, SST, and SSS from 26 September to 7 October show that ocean responses to the hurricane are regional-specific and the spatial maps of changes in these three ocean properties are distinct. Quick SST and SSS changes were observed following the passage of Hurricane Ian, while Chl-a change lagged hurricane winds for about 3–4 days. The ocean features of the elevated Chl-a, reduced SST, and enhanced SSS after Hurricane Ian were found to last until late October 2022. Results in the temporal variations show that Chl-a more than doubled, SST dropped by > ~2°C, and SSS increased by >  ~1 psu in the continental shelf of the Gulf of Mexico.</p

Atomistic Simulation of the Absorption of Carbon Dioxide and Water in the Ionic Liquid 1-<i>n</i>-Hexyl-3-methylimidazolium Bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([hmim][Tf₂N]

The solubility of water and carbon dioxide in the ionic liquid 1-n-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([hmim][Tf2N]) is computed using atomistic Monte Carlo simulations. A newly developed biasing algorithm is used to enable complete isotherms to be computed. In addition, a recently developed pairwise damped electrostatic potential calculation procedure is used to speed the calculations. The computed isotherms, Henry's Law constants, and partial molar enthalpies of absorption are all in quantitative agreement with available experimental data. The simulations predict that the excess molar volume of CO2/ionic liquid mixtures is large and negative. Analysis of ionic liquid conformations shows that the CO2 does not perturb the underlying liquid structure until very high CO2 concentrations are reached. At the highest CO2 concentrations, the alkyl chain on the cation stretches out slightly, and the distance between cation and anion centers of mass increases by about 1 Å. Water/ionic liquid mixtures have excess molar volumes that are also negative but much smaller in magnitude than those for the case of CO2

Molecular Simulations of CO₂ and H₂ Sorption into Ionic Liquid 1-<i>n</i>-Hexyl-3-methylimidazolium Bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide ([hmim][Tf₂N]) Confined in Carbon Nanotubes

Atomistic simulations are used to study the ionic liquid (IL) 1-n-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide ([hmim][Tf2N]) confined into (20,20) and (9,9) carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and the effect of confinement upon gas sorption. The cations and the anions exhibit highly ordered structures in the CNT. There are more cations adsorbed close to the (20,20) tube wall while more anions adsorb in the tube center at high IL loadings. The IL molecules in the CNT exhibit self-diffusivity coefficients about 1−2 orders of magnitude larger than the corresponding bulk IL molecules. Sorption of CO2 and H2 gases in the composite material consisting of CNT and IL indicates that H2 molecules diffuse about 1.5 times faster than the CO2. In contrast, H2 diffuses about 10 times faster than CO2 in both the CNT and in bulk IL. The CNT exhibits the largest amount of sorption for both CO2 and H2, followed by the composite material, and the IL exhibits the least gas sorption. When the temperature is increased, the amount of sorbed CO2 decreases in all three types of systems (IL, CNT, and the composite material) while the H2 sorption increases in [hmim][Tf2N], decreases in the CNT, and does not change significantly in the composite material. The composite material exhibits higher sorption selectivity for CO2/H2 than both the IL and the CNT. It is very interesting to note that the IL molecules can be dissolved in the CO2 molecules under confinement due to a favorable negative transferring energy. However, in the absence of confinement the IL molecules will not dissolve in the CO2 due to a very large unfavorable positive transferring energy

Enhanced Gas Absorption in the Ionic Liquid 1‑<i>n</i>‑Hexyl-3-methylimidazolium Bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide ([hmim][Tf₂N]) Confined in Silica Slit Pores: A Molecular Simulation Study

Two-dimensional <i>NP_xyT</i> and isostress-osmotic (<i>N</i>₂<i>P</i>_<i>xy</i><i>Tf</i>₁) Monte Carlo simulations were used to compute the density and gas absorption properties of the ionic liquid (IL) 1-<i>n</i>-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bis­(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)­amide ([hmim]­[Tf₂N]) confined in silica slit pores (25–45 Å). Self-diffusivity values for both gas and IL were calculated from <i>NVE</i> molecular dynamics simulations using both smooth and atomistic potential models for silica. The simulations showed that the molar volume of [hmim]­[Tf₂N] confined in 25–45-Å silica slit pores is 12–31% larger than that of the bulk IL at 313–573 K and 1 bar. The amounts of CO₂, H₂, and N₂ absorbed in the confined IL are 1.1–3 times larger than those in the bulk IL because of the larger molar volume of the confined IL compared to the bulk IL. The CO₂, N₂, and H₂ molecules are generally absorbed close to the silica wall where the IL density is very low. This arrangement causes the self-diffusivities of these gases in the confined IL to be 2–8 times larger than those in the bulk IL at 298–573 K. The solubilities of water in the confined and bulk ILs are similar, which is likely due to strong water interactions with [hmim]­[Tf₂N] through hydrogen bonding, so that the molar volume of the confined IL plays a less important role in determining the H₂O solubility. Water molecules are largely absorbed in the IL-rich region rather than close to the silica wall. The self-diffusivities of water correlate with those of the confined IL. The confined IL exhibits self-diffusivities larger than those of the bulk IL at lower temperatures, but smaller than those of the bulk IL at higher temperatures. The findings from our simulations are consistent with available experimental data for similar confined IL systems

Impact of gene annotation choice on the quantification of RNA-seq data

Background: RNA sequencing is currently the method of choice for genome-wide profiling of gene expression. A popular approach to quantify expression levels of genes from RNA-seq data is to map reads to a reference genome and then count mapped reads to each gene. Gene annotation data, which include chromosomal coordinates of exons for tens of thousands of genes, are required for this quantification process. There are several major sources of gene annotations that can be used for quantification, such as Ensembl and RefSeq databases. However, there is very little understanding of the effect that the choice of annotation has on the accuracy of gene expression quantification in an RNA-seq analysis. Results: In this paper, we present results from our comparison of Ensembl and RefSeq human annotations on their impact on gene expression quantification using a benchmark RNA-seq dataset generated by the SEQC consortium. We show that the use of RefSeq gene annotation models led to better quantification accuracy, based on the correlation with ground truths including expression data from >800 real-time PCR validated genes, known titration ratios of gene expression and microarray expression data. We also found that the recent expansion of the RefSeq annotation has led to a decrease in its annotation accuracy. Finally, we demonstrated that the RNA-seq quantification differences observed between different annotations were not affected by the use of different normalization methods. Conclusion: In conclusion, our study found that the use of the conservative RefSeq gene annotation yields better RNA-seq quantification results than the more comprehensive Ensembl annotation. We also found that, surprisingly, the recent expansion of the RefSeq database, which was primarily driven by the incorporation of sequencing data into the gene annotation process, resulted in a reduction in the accuracy of RNA-seq quantification

Synthesis and Characterization of Three-Dimensional 3d−3d and 3d−4f Heterometallic Coordination Polymers with High Thermal Stability

Using 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane (bpe) and benzene-1,3-biscarboxylic acid (H2bba) as ligands, two novel heterometallic three-dimensional coordination polymers {[Zn3Mn1.5(bpe)(bba)4(Hbba)]·bpe}n (Mn−Zn) and {[Zn2Pr(bpe)(bba)3(Hbba)]·H2O}n (Pr−Zn) were isolated under hydrothermal conditions. Both complexes are constructed via 3d−3d and 3d−4f clusters as secondary building units, respectively, which represent the first template synthesis for 3D heterometallic MOFs

Data_Sheet_1_Abundance, diversity, and composition of root-associated microbial communities varied with tall fescue cultivars under water deficit.PDF

The plant breeding program has developed many cultivars of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) with low maintenance and stress tolerance. While the root-associated microbial community helps confer stress tolerance in the host plant, it is still largely unknown how the microbiota varies with plant cultivars under water stress. The study aimed to characterize drought-responsive bacteria and fungi in the roots and rhizosphere of different tall fescue cultivars. Intact grass-soil cores were collected from six cultivars grown in a field trial under no-irrigation for 3 years. Tall fescue under irrigation was also sampled from an adjacent area as the contrast. Bacterial and fungal communities in roots, rhizosphere, and bulk soil were examined for abundance, diversity, and composition using quantitative-PCR and high-throughput amplicon sequencing of 16S rRNA gene and ITS regions, respectively. Differences in microbial community composition and structure between non-irrigated and irrigated samples were statistically significant in all three microhabitats. No-irrigation enriched Actinobacteria in all three microhabitats, but mainly enriched Basidiomycota in the root endosphere and only Glomeromycota in bulk soil. Tall fescue cultivars slightly yet significantly modified endophytic microbial communities. Cultivars showing better adaptability to drought encompassed more relatively abundant Actinobacteria, Basidiomycota, or Glomeromycota in roots and the rhizosphere. PICRUSt2-based predictions revealed that the relative abundance of functional genes in roots related to phytohormones, antioxidant enzymes, and nutrient acquisition was enhanced under no-irrigation. Significant associations between Streptomyces and putative drought-ameliorating genes underscore possible mechanics for microbes to confer tall fescue with water stress tolerance. This work sheds important insight into the potential use of endophytic microbes for screening drought-adaptive genotypes and cultivars.</p

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Microsatellite data of the individuals included in the study. The first column entitled population includes the abbreviation for population affinity of the individuals, see Fig. 1 in the paper. The following columns contain allele 1 and 2 for each loci used in the analysi