2 research outputs found

    Bioactive Fiber Foam Films from Cellulose and Willow Bark Extract with Improved Water Tolerance

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    Cellulose-based materials are gaining increasing attention in the packaging industry as sustainable packaging material alternatives. Lignocellulosic polymers with high quantities of surface hydroxyls are inherently hydrophilic and hygroscopic, making them moisture-sensitive, which has been retarding the utilization of cellulosic materials in applications requiring high moisture resistance. Herein, we produced lightweight all-cellulose fiber foam films with improved water tolerance. The fiber foams were modified with willow bark extract (WBE) and alkyl ketene dimer (AKD). AKD improved the water stability, while the addition of WBE was found to improve the dry strength of the fiber foam films and bring additional functionalities, that is, antioxidant and ultraviolet protection properties, to the material. Additionally, WBE and AKD showed a synergistic effect in improving the hydrophobicity and water tolerance of the fiber foam films. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy indicated that the interactions among WBE, cellulose, and AKD were physical, with no formation of covalent bonds. The findings of this study broaden the possibilities to utilize cellulose-based materials in high-value active packaging applications, for instance, for pharmaceutical and healthcare products or as water-resistant coatings for textiles, besides bulk packaging materials

    Microwave hydrolysis, as a sustainable approach in the processing of seaweed for protein and nanocellulose management

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    The nature of marine biomass is very complex for a material scientist due to the large seasonal variation in the chemical composition that makes it difficult to prepare standardized products. A systematic investigation of the interaction of microwave irradiation with seaweed from Norway and Caribbean region was performed, covering a broad temperature range (130 → 170 ◦C) and without and with addition of ℽ-valerolactone (GVL) in ratios of 1:4 and 1:2. The temperatures above 150 ◦C and without addition of GVL led to the closure of mass balances up to 90 % that includes polysaccharides, “pseudo-lignin” fraction, fatty acids, and proteins. Fucoidan and mannose represented >50 % of all detected polysaccharides in ascophyllum nodosum (AN), while aegagropila linnaei (AL) contained mostly glucose. The presence of arabinose and rhamnose in the upper surface of the cell wall hinders the glucose release during microwave treatment. The differences in the polysaccharide composition among both algae samples hindered the definition of a parameters set that can be used in microwave treatment of various seaweed species. A large fraction of protein (> 95 %) remained in the seaweed solid residue. Higher amount of protein was determined in AL, which was dominated by leucine and lysine. Another potential barrier to the application of seaweed in industry is the limited knowledge on the chemical composition of “pseudo-lignin” and extractives. The total amino acid analysis was identified as the most accurate to characterize the protein yield and composition. The results showed that microwave treatment of seaweed is indeed a viable method for producing bioactives in the temperature range 120–150 ◦C, and proteins and nanocellulose at temperatures above 170 ◦C without using GVL. The microwave temperature and seaweed type played a dominating role in the mass closure balances leading to >95 % identified compound.</p
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