Scatterplot of mean annual temporal lags between epidemics against distances between districts.

<p>Temporal lags between epidemics and distances are computed relative to district #306. The lines show the linear regressions between the mean annual temporal lag of the annual epidemic in each district and the distance for 2002 (A), 2003 (B), 2004 (C), 2005 (D), 2006 (E) and 2007 (F). Colours represent the geographic localisation of each district, according to <a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001957#pntd-0001957-g004" target="_blank">Figure 4A</a>. The number of districts included in the analysis changes every year, according to whether an epidemic occurred in the district (<a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001957#pntd-0001957-t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a>). Error bars represent the 95% C.I. associated with the mean. Normality and homoscedasticity of residuals were confirmed using the Shapiro-Wilks and the Bartlett tests respectively (alpha level of 0.05).</p

Weekly raw incidence rates, filtered incidence and phase of four districts in Cambodia.

<p>The four districts are: district #306 (black), a rural district located around Kampong Cham; Phnom Penh (red); District #307 (green), a rural district located mid-way between #306 and Phnom Penh; District #104 (blue). (A) Weekly raw incidence rates (in number of cases declared per 100,000 people per week). (B) Annual component of incidence, obtained by filtering raw weekly incidence in the 0.8–1.2 year periodic band using wavelet analysis. (C) Phase of the annual component of incidence, computed in the 0.8–1.2 periodic band using wavelet analysis (see <a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001957#s2" target="_blank">Methods</a>).</p

Results of the analysis of covariance and linear regressions (see methods).

1<p>Number of districts where an annual epidemic occurred according to the national threshold, along the Mekong River, the national road (<a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001957#pntd-0001957-g004" target="_blank">Figure 4A</a>), or, for the covariance analysis, both.</p>2<p>P-value of the regression slope estimate.</p>3<p>Inverse of the estimate of the regression slope β1, in km per week (see <a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001957#s2" target="_blank">methods</a>).</p

Map of mean annual dengue fever incidence rates in districts of Cambodia.

<p>Mean annual incidence rates (in number of cases declared per 100,000 people per year) are calculated over 2002 to 2008, for districts with more than 20 people per km². Cambodia is surrounded by the Indian Ocean (bottom left), Thailand (West), Lao (North) and Vietnam (East and South-East). Phnom Penh, the capital, is represented by a circle, Siem Reap by a triangle, Kampong Cham by a square and Battambang by a lozenge. Blue lines represent the Mekong River, going north to south, and the Tonle Sap River linking the Tonle Sap central Lake to the Mekong River. Green lines represent national roads. Grey districts have less than 20 people per km².</p

Apparent dengue haemorrhagic fever weekly incidence rates in the 135 most populous districts of Cambodia.

<p>Weekly incidence rates (cases per 100,000 people per week) were computed in each of the 135 districts where population density is higher than 20 people per km² in Cambodia. Districts are ranked by increasing distance to Phnom Penh from bottom to top.</p

Phases of the annual component of incidence for districts located along two geographic axes.

<p>Phases are computed in the 0.8–1.2 year periodic band. (A) Map of the two geographic areas chosen: the national road in blue, and the Mekong River in orange. (B) Phase of districts along the Mekong River (orange in <a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001957#pntd-0001957-g004" target="_blank">Figure 4A</a>), presented from the most southerly to the most northerly from bottom to top. (C) Phase of districts along the national road (blue in <a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001957#pntd-0001957-g004" target="_blank">Figure 4A</a>), presented from West to East from bottom to top. The arrows indicate districts: 1, #306; 2, Phnom Penh; 3, #805 (<a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001957#pntd-0001957-g004" target="_blank">Figure 4B</a>); 4, #104 (<a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001957#pntd-0001957-g004" target="_blank">Figure 4C</a>).</p

Geographic distribution of rabies in dogs and humans, and incidence of post-exposure treatment, Cambodia, 1998–2007.

<p>Geographic distribution of rabies in dogs and humans, and incidence of post-exposure treatment, Cambodia, 1998–2007.</p

Positive predictive values of suspected rabid dog characteristics when reported alone - dogs from 14 provinces in Cambodia, 2007.

<p>Positive predictive values of suspected rabid dog characteristics when reported alone - dogs from 14 provinces in Cambodia, 2007.</p

Model parameters for estimating the probability of human deaths caused by rabies virus infection, Cambodia, 2007.

<p>Note: SRDBI: Suspected rabid dog bite injuries; PEP: Post-exposure treatment; IPC: Institut Pasteur in Cambodia.</p

The proportion of gender and diagnosis of human rabies cases by age and year, 2004–2014.

<p>(A) The number of male and female of human rabies cases by age. (B) The proportion of male and female of cases by age. (C) The proportion of occupation of cases by year of illness onset. Kids includes kindergarten children and diaspora children, student includes primary, secondary and college students. Others included teacher, laborers, self-employed and unemployed, workers, food industry personnel, retired and cadres of staff, etc. (D) The proportion of confirmed cases by year of illness onset.</p