The Association between Family History, Obesity, Physical Activity, and Hypertension, in Reproductive Women: A New Evidence from Medan, North Sumatera

Background: World Health Organization reported that in 2013 the number of death attributable to hypertension complication was 9.4 million deaths. The prevalence of hypertension in Indonesian women (28.8%) tend to exceed that of men (22.8%). The prevalence of hypertension in North Sumatera in 2013 was (6.6%). This study aimed to estimate the association between family history, obesity, physical activity, and hypertension, in reproductive women in Medan, North Sumatera. Subjects and Method: This was a case-control study conducted at community health center Kedai Durian, Medan, North Sumatera, from December 2017 to January 2018. A sample of 90 women aged 15-49 years was selected for this study, consisting of 45 women with hypertension and 45 women without hypertension. The dependent variable was hypertension. The independent variables were family history, obesity, and physical activity. Body Mass Indexwas measured by weight scale and microtoise. Blood pressure was measured by sphygmomanometer. Physical Activity Level and other variables were measured by questionnaire. The data were analyzed by a multiple logistic regression. Results: The risk of hypertension in women of reproductive aged increased with family history (OR= 8.86, 95% CI= 3.37 to 23.26, p<0.001), obesity (OR= 5.50, 95% CI= 2.22 to 3.61; p<0.001), and lack of physical activity (OR= 4.01; 95% CI = 1.67 to 9.67; p= 0.002). Conclusion: Family history, obesity, and lack of physical activity increase the risk of hypertension in women of reproductive age. Keywords: hypertension, family history, obesity, physical activity, women of reproductive ag

Physical Activity, Obesity, Family History, and their Associations with Hypertension among The Elderly in Aceh Singkil, Aceh

Background: Hypertension is an important global health challenge due to its high prevalence and resulting cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease. This study aimed to examine the associations of physical activity, obesity, family history, with hypertension among the elderly in Aceh Singkil, Aceh. Subjects and Method: This was a case control study carried out in Aceh Singkil, Aceh. A sample of 132 elderly was selected for this study, consisting 66 elderly with hypertension and 66 elderly without hypertension. The dependent variable was hypertension. The independent variables were physical activity, obesity, and family history. Hypertension data was measured by sphygmomanometer. The other data were collected by questionnaire. The data were analyzed by a multiple logistic regression model. Results: Hypertension was associated with physical inactivity (OR= 5.12; 95% CI= 2.41 to 10.86; p<0.001), obesity (OR= 3.30; 95% CI= 1.61 to 6.74; p<0.001), and family history (OR= 7.73; 95% CI= 3.56 to 16.78; p<0.001). Conclusion: Physical inactivity, obesity, and family history, are associated with an increased risk of hypertension. Keywords: physical activity, obesity, family history, hypertensio

The Association between Maternal Knowledge, Family Support, and Exclusive Breastfeeding in Siborong Borong Community Health Center, North Tapanuli, North Sumatera

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding means that the infant receives only breast milk. No other liquids or solids are given – not even water – with the exception of oral rehydration solution, or drops/syrups of vitamins, minerals or medicines. WHO reported that nearly 90% of the under-five deaths occurred in developing countries and more than 40% of the deaths were due to diarrhea and acute respiratory infections. These diseases can be prevented by exclusive breast­feeding. This study aimed to examine the association between maternal knowledge, family support and exclusive breastfeeding in Siborong Borong Community Health Center, North Tapanuli, North Sumatera. Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design. The study was conducted at Siborong borong community health center, North Tapanuli, North Sumatera. A sample of 97 mothers who had children aged 6-12 months were selected for this study by proportional random sampling. The dependent variable was exclusive breastfeeding. The independent variables were maternal knowledge and family support. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by chi square test. Results: Exclusive breastfeeding was associated with maternal knowledge (OR=11.40; p= 0.001) and family support (OR= 9.30; p= 0.001). Conclusion: Exclusive breastfeeding is associated with maternal knowledge and family support. Keywords: exclusive breastfeeding, maternal education, family suppor

Factors Associated with Hypertension among Elderly in Padang Bulan, Medan, North Sumatera

Background: High blood pressure is a global public health problem. High blood pressure is called the “silent killer” because it often kills without warning signs or symptoms, and many people do not realize they have it. The world’s population is ageing. Virtually every country in the world is experiencing growth in the number and proportion of older persons in their population. The incidence of hypertension is greatest among older adults. This study aimed to determine factors associated with hypertension incidence among elderly in Puskesmas Padang Bulan, Medan, North Sumatera. Subjects and Method: This was a case control study conducted at Puskesmas (community health center) Padang Bulan, Medan, North Sumatera. A sample of 124 elderly persons was selected for this study, consisting of 62 persons with hypertension and 62 persons without hypertension. The dependent variable was hypertension. The independent variables were smoking, obesity, physical activity, fat diet, family history. Blood pressure was measured by sphygmomanometer. The other data were collected by questionnaire. The data were analyzed by a multiple logistic regression. Results: Hypertension incidence increased with smoking (OR= 5.57; p= 0.007), obesity (OR= 5.30; p= 0.001), lack of physical activity (OR= 4.32; p= 0.001), high fat diet (OR= 5.21; p= 0.023), and family history (OR= 2.21; p= 0.001). Conclusion: The risk of hypertension in elderly increases with smoking, obesity, lack of physical activity, high fat diet, and family history. Keywords: hypertension, smoking, obesity, physical activity, fat diet, family history

Family Support and its Association with The Risk of Lung Tuberculosis in Subulussalam, Aceh

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem in developing countries. This study aimed to examine the association between family support and the risk of lung TB in Subulussalam, Aceh. Subjects and Method: This was a cross sectional study conducted at Pus¬kes-mas (Community Health Center) Penanggalan in Subulussalam, Aceh. A sample of 30 patients was selected for this study. The dependent variable was lung TB. The independent variables were family support, sex, and knowledge. Data on tuberculosis diagnosis status was obtained from the medical record. The other data we¬re collected by questionnaire. The data were analyzed by a multiple logistic regression. Results: The risk of lung TB was positively associated with weak family support (OR= 4.28; 95% CI= 2.15 to 6.60; p= 0.027), after adjusting for the effects of sex and knowledge. Conclusion: The risk of lung TB is positively associated with weak family sup-port after adjusting for the effects of sex and knowledge. Keywords: lung tuberculosis, family support, sex, knowledge

The Effect of Having Another Sex Partner Onthe Risk of HIV Infection in Couples in Medan, North Sumatera

Background: HIV infection and AIDS are the global public health problem. Having another sex partner may increase the risk of HIV infection. This study aimed to determine the effect of having another sex partner on the incidence of HIV infection in couples in Medan. Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with a case-control design. The study was conducted at RSUP H Adam Malik Medan, North Sumatera, from November to December 2017. A sample of 80 house­wives was selected for this study by fixed disease sampling consisting of 40 HIV infected housewives and 40 HIV uninfected housewives. The dependent variable was HIV infection. The independent variable was having another sex partner. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by chi-square test. Results: Couples who had another sex partner had more risk of HIV infection than having no other sex partner (OR= 7.34; 95% CI= 2.05 to 26.19; p= 0.002). Conclusion: Couples who have another sexual partner have an increased risk of HIV infection. Keywords: HIV, housewive, having other sex partne

Barriers and Opportunities for Breast Cancer Prevention Measures

The incidence of breast cancer remains high. Controlling program needs to involve individuals and communities. Public awareness in early detection and apply healthy living behavior is necessary to minimize risk factors of breast cancer. The aims of this study to explore the barriers and opportunities of health workers in the prevention of breast cancer. This is a qualitative study with phenomenologycal approach. Data collection using Focus Group Discussion. Informants in this study consist of 11 health workers for at least 5 years working period. The results of this study found three themes, namely (1) Barriers to breast cancer prevention efforts, (2) Opportunities for women at risk to take steps to prevent breast cancer, and (3) Opportunities for government programs related to breast cancer prevention efforts. It is hoped that women at risk increase self-awareness in early detection of breast cancer and maintain a healthy lifestyle. Medan City Health Department should be more intensive in conducting socialization and health education about breast cancer prevention in the community

Pengaruh Kompetensi Supervisor dan Penghargaan terhadap Motivasi Kerja Perawat di Ruang Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Permata Bunda Tahun 2018

Dalam asuhan keperawatan, perawat harus memiliki kemampuan dan motivasi untuk memberikan layanan terbaik. Dengan kemampuan dan motivasi, perawat akan terdorong untuk melakukan pekerjaannya dengan baik. Survei awal yang dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Permata Bunda, menemukan bahwa lebih dari 45% perawat tidak senang dengan gaya kepemimpinan kepala ruangan yang didominasi oleh metode otoriter. Selain itu, ditemukan bahwa 27 (90%) dari 30 perawatan masih memiliki lowongan. Sampel dan populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh perawat yang bekerja di bangsal rawat inap Rumah Sakit Permata Bunda Kota Medan yaitu sebanyak 106 orang. Metode analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi logistik. Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa variabel kompetensi supervisor memiliki nilai p = 0,056 dan OR 3,201, yang berarti bahwa kompetensi superviso memiliki pengaruh terhadap motivasi kerja perawat dan kompetensi pengawas yang baik akan meningkatkan motivasi kerja perawat sebesar 3,2 kali. Saran kepada pimpinan rumah sakit untuk meningkatkan kualitas pengawasan untuk meningkatkan motivasi kerja perawat yang akan mempengaruhi peningkatan kualitas kerja dan kualitas pelayanan