23 research outputs found

    Detection of aspartic protease activity in scabies mite extract using a fluorescent substrate.

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    <p>The fluorescence signal was recorded at 60 second intervals, commencing after 10 minutes.</p

    Digestion of human haemoglobin by the recombinant human scabies mite aspartic protease N23SsAP.

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    <p>The haemoglobinolytic activity of N23SsAP was detected using native human haemoglobin as substrate at pH% non-reducing SDS-PAGE gel and stained with coomassie brilliant blue R-250. Lane 1, molecular weight marker; lane 2, haemoglobin alone; lanes 3–6, haemoglobin plus N23SsAP, incubated for 1 hour (lane 3), 2 hours (lane 4), 4 hours (lane 5) or 12 hours (lane 6).</p

    Digestion of human fibrinogen by the recombinant human scabies mite aspartic protease N23SsAP.

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    <p>Recombinant N23SsAP was tested for its ability to digest human fibrinogen. Reactions were run on a 15% non-reducing SDS-PAGE gel and stained with coomassie brilliant blue R-250. Lane 1, molecular weight marker; lane 2, fibrinogen alone; lanes 3 and 5, fibrinogen plus N23SsAP; lanes 4 and 6, fibrinogen plus N23SsAP and pepstatin A, after 4 hours incubation (lanes 3 and 4) and 13 hours incubation (lanes 5 and 6).</p

    Digestion of human fibronectin by the recombinant human scabies mite aspartic protease N23SsAP.

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    <p>Recombinant N23SsAP was tested for its ability to digest human fibronectin. Reactions were run on a 15% non-reducing SDS-PAGE gel and stained with coomassie brilliant blue R-250. Lane 1, molecular weight marker; lane 2, fibrinonectin alone; lanes 3 and 5, fibrinonectin plus N23SsAP; lanes 4 and 6, fibrinonectin plus N23SsAP and pepstatin A, after 4 hours incubation (lanes 3 and 4) and 13 hours incubation (lanes 5 and 6).</p

    Digestion of human collagen III by the recombinant human scabies mite aspartic protease N23SsAP.

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    <p>Recombinant N23SsAP was tested for its ability to digest human collagen III. Reactions were run on a 15% non-reducing SDS-PAGE gel and stained with coomassie brilliant blue R-250. Lane 1, molecular weight marker; lane 2, collagen III alone; lanes 3 and 5, collagen III plus N23SsAP; lanes 4 and 6, collagen III plus N23SsAP and pepstatin A, after 4 hours incubation (lanes 3 and 4) and 13 hours incubation (lanes 5 and 6).</p

    Digestion of human serum albumin by the recombinant human scabies mite aspartic protease N23SsAP.

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    <p>Recombinant N23SsAP was tested for its ability to digest human serum albumin. Reactions were run on a 15% non-reducing SDS-PAGE gel and stained with coomassie brilliant blue R-250. Lane 1, molecular weight marker; lanes 2–6, serum albumin plus N23SsAP, incubated for 15 minutes (lane 2), 1 hour (lane 3), 2 hours (lane 4), 4 hours (lane 5) or 12 hours (lane 6).</p

    A Novel Clinical Grading Scale to Guide the Management of Crusted Scabies

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    <div><p>Background</p><p>Crusted scabies, or hyperinfestation with <i>Sarcoptes scabiei</i>, occurs in people with an inadequate immune response to the mite. In recent decades, data have emerged suggesting that treatment of crusted scabies with oral ivermectin combined with topical agents leads to lower mortality, but there are no generally accepted tools for describing disease severity. Here, we describe a clinical grading scale for crusted scabies and its utility in real world practice.</p><p>Methodology/Principal Findings</p><p>In 2002, Royal Darwin Hospital (RDH), a hospital in tropical Australia developed and began using a clinical grading scale to guide the treatment of crusted scabies. We conducted a retrospective observational study including all episodes of admission to RDH for crusted scabies during the period October 2002–December 2010 inclusive. Patients who were managed according to the grading scale were compared with those in whom the scale was not used at the time of admission but was calculated retrospectively. There were 49 admissions in 30 patients during the study period, of which 49 (100%) were in Indigenous Australians, 29 (59%) were male and the median age was 44.1 years. According to the grading scale, 8 (16%) episodes were mild, 24 (49%) were moderate, and 17 (35%) were severe. Readmission within the study period was significantly more likely with increasing disease severity, with an odds ratio (95% CI) of 12.8 (1.3–130) for severe disease compared with mild. The patients managed according to the grading scale (29 episodes) did not differ from those who were not (20 episodes), but they received fewer doses of ivermectin and had a shorter length of stay (11 vs. 16 days, p = 0.02). Despite this the outcomes were no different, with no deaths in either group and a similar readmission rate.</p><p>Conclusions/Significance</p><p>Our grading scale is a useful tool for the assessment and management of crusted scabies.</p></div

    Grading scale, disease severity, and outcomes.

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    a<p>n(%).</p>b<p>Highest plasma C-reactive protein during the hospital admission (median [IQR]).</p>c<p>Lowest serum albumin value during the hospital admission (median [IQR]).</p>d<p>P value for moderate and severe combined, compared with mild, except where indicated.</p>e<p>Median [IQR].</p>f<p>P value based on Kruskall Wallis test comparing the three groups.</p
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