Caratterizzazione di laboratorio e calcolo statico con metodo razionale di una pavimentazione semirigida

Il presente elaborato affronta due importanti aspetti della progettazione e dello studio di un’opera viaria: la caratterizzazione prestazionale dei conglomerati bituminosi e l’analisi statica delle pavimentazioni stradali mediante l’ausilio di metodi di calcolo razionali. Entrambi gli argomenti sono stati sviluppati all’interno di un caso di studio specifico, ovvero l’analisi di una pavimentazione semirigida posta in oper

Effect of temperature and pH on the reduction of Nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) (±1 SE) in haemocytes from <i>Mytilus edulis</i> (n = 5) following a six month exposure period to varying temperature and pH conditions (OD = optical density at λ = 620 nm).

<p>Baseline value shown in grey scale. Lowercase letters indicate significant differences.</p

Effects of temperature and pH on haemocyte count (10⁶ mL⁻¹) (±1 SE) in <i>Mytilus edulis</i> (n = 5) following a six month exposure period to varying temperature and pH conditions.

<p>Baseline value shown in grey scale. Lowercase letters indicate significant differences.</p

Prevalence of morphological changes in <i>Mytilus edulis</i> by histology.

<p>Initial prevalence and prevalence following 6 month exposure to ambient, warming, acidified or acidified+warming seawater conditions are presented.</p

Prevalence of morphological changes in <i>Mytilus edulis</i>.

<p>Prevalence of morphological changes in <i>Mytilus edulis</i>.</p

Seawater carbonate chemistry values for experimental treatments.

<p>Standard deviations shown in parentheses (±SD) below corresponding mean value (n = 12). Measured values: temperature (T), salinity (Sal), total alkalinity (TA), and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC). Modelled values: pH total scale (pH_T), CO₂ partial pressure (pCO₂), bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻), carbonate (CO₃⁻²), aragonite saturation state (Ω_arag) and calcite saturation state (Ω_calc).</p

Two-way ANOVA results comparing the effects of pH and temperature on immunology (a. haemocyte counts, b. phagocytosis, c. NBT) in <i>Mytilus edulis</i> following a 6 month exposure period.

<p>Significant values shown in bold (p<0.05).</p

Shell morphometrics and shell composition.

<p>Mean values ±SE for shell dry weight, shell length, shell width, shell height and shell thickness (umbo and distal edge), and molar fraction of calcite:aragonite in <i>M. edulis</i> following a six month exposure period to four pH-temperature treatments: ambient pH and ambient temperature (ambient); ambient pH and elevated temperature (warming); reduced pH and ambient temperature (acidified); or reduced pH and elevated temperature (warming+acidified). N = 18 per treatment for the morphometric determinations, and N = 4 for shell composition, with the exception of the acidified treatment when only 2 values were recorded and both of these are given. ML: maximum load, E: extension, MF: molar fraction, U: umbo, DE: distal edge.</p

Seawater carbonate chemistry values for the four treatments.

<p>Values represent the mean ±SD of bimonthly measures taken over the six months exposure period (n = 12 for each treatment). Mussels were either exposed to: ambient pH and ambient temperature (ambient); ambient pH and elevated temperature (warming); reduced pH and ambient temperature (acidified); or reduced pH and elevated temperature (warming+acidified). TRT represents treatment, T = temperature, Sal = Salinity, pH_T = pH (total scale), TA = total alkalinity, DIC = dissolved inorganic carbon, pCO₂ = CO₂ partial pressure, HCO₃⁻ = bicarbonate, CO₃²⁻ = carbonate, Ω_arag = aragonite saturation state, and Ωcalc = calcite saturation state. Measured values are: temperature, salinity, TA, and DIC. Calculated values are pH, pCO₂, HCO₃, CO₃²⁻, Ω_arag and Ω_calc.</p

Sub-surface seawater temperature in the Menai Strait (Wales, UK) between October 2011 and October 2012.

<p>Temperature was measured at 3</p