Protective efficacy of combined use of parecoxib and dexmedetomidine on postoperative hyperalgesia and early cognitive dysfunction after laparoscopic cholecystectomy for elderly patients

Abstract Purpose: To investigate efficacy of combined use of parecoxib and dexmedetomidine on postoperative pain and early cognitive dysfunction after laparoscopic cholecystectomy for elderly patients. Methods: The present prospective randomized controlled study included a total of 80 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery during January 2016 to November 2017 in our hospital. All patients were randomly divided into 4 groups, the parecoxib group, the dexmedetomidine group, the parecoxib and dexmedetomidine combined group, and the control group. Demographic data and clinical data were collected. Indexes of heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), levels of jugular venous oxygen saturation (SjvO2) and jugular venous oxygen pressure (PjvO2) were recorded at different time points before and during the surgery. The mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score, Ramsay score and Visual Analogue Score (VAS) were measured. Results: Levels of both SjvO2 and PjvO2 were significantly higher in parecoxib group, dexmedetomidine group and the combined group than the control group. Meanwhile, levels of both SjvO2 and PjvO2 in the combined group were the highest. VAS scores were significantly lower in the combined group than all other groups, and total patient controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) pressing times within 48 h after surgery were the lowest in the combined group. Both Ramsay and MMSE scores were the highest in the combined group compared with other groups, while were the lowest in the control group. Conclusion: The combined use of parecoxib and dexmedetomidine could reduce the postoperative pain and improve the postoperative sedation and cognitive conditions of patients after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.</div

Phosphine-Catalyzed Domino Reaction of Thioaurones and Allenoate: Synthesis of Benzothiophene-Fused Dioxabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane Derivatives

The reaction of thioaurone derivatives with allenoate catalyzed by tris­(4-methoxyphenyl)­phosphane (P­(4-MeOC₆H₄)₃) resulted in a domino annulation reaction to produce a benzothiophene-fused bridged bicyclic ring, with 40–91% yields. The advantages of the methodology include diastereoselective formation of a bridged bicyclic ring in a single step, very mild reaction conditions, and success resulting from a broad functional group. The proposed mechanism was tested and supported by DFT calculations

Phosphine-Catalyzed Domino Reaction of Thioaurones and Allenoate: Synthesis of Benzothiophene-Fused Dioxabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane Derivatives

The reaction of thioaurone derivatives with allenoate catalyzed by tris­(4-methoxyphenyl)­phosphane (P­(4-MeOC₆H₄)₃) resulted in a domino annulation reaction to produce a benzothiophene-fused bridged bicyclic ring, with 40–91% yields. The advantages of the methodology include diastereoselective formation of a bridged bicyclic ring in a single step, very mild reaction conditions, and success resulting from a broad functional group. The proposed mechanism was tested and supported by DFT calculations

MDA content of hRBCs under different OTC concentrations.

<p>Data represent the mean ± SD of three independent experiments.</p

Hemolysis rate (a) and photographs of hemolysis (b) of hRBCs incubated with OTC.

<p>(a) hRBCs incubated with OTC at different concentrations ranging from 1 to 4×10⁻⁴ mol L⁻¹ for 3 h. Data represent the mean ±SD from at least three independent experiments. (b) The presence of red hemoglobin in the supernatant indicates damaged hRBCs. D.I. water (+) and PBS (−) are used as positive and negative control, respectively.</p

DataSheet_1_The protective role of tissue-resident interleukin 17A–producing gamma delta T cells in Mycobacterium leprae infection.pdf

Mycobacterium leprae is a kind of disease-causing bacteria and results in leprosy in human. Gamma delta (γδ) T cell is a T-cell subset that is presented in both human dermis and epidermis. These cells bridge innate and adaptive immune responses and play critical roles in regulating anti-microbial defense, wound healing, and skin inflammation. Here, we investigated skin resident γδ T cells in patients with leprosy. Our data showed that γδ T cells significantly accumulated in skin lesions of leprosy patients with tuberculoid (TT) form. IL-23 can predominantly stimulate dermal γδ T cells to produce interleukin 17 (IL-17), a cytokine which may lead to disease protection. These γδ T cells expressed a specific set of surface molecules, and majority of these cells were Vδ1+. Also, IL-23 can stimulate the expansion of dermal γδ T cells expansion. Moreover, our results revealed that the transcription factor RORγt was responsible for IL-17A expression in leprosy lesion. Therefore, these data indicated that IL-23–responsive dermal γδ T cells were the major resource of IL-17A production in the skin and could be a potential target in the treatment of leprosy.</p

Effect of OTC on ATPase activity of hRBCs.

<p>Data represent the mean ± SD of three independent experiments.</p

Absorption spectra.

<p>(a) supernatant for the hRBCs suspension after centrifugation; (b) hemolysate (incubated with ultrapure water); (c) supernatant for the hRBCs incubated with 1.1×10⁻⁴ mol/L OTC after centrifugation; (d) hemolysate incubated with 4×10⁻⁴ mol/L OTC. a, b, c and d have the same number of hRBCs obtained from the same blood sample.</p

Molecular structure of OTC.

<p>Molecular structure of OTC.</p

Effect of OTC on CAT activity of hRBCs.

<p>Data represent the mean ± SD of three independent experiments.</p