Benign lymph node in a 43-year-old woman.

<p>A: T2*WI, B: T2* map, with black representing the lowest T2* value and red representing the highest T2* value. C: corresponding histology image. The benign lymph node displays lower signal intensity than background on the T2* map.</p

Summary of sequence assembling results after Illumina sequencing of cDNA libraries from ‘Sijimi’ and ‘Lidongben’ of longan.

<p>Summary of sequence assembling results after Illumina sequencing of cDNA libraries from ‘Sijimi’ and ‘Lidongben’ of longan.</p

A plot of the T2* values of metastatic and benign axillary lymph nodes for each patient.

<p>The horizontal axis indicates the patient number, and the vertical axis indicates the T2* values.</p

Metastatic lymph node in a 51-year-old woman.

<p>A: T2*WI, B: T2* map, with black representing the lowest T2* value and red representing the highest T2* value. C: corresponding histology image. The metastatic lymph node displays higher signal intensity than background on the T2* map.</p

Receiver operating characteristics curves for T2* value in metastatic and benign axillary lymph nodes discrimination.

<p>Receiver operating characteristics curves for T2* value in metastatic and benign axillary lymph nodes discrimination.</p

The top 20 pathway assignments of DEGs based on KEGG.

<p>The x-axis indicates the number of DEGs in a category. The y-axis from bottom to top shows the top 20 pathways.</p

Identification of Regulatory Genes Implicated in Continuous Flowering of Longan (<i>Dimocarpus longan</i> L.)

<div><p>Longan (<i>Dimocarpus longan</i> L.) is a tropical/subtropical fruit tree of significant economic importance in Southeast Asia. However, a lack of transcriptomic and genomic information hinders research on longan traits, such as the control of flowering. In this study, high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) was used to investigate differentially expressed genes between a unique longan cultivar ‘Sijimi’(S) which flowers throughout the year and a more typical cultivar ‘Lidongben’(L) which flowers only once in the season, with the aim of identifying candidate genes associated with continuous flowering. 36,527 and 40,982 unigenes were obtained by <i>de novo</i> assembly of the clean reads from cDNA libraries of L and S cultivars. Additionally 40,513 unigenes were assembled from combined reads of these libraries. A total of 32,475 unigenes were annotated by BLAST search to NCBI non-redundant protein (NR), Swiss-Prot, Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COGs) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases. Of these, almost fifteen thousand unigenes were identified as significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by using Reads Per kb per Million reads (RPKM) method. A total of 6,415 DEGs were mapped to 128 KEGG pathways, and 8,743 DEGs were assigned to 54 Gene Ontology categories. After blasting the DEGs to public sequence databases, 539 potential flowering-related DEGs were identified. In addition, 107 flowering-time genes were identified in longan, their expression levels between two longan samples were compared by RPKM method, of which the expression levels of 15 were confirmed by real-time quantitative PCR. Our results suggest longan homologues of <i>SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE</i> (<i>SVP</i>), <i>GIGANTEA</i> (<i>GI</i>), <i>F-BOX 1</i> (<i>FKF1</i>) and <i>EARLY FLOWERING 4</i> (<i>ELF4</i>) may be involved this flowering trait and <i>ELF4</i> may be a key gene. The identification of candidate genes related to continuous flowering will provide new insight into the molecular process of regulating flowering time in woody plants.</p></div

Longan unigenes that share homology to flowering-time genes of other plants.

<p>Longan unigenes that share homology to flowering-time genes of other plants.</p

A plot of the T2* values of each metastatic and benign axillary lymph nodes.

<p>The horizontal axis indicates the lymph node number, and the vertical axis indicates the T2* values. Black rhombus represents metastatic nodes and red squares represent benign nodes, respectively.</p

Differentially expressed genes between the ‘Lidongben’ and ‘Sijimi’.

<p>‘ALL DEGs’ indicates those unigenes showing differential expression between the two samples, ‘DEGs’ indicates those unigenes with FDR≤ 0.001 and |log2Ratio| ≥ 1. The numbers of genes up-regulated and down-regulated in the ‘Sijimi’ relative to ‘Lidongben’ are indicated above the blue or red bars, respectively.</p