АДМИНИСТРАТИВНОЕ УПРАВЛЕНИЕ ВУЗАМИ: ПРЕДПОСЫЛКИ И СЛЕДСТВИЯ

The aim of the study is to empirically substantiate the theoretical analysis of the prerequisites, challenges and trends of modernity, causing global changes in the management system of modern universities. These include massing, the pragmatism, standardization, marketization. These trends determine the transformation of the management system of universities in the direction of administration, which, on the one hand, acquires the ability to meet the challenges of our time, and, on the other hand, reproduces the pathological processes characteristic of quasi-corporations.Methodology. The sociological study was aimed at studying the dispositions of the participants of the educational process regarding the negative consequences arising in the management system of the University. For this purpose, General scientific and private scientific methods were used: comparative and system analysis, bibliographic research, analysis of documentary sources. Data collection was carried out with the help of a sociological survey of respondents, in-depth interviews of experts. The results were processed in Vortex and Microsoft Excel.Main conclusions. The authors identified and analyzed the possible benefits and negative consequences of excessive expansion of the scope of administrative practice in higher education. These include reduced interest in work, reduced creative activity and limited opportunities for creativity, the image of activity at the expense of real activity, quantitative growth of the management apparatus, nepotism and favoritism, violation of the integrity of information flows, unjustified formalization of internal processes, loss of confidence in the leadership.Novelty / originality of this study. The materials of the study allow us to expand our understanding of the management system of administrative type universities, its advantages and disadvantages. The results of diagnostics can be used in the activities of state bodies managing the system of higher education, higher educational institutions in the process of improving the management of the University.El objetivo del estudio es corroborar empíricamente el análisis teórico de los requisitos previos, los desafíos y las tendencias de la modernidad, causando cambios globales en el sistema de gestión de las universidades modernas. Estos incluyen la concentración, el pragmatismo, la estandarización, la comercialización. Estas tendencias determinan la transformación del sistema de gestión de las universidades en la dirección de la administración, que, por un lado, adquiere la capacidad de enfrentar los desafíos de nuestro tiempo y, por otro lado, reproduce los procesos patológicos característicos de las cuasi- corporaciones Metodología. El estudio sociológico tuvo como objetivo estudiar las disposiciones de los participantes del proceso educativo con respecto a las consecuencias negativas que surgen en el sistema de gestión de la Universidad. Para ello se utilizaron métodos científicos generales y científicos privados: análisis comparativo y de sistemas, investigación bibliográfica, análisis de fuentes documentales. La recopilación de datos se realizó con la ayuda de una encuesta sociológica de los encuestados, entrevistas en profundidad de expertos. Los resultados se procesaron en Vortex y Microsoft Excel. Principales conclusiones Los autores identificaron y analizaron los posibles beneficios y las consecuencias negativas de la expansión excesiva del alcance de la práctica administrativa en la educación superior. Estos incluyen un interés reducido en el trabajo, una actividad creativa reducida y oportunidades limitadas para la creatividad, la imagen de la actividad a expensas de la actividad real, el crecimiento cuantitativo del aparato de gestión, el nepotismo y el favoritismo, la violación de la integridad de los flujos de información, la formalización injustificada de procesos, pérdida de confianza en el liderazgo. Novedad / originalidad de este estudio. Los materiales del estudio nos permiten ampliar nuestra comprensión del sistema de gestión de las universidades de tipo administrativo, sus ventajas y desventajas. Los resultados del diagnóstico se pueden utilizar en las actividades de los organismos estatales que gestionan el sistema de educación superior, las instituciones de educación superior en el proceso de mejorar la gestión de la Universidad.Целью исследования является эмпирическое обоснование теоретического анализа предпосылок, вызовов и тенденций современности, обусловливающих глобальные изменения в системе управления современными вузами. К ним относятся массирование, прагматизация, стандартизация, маркетизация. Эти тенденции определяют трансформацию системы управления вузами в сторону администрирования, которое, с одной стороны, приобретает способность отвечать вызовам современности, а, с другой стороны, воспроизводит патологические процессы, характерные для квазикорпораций.Методология. Социологическое исследование было направлено на изучение диспозиций участников образовательного процесса относительно негативных последствий, возникающих в системе управления вузом. Для этого использовались общенаучные и частнонаучные методы: сравнительный и системный анализ, библиографическое исследование, анализ документальных источников. Сбор данных осуществлялся с помощью социологического опроса респондентов, глубинных интервью экспертов. Результаты были обработаны в Vortex и Microsoft Excel.Основные выводы. Авторы выявили и проанализировали возможные выгоды и негативные последствия чрезмерного расширения сферы применения административной практики в высшем образовании. К ним относятся снижение интереса к работе, снижение творческой активности и ограниченные возможности для творчества, изображение деятельности в ущерб реальной деятельности, количественный рост управленческого аппарата, кумовство и фаворитизм, нарушение целостности информационных потоков, необоснованная формализация внутренних процессов, потеря доверия к руководству.Новизна / оригинальность данного исследования. Материалы исследования позволяют расширить наши представления о системе управления вузами административного типа, ее преимуществах и недостатках. Результаты диагностики могут быть использованы в деятельности государственных органов, управляющих системой высшего образования, высших учебных заведений в процессе совершенствования управления вузом

FORMATION OF THE KNOWLEDGE-INTENSIVE CLUSTERS AS FACTOR OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSIAN REGIONS

Abstract. Now transition from an export and raw way to innovative in general acts as the main priority vector of development of Russian regions and a gain of a national wealth of the country that is recognized as at the level of the top management of the country, and most of modern researchers. The specified scenario of economic development is possible only on the basis of realization of a complex of structural transformations which purpose is formation of innovative economy as bases of creation of hi-tech, highly intellectual knowledge-intensive competitive productions. In work the current tendencies of change of indicators of innovative activity in regions of Central Federal District and the Russian Federation in general are analyzed. The conclusion is drawn that creation of the knowledge-intensive regional clusters has to act as a factor of development of innovative regional system, in work the scheme of interaction of elements of the knowledge-intensive cluster is opened, its distinctive signs and functions are defined.Keywords: knowledge-intensive cluster, innovative activity, dynamics and stability of development,interaction of elements of a cluster

The Digitalisation of the Economy and Higher Education

The purpose of this article is to analyse the digital economy in higher educational institutions of the EU, the USA and the Russian Federation. The study examines topical issues and directions of higher education transformation, in the context of creating a digital learning environment. A learning process model is designed for a higher educational institution. The model will help to obtain competencies that meet the requirements of a digital economy. There is a need to adapt the education system to changes in the labour market. The activities of educational institutions and public authorities should be coordinated to prepare the optimal number of specialists that will be in demand. Corporate and university education should be integrated. Higher educational institutions should focus on increasing digital and business literacy in students, continuous digital training and retraining of teachers. The research developments are universal in nature and might be applied both as part of managing IT-learning processes of individual educational institutions and in national (regional) practices

Institutionalisation of social risks of digitalisation of the educational space of universities in the provincial cities of Russia

The article analyses the problem of institutionalisation of social risks of digitalisation of the educational space of universities in the Russian provinces. The risk- generating nature of digitalisation is emphasised, the conclusion about risk as digitalisation systemic element, that includes not only threats, but also significant opportunities for development, is substantiated. The task of managing risk genesis is formulated, the neces sary condition of which is the institutionalisation of risks. The institutionalisation of social risks of digitalisation of the educational space of universities in the provincial cit ies of Russia is interpreted as a system of actions of actors in the educational space taken to prevent undesirable consequences of the risks of digitisation and digitalisation and to use their creative potential, including the establishment of corporate norms and behavioural standards, the definition of structures that ensure their implementation in risk situations. Three main tasks of institutionalisation are considered: definition of norms and rules of risk management; formation of institutions implementing it; development and implementation of corporate standards of behaviour in risk situations.</p

Institutionalisation of social risks of digitalisation of the educational space of universities in the provincial cities of Russia

The article analyses the problem of institutionalisation of social risks of digitalisation of the educational space of universities in the Russian provinces. The risk- generating nature of digitalisation is emphasised, the conclusion about risk as digitalisation systemic element, that includes not only threats, but also significant opportunities for development, is substantiated. The task of managing risk genesis is formulated, the neces sary condition of which is the institutionalisation of risks. The institutionalisation of social risks of digitalisation of the educational space of universities in the provincial cit ies of Russia is interpreted as a system of actions of actors in the educational space taken to prevent undesirable consequences of the risks of digitisation and digitalisation and to use their creative potential, including the establishment of corporate norms and behavioural standards, the definition of structures that ensure their implementation in risk situations. Three main tasks of institutionalisation are considered: definition of norms and rules of risk management; formation of institutions implementing it; development and implementation of corporate standards of behaviour in risk situations.</jats:p

The Digitalisation of the Economy and Higher Education

The purpose of this article is to analyse the digital economy in higher educational institutions of the EU, the USA and the Russian Federation. The study examines topical issues and directions of higher education transformation, in the context of creating a digital learning environment. A learning process model is designed for a higher educational institution. The model will help to obtain competencies that meet the requirements of a digital economy. There is a need to adapt the education system to changes in the labour market. The activities of educational institutions and public authorities should be coordinated to prepare the optimal number of specialists that will be in demand. Corporate and university education should be integrated. Higher educational institutions should focus on increasing digital and business literacy in students, continuous digital training and retraining of teachers. The research developments are universal in nature and might be applied both as part of managing IT-learning processes of individual educational institutions and in national (regional) practices.</jats:p

Peculiarities of value-rational grounds of dispositions of actors of physical-educational space of a regional university in the new reality

The paper considers the problem of modern specificity of value-rational grounds of dispositions of actors of physical-educational space of regional universities. The empirical basis of the work results from sociological research conducted in 2019-2020 by questionnaire survey of the subjects of physical-educational space of universities in the Belgorod, Kursk, and Lipetsk regions (the Central Black Earth regions of Russia, which have close characteristics). It is argued that despite the importance of the value of physical development, the representatives of different groups of actors of physical-educational space of regional universities are included in this activity to a different extent. The main reasons for the differences are connected with the peculiarities of comprehending the value of physical development and determining the model of behavior within the physical-educational space on this basis. Two models of attitude towards this value are distinguished: the model of rational efficiency, which is used by the most of the administrators, professors and researchers; and the combined model, which composes the rationality of survival and imaginative rationality, which is most typical of students

Peculiarities of value-rational grounds of dispositions of actors of physical-educational space of a regional university in the new reality

The paper considers the problem of modern specificity of value-rational grounds of dispositions of actors of physical-educational space of regional universities. The empirical basis of the work results from sociological research conducted in 2019-2020 by questionnaire survey of the subjects of physical-educational space of universities in the Belgorod, Kursk, and Lipetsk regions (the Central Black Earth regions of Russia, which have close characteristics). It is argued that despite the importance of the value of physical development, the representatives of different groups of actors of physical-educational space of regional universities are included in this activity to a different extent. The main reasons for the differences are connected with the peculiarities of comprehending the value of physical development and determining the model of behavior within the physical-educational space on this basis. Two models of attitude towards this value are distinguished: the model of rational efficiency, which is used by the most of the administrators, professors and researchers; and the combined model, which composes the rationality of survival and imaginative rationality, which is most typical of students.</jats:p

Specifics of Cultural-Civilization Identity Development in the Frontier Regions of Russia and Ukraine: Diagnostic Problems

This study analyzes the process of cultural and civilizational identity development in the border regions of Russia and Ukraine. The definition of a cultural-civilizational identity as a kind of macrosocial supra-ethnic identity is presented. A cultural-civilizational identity is a structure of self-consciousness that connects subjectively realized and experienced values, state and cultural symbols, attitudes, relations, assessments and norms of a supra-ethnic community. They prove that in order to understand the content of cultural and civilizational identity development in the border regions of Russia and Ukraine, the concept of political and cultural delimitation has a heuristic potential according to which the process of definition and delineation of adjacent geopolitical entity. This process consists in the development and distribution of stable notions about the specifics of their political and cultural systems among population. According to the materials of empirical study conducted in the border regions of Russia and Ukraine, (n = 1000, 2015), it is argued that the identification processes in the border regions of Russia and Ukraine do not primarily stimulate the restoration of the former high level of social space homogeneity. They separate more than unite the people of the borderland close by their cultural characteristics. The concept of identification process monitoring is proposed in the border regions of Russia and Ukraine