286 research outputs found
The changing scenario of hepatocellular carcinoma over the last two decades in Italy
Background & Aims: This study investigates whether the aetiologic changes in liver disease and the improved management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have modified the clinical scenario of this tumour over the last 20 years in Italy.
Methods: Retrospective study based on the analysis of the ITA.LI.CA (Italian Liver Cancer) database including 3027 HCC patients managed in 11 centres. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to the period of HCC diagnosis: 1987â1996 (year of the ââMilano criteriaââ publication), 1997â2001 (year of release of the EASL guidelines for HCC), and 2002â2008.
Results: The significant changes were: (1) progressive patient ageing; (2) increasing prevalence of HCV infection until 2001, with a subsequent decrease, when the alcoholic aetiology increased; (3) liver function improvement, until 2001; (4) increasing ââincidentalââ at the expense of ââsymptomaticââ diagnoses, until 2001; (5) unchanged prevalence of tumours diagnosed during surveillance (around 50%), with an increasing use of the 6- month schedule; (6) favourable HCC ââstage migrationââ, until 2001; (7) increasing use of percutaneous ablation; (8) improving survival, until 2001.
Conclusions: Over the last 20 years, several aetiologic and clinical features regarding HCC have changed. The survival improvement observed until 2001 was due to an increasing number of tumours diagnosed in early stages and in a background of compensated cirrhosis, and a growing and better use of locoregional treatments. However, the prevalence of early cancers and survival did not increase further in the last years, a result inciting national policies aimed at implementing surveillance programmes for at risk patients
Archimede tra mito e realtĂ scientifica
Il laboratorio âArchimede tra mito e realtĂ scientificaâ nasce come modulo didattico
interdisciplinare di matematica e fisica nel Biennio del Liceo Scientifico con
lingua dâinsegnamento slovena âFrance PreĹĄerenâ di Trieste, con sperimentazione
PNI (Piano Nazionale Informatica). Il tema ben si prestava a essere trattato sia
durante le ore di fisica, che gli alunni studiano giĂ dal primo anno delle superiori,
sia durante le ore di matematica. La Classe II B, a cui abbiamo proposto di realizzare
il laboratorio da presentare a âLa matematica dei ragazziâ, è composta da dieci
allievi, sei ragazze e quattro ragazzi, che hanno aderito volentieri fin da subito.
Gli argomenti da presentare sono stati sviluppati durante lâorario curricolare,
dallâinizio del primo quadrimestre, sfruttando le ore previste dallâautonomia
didattica, in modo da dare agli alunni tutto il tempo necessario per approfondirli,
trovare articoli da libri e in Internet, scegliere delle presentazioni appropriate
e realizzare â lavorando anche a casa â i diversi materiali e strumentazioni. Nel
secondo quadrimestre, è stata fatta una selezione delle tematiche e degli esperimenti
trattati, del materiale didattico e delle apparecchiature realizzate, e si è
incominciata a preparare la presentazione definitiva. Per mantenere una certa
omogeneitĂ , i cartelloni sono stati assemblati dalle insegnanti, utilizzando il
materiale preparato dagli alunni stessi
La gestione delle emergenze: gli incidenti rilevanti. Come si è evoluta la normativa italiana.
Come si articola la disciplina italiana sul rischio di incidenti rilevanti: dal D.P.R. 175/1988 all'attuale Decreto legislativo 238/2005
Representing the War. Early Twentieth Century Maps and Models in the Fonds of the Italian War History Museum in Rovereto
Abstract. The representation of the areas in which some of the most significant events of the First World War took place has produced a wide range of materials, such as cartography, aerial and terrestrial photos, textual descriptions and field surveys. In addition, war events were also represented through three-dimensional models. Topographic maps and models constitute composite figurations, which are rich in informative data useful for the preservation of the memory of places and for increasing the knowledge of cultural heritage. Hence, these sources need to be studied, described, interpreted and used for future enhancement. The focus of this paper are archival materials from the collections kept at the Italian War History Museum of Rovereto (Museo Storico Italiano della Guerra), in the Trentino-Alto Adige region. Firstly, we will investigate the cartographic fond in order to assess the composition and origin of its materials. Secondly, we will present the Museum's collection of Early-Twentieth Century models. Such precious heritage is not yet part of an exhibition, and is kept in the Museum's warehouses. The paper constitutes the occasion to present the initial results of a still ongoing project by the Geo-Cartographic Centre for Study and Documentation (GeCo) of the University of Trento on the study and analysis of two archival complexes preserved in the abovementioned Museum. In particular, the paper focuses on the heuristic value of such representational devices, which enable an analysis of the different methods and languages through which space is planned and designed, emphasizing the complementarity between different types of visualization
Chapter Una lettura dellâapproccio quainiano alla cartografia attraverso la lente degli ingegneri geografi napoleonici
Massimo Quaini wrote about ninety titles strictly connected to cartography in his long academic career and his large scientific production. Considering this quantity of works, the articles published by Quaini about geographic engineersâ activity represent a seamless thread. In this contribution I examine such articles focusing on the heuristic motivations that have pushed him to put these actors at the centre of his historical-cartographic reflection
Chapter Massimo Quaini. Bibliografia 1963-2020
A detailed bibliography of Massimo Quaini's works
Rappresentazioni planimetriche, vedutistiche e tridimensionali per la fortificazione di due isole del Mediterraneo occidentale: Elba e Palmaria (secolo XIX)
[EN] The French expansion and domination in Italy between the Revolutionary Age and the Empire based on
a widespread activity of territorial knowledge, which rested in the Corps of Engineers-Geographers and
in the Military Genius the main actors. The paper summarizes the results of long research on this activity,
carried out in the islands of Elba (Tuscany) and Palmaria (Liguria): two strategic islands in the western
Mediterranean. The need to equip the territories dominated by the French with increasingly functional
defenses, gave a strong impulse to the renewal of surveying and cartography, with the use of geodetic
projections, views and three-dimensional models. Elba example is significant for the complete triangulation of the island connected to the Corsica one (with part of Sardinia and the smaller islands of the Tuscan
archipelago). Geographer engineers such as Tranchot, Simonel, Moynet, Puissant worked on these activities and produced some maps and a small model of part of Elba. In the Palmaria example the threedimensional reproduction (plan-relief) was contextual to the work of Genius engineers who produced a
vast and organic corpus of maps of various scales, views, sketches and watercolors, suitable to represent
the most complete visualization of the landscapes where to insert defensive buildings. The collaboration
between French and Italian engineers took advantage of this first experience in designing some batteries.
However, it was the post-Napoleonic decades that made Palmaria island a powerful âfortress islandâ to
defend the entrance to the Gulf of La Spezia, where the military arsenal (commissioned by Cavour and
built by Domenico Chiodo) arose.De Santi, V.; Gemignani, C.; Guarducci, A.; Rossi, L. (2020). Rappresentazioni planimetriche, vedutistiche e tridimensionali per la fortificazione di due isole del Mediterraneo occidentale: Elba e Palmaria (secolo XIX). Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 751-758. https://doi.org/10.4995/FORTMED2020.2020.11497OCS75175
Thyroid ultrasound alterations occurrence in patients with previous negative examination: A 6-years observational follow-up trial
10.1530/endoabs.56.P105
Enzyme bioprospection of marine-derived actinobacteria from the Chilean Coast and New Insight in the aechanism of keratin degradation in Streptomyces sp. G11C
Marine actinobacteria are viewed as a promising source of enzymes with potential technological applications. They contribute to the turnover of complex biopolymers, such as pectin, lignocellulose, chitin, and keratin, being able to secrete a wide variety of extracellular enzymes. Among these, keratinases are a valuable alternative for recycling keratin-rich waste, which is generated in large quantities by the poultry industry. In this work, we explored the biocatalytic potential of 75 marine-derived actinobacterial strains, focusing mainly on the search for keratinases. A major part of the strains secreted industrially important enzymes, such as proteases, lipases, cellulases, amylases, and keratinases. Among these, we identified two streptomycete strains that presented great potential for recycling keratin wastesâStreptomyces sp. CHA1 and Streptomyces sp. G11C. Substrate concentration, incubation temperature, and, to a lesser extent, inoculum size were found to be important parameters that influenced the production of keratinolytic enzymes in both strains. In addition, proteomic analysis of culture broths from Streptomyces sp. G11C on turkey feathers showed a high abundance and diversity of peptidases, belonging mainly to the serine and metallo-superfamilies. Two proteases from families S08 and M06 were highly expressed. These results contributed to elucidate the mechanism of keratin degradation mediated by streptomycetes
Understanding the Role of Alcohol in Metabolic Dysfunction and Male Infertility
Purpose: Over the past 40-50 years, demographic shifts and the obesity epidemic have coincided with significant changes in lifestyle habits, including a rise in excessive alcohol consumption. This increase in alcohol intake is a major public health concern due to its far-reaching effects on human health, particularly on metabolic processes and male reproductive function. This narrative review focuses on the role of alcohol consumption in altering metabolism and impairing testicular function, emphasizing the potential damage associated with both acute and chronic alcohol intake. Conclusion: Chronic alcohol consumption has been shown to disrupt liver function, impair lipid metabolism, and dysregulate blood glucose levels, contributing to the development of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and related systemic diseases. In terms of male reproductive health, alcohol can significantly affect testicular function by lowering testosterone levels, reducing sperm quality, and impairing overall fertility. The extent of these effects varies, depending on the frequency, duration, and intensity of alcohol use, with chronic and abusive consumption posing greater risks. The complexity of alcohol's impact is further compounded by individual variability and the interaction with other lifestyle factors such as diet, stress, and physical activity. Despite growing concern, research on alcohol's effects remains inconclusive, with significant discrepancies across studies regarding the definition and reporting of alcohol consumption. These inconsistencies highlight the need for more rigorous, methodologically sound research to better understand how alcohol consumption influences metabolic and reproductive health. Ultimately, a clearer understanding is essential for developing targeted public health interventions, particularly in light of rising alcohol use, demographic changes, and the ongoing obesity crisis
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