INSULIN SECRETAGOGUE EFFECT OF ROOTS OF RAVENALA MADAGASCARIENSIS SONN. - AN IN VITRO STUDY

Objective: The objective of this study was to establish the cytotoxicity profile and to evaluate the insulin secretagogue effect of ethanolic root extract of Ravenala madagascariensis Sonn. Methods: The cell viability of rat insulinoma 5F (RIN5F) cell lines over the treatment of plant extract was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)- 2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. The insulin-releasing effect was evaluated by insulin secretion assay over RIN5F cell lines by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The ethanolic extract of the roots of R. madagascariensis Sonn. showed negligible cytotoxicity at 20–40 μg/ml, and hence, concentrations up to 40 μg/ml were used in insulin secretion assay. The ethanolic root extract at 20 and 40 μg/ml significantly (p<0.05 compared to control) stimulated the insulin release in a dose-dependent manner even in the presence of glucose at lower and higher concentrations (5 and 10 mM). Conclusion: Thus, our results validate its traditional claim in the treatment of diabetes by stimulating the secretion of insulin, thereby suggesting a possible mechanism of its antidiabetic effect

ENHANCED REAL-TIME GROUP AUCTION SYSTEM FOR EFFICIENT ALLOCATION OF CLOUD INTERNET APPLICATIONS

Cloud internet applications have recently attracted a large number of users in the Internet. With the invention of these cloud internet applications, it is inefficient to allocate maximum number of participants in real time group auction system. So an efficient approximation algorithm is proposed with the improved combinatorial double auction protocol. It is developed to enable different kinds of resource distribution among multiple users and providers. At the same time it includes more number of participants in an auction. Due to the NP-hardness of binary integer programming for resource distribution in a real time group auction system, the improved approximation algorithm is proposed to deal with np-hardness and to obtain the optimal solution. Participant honesty is necessary to ensure auction trustfulness

Preliminary phytochemical screening, thin layer chromatography profiling, and in-vitro antiurolithiatic activity of the leaves of Ravenala madagascariensis Sonn.

425-430Urolithiasis, the third most common disorder of the urinary tract is bundled with highly complex and unpredictably varied etiological factors. The undesirable adverse effects with current medications and the recurrence rate pose a major challenge in combating the disorder. Ravenala madagascariensis Sonn. has been used traditionally in treating kidney stone problems. The present study was aimed at investigating the antiurolithiatic activity of different extracts of the leaves of R.madagascariensis. Phytochemical screening carried out on the methanolic, hydromethanolic, and decoction extractsrevealed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, glycosides, cardiac glycosides, steroids, proteins, flavonoids, andquinones. Thin layer chromatography profiling of all three extracts was established. The turbidity method was carried out toevaluate in-vitro antiurolithiatic activity and the herbal formulation cystone was used as the standard drug. The results of thestudy showed that the decoction of R. madagascariensis exhibited excellent antiurolithiatic potential with an IC50 value of 188.65 μg/mL in comparison with the methanolic (305.93 μg/mL) and hydromethanolic (306.83 μg/mL) extracts. Thus the findings of the study validate the claims of antiurolithiatic activity of R. madagascariensis that could be attributed to the presence of active phytoconstituents. Further studies are aimed at its formulation and development

Preliminary phytochemical screening, thin layer chromatography profiling, and in-vitro antiurolithiatic activity of the leaves of Ravenala madagascariensis Sonn.

Urolithiasis, the third most common disorder of the urinary tract is bundled with highly complex and unpredictably varied etiological factors. The undesirable adverse effects with current medications and the recurrence rate pose a major challenge in combating the disorder. Ravenala madagascariensis Sonn. has been used traditionally in treating kidney stone problems. The present study was aimed at investigating the antiurolithiatic activity of different extracts of the leaves of R. madagascariensis. Phytochemical screening carried out on the methanolic, hydromethanolic, and decoction extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, glycosides, cardiac glycosides, steroids, proteins, flavonoids, and quinones. Thin layer chromatography profiling of all three extracts was established. The turbidity method was carried out to evaluate in-vitro antiurolithiatic activity and the herbal formulation cystone was used as the standard drug. The results of the study showed that the decoction of R. madagascariensis exhibited excellent antiurolithiatic potential with an IC50 value of 188.65 µg/mL in comparison with the methanolic (305.93 µg/mL) and hydromethanolic (306.83 µg/mL) extracts. Thus the findings of the study validate the claims of antiurolithiatic activity of R. madagascariensis that could be attributed to the presence of active phytoconstituents. Further studies are aimed at its formulation and development

Antitumor effect of leaves of Ravenala madagascariensis Sonn., in PANC1 and SW1990 pancreatic cell lines

89-95Pancreatic cancer is the seventh leading cause of cancer-related deaths in developed countries with an average survival rate of less than 9%. Up to 80% of the patients with pancreatic cancer are found to be diabetic at the time of diagnosis. Leaves of Ravenala madagascariensis Sonn., have been traditionally used in the treatment of diabetes and was scientifically proven to be effective as an antidiabetic, hypolipidemic, renoprotective and antioxidant agent. In the present study, the antitumor effect of successive ethanolic leaf extract over two human pancreatic cancer cell lines PANC1 and SW1990 was evaluated by MTT assay. The shade dried, powdered leaves of R. madagascariensis, was subjected to successive soxhlet extraction with n-hexane, ethyl acetate followed by ethanol, concentrated and evaporated to dryness. The extract was subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening and was found to possess alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, phenols and tannins. The thin layer chromatography and high performance thin layer chromatography of various extracts of R. madagascariensis, was established. Based on the free radical scavenging potential, the ethanol extract was selected for further cytotoxicity studies. The ethanolic extract exhibited excellent cytotoxic effect against PANC1 and SW1990 with an IC50 value of 12.58 µg/mL and 18.9 µg/mL respectively. Thus the results validate the antitumor potential of R. madagascariensis, leaf extract against pancreatic cancer and further studies were aimed at the identification of active components responsible for the activity

EXPORT PERFORMANCE OF CASHEW IN INDIA

Cashew is a tropical evergreen tree known for its seed worldwide. It flowers once a year between the month of November and January. The sweet flavored nuttiest feature of cashew nut like seeds are obtained from the bottom of the false fruit of this tree, which is termed as cashew apples. The Cashew nut can be seen sitting smugly under the soft belly of the cashew' apple. Cashew seed is the food product. It is placed third among the largest consumed tree nuts in the world. The commercial production of cashew seed is done in more than 32 countries of the world, mostly in hot and dry agro climatic conditions suitable for cashew cultivations. Now it has become the number one crop in the world. The main objective of the study is to examine the problems faced by cashew exporters from Tamilnadu and to suggest suitable recommendation for improving the performance of the industry. The central Govt. should adopt certain measure for reducing the major problems and encouraging exporters. Then only the cashew exporters to reach their target in future export of India

CIEF-Carbon Induced Electric Fuel: A Revolutionary Approach to Sustainable Energy Generation

Carbon Induced Electric Fuel (CIEF) is an innovative solution in the sustainable energy landscape that has the potential to transform energy generation on Earth and propel space exploration. This review delves into the intricacies of its design, exploring its dual output system that generates electricity and extracts hydrogen. We examine the technical challenges and future prospects of CIEF, highlighting its efficiency and sustainability. As we navigate this technical odyssey, it becomes evident that CIEF is not just a technological marvel but a testament to human ingenuity and the relentless pursuit of a cleaner, more sustainable future. Furthermore, we have designed a prototype and compared its efficiency to other solutions

Formation of electroless Ni–B coatings using low temperature bath and evaluation of their characteristic properties

The formation of electroless Ni–B coatings obtained using a low temperature bath and evaluation of their characteristic properties are addressed in this paper. An alkaline bath having nickel chloride as the source of nickel and borohydride as the reducing agent was used to prepare the electroless Ni–B coatings. The influence of concentration of sodium borohydride in bath on the plating rate and the nickel/boron content of the resultant Ni–B coatings was studied. Selected coatings were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning lorimetry (DSC) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), respectively, for assessing the phase content, phase transformation behaviour and magnetic properties. XRD patterns reveal that the structure of electroless Ni–B coatings in as-plated condition is a function of the boron content of the coating: higher the boron content, greater the amorphous nature of the coating and vice-versa. DSC traces exhibit two exothermic peaks around 300 and 420 °C, corresponding to the phase transformation of crystalline nickel and Ni3B phases at 300 °C and the transformation of a higher phase compound to Ni3B at 420 °C. VSM studies indicate that the magnetic properties of the coating is also a function of the boron content of the coating: higher the boron content, lesser the saturation magnetization