2,441 research outputs found
Symmetric Rotating Wave Approximation for the Generalized Single-Mode Spin-Boson System
The single-mode spin-boson model exhibits behavior not included in the
rotating wave approximation (RWA) in the ultra and deep-strong coupling
regimes, where counter-rotating contributions become important. We introduce a
symmetric rotating wave approximation that treats rotating and counter-rotating
terms equally, preserves the invariances of the Hamiltonian with respect to its
parameters, and reproduces several qualitative features of the spin-boson
spectrum not present in the original rotating wave approximation both
off-resonance and at deep strong coupling. The symmetric rotating wave
approximation allows for the treatment of certain ultra and deep-strong
coupling regimes with similar accuracy and mathematical simplicity as does the
RWA in the weak coupling regime. Additionally, we symmetrize the generalized
form of the rotating wave approximation to obtain the same qualitative
correspondence with the addition of improved quantitative agreement with the
exact numerical results. The method is readily extended to higher accuracy if
needed. Finally, we introduce the two-photon parity operator for the two-photon
Rabi Hamiltonian and obtain its generalized symmetric rotating wave
approximation. The existence of this operator reveals a parity symmetry similar
to that in the Rabi Hamiltonian as well as another symmetry that is unique to
the two-photon case, providing insight into the mathematical structure of the
two-photon spectrum, significantly simplifying the numerics, and revealing some
interesting dynamical properties.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figure
Bound states of scalar particles in the presence of a short range potential
We analyze the behavior of the energy spectrum of the Klein-Gordon equation
in the presence of a truncated hyperbolic tangent potential. From our analysis
we obtain that, for some values of the potential there is embedding of the
bound states into the negative energy continuum, showing that, in opposition to
the general belief, relativistic scalar particles in one-dimensional short
range potentials can exhibit resonant behavior and not only the Schiff-Snyder
effect.Comment: To appear in Modern Physics Letters
Physical exercise associated with NO production: signaling pathways and significance in health and disease
Here we review available data on nitric oxide (NO)-mediated signaling in skeletal muscle during physical exercise. Nitric oxide modulates skeletal myocyte function, hormone regulation, and local microcirculation. Nitric oxide underlies the therapeutic effects of physical activity whereas the pharmacological modulators of NO-mediated signaling are the promising therapeutic agents in different diseases. Nitric oxide production increases in skeletal muscle in response to physical activity. This molecule can alter energy supply in skeletal muscle through hormonal modulation. Mitochondria in skeletal muscle tissue are highly abundant and play a pivotal role in metabolism. Considering NO a plausible regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis that directly affects cellular respiration, we discuss the mechanisms of NO-induced mitochondrial biogenesis in the skeletal muscle cells. We also review available data on myokines, the molecules that are expressed and released by the muscle fibers and exert autocrine, paracrine and/or endocrine effects. The article suggests the presence of putative interplay between NO-mediated signaling and myokines in skeletal muscle. Data demonstrate an important role of NO in various diseases and suggest that physical training may improve health of patients with diabetes, chronic heart failure, and even degenerative muscle diseases. We conclude that NO-associated signaling represents a promising target for the treatment of various diseases and for the achievement of better athletic performance
Mathematical modeling of hydroelastic walls oscillations of the channel on Winkler foundation under vibrations
The bending oscillations of a narrow slit channel walls with highly viscous liquid inside and put on a vibrating Winkler foundation are investigated. The channel walls bending oscillations laws are discovered on the basis of hydroelasticity problem solution, as well as pressure in the liquid ones. The deflections amplitudes distribution and liquid pressure along the channel functions are constructed. The obtained results allow investigating dynamic processes, conditioned by constructions elastic elements and viscous liquid interaction in lubrication system, damping and various devices and units
Bending oscillations of a cylinder, surrounded by an elastic medium and containing a viscous liquid and an oscillator
The article considers dynamic processes mathematical modeling in a mechanical system, consisting of an elastic hollow cylinder, surrounded by an elastic medium and containing viscous liquid and vibrating coaxial rigid cylinder. The amplitude frequency characteristic for investigating bending cylinder oscillations as one-mass system is defined. It is shown, that the constructed amplitude characteristic makes it possible to define the considered system resonance frequencies oscillations. The calculations demonstrated the significance of taking into account viscous liquid inertia and the surrounding elastic medium
Improving the X-ray resolution by reversible flash-cooling combined with concentration screening, as exemplified with PPase
Suspension of Mitotic Activity in Dentate Gyrus of the Hibernating Ground Squirrel
Neurogenesis occurs in the adult mammalian hippocampus, a region of the brain important for learning and memory. Hibernation in Siberian ground squirrels provides a natural model to study mitosis as the rapid fall in body temperature in 24 h (from 35-36°C to +4–6°C) permits accumulation of mitotic cells at different stages of the cell cycle. Histological methods used to study adult neurogenesis are limited largely to fixed tissue, and the mitotic state elucidated depends on the specific phase of mitosis at the time of day. However, using an immunohistochemical study of doublecortin (DCX) and BrdU-labelled neurons, we demonstrate that the dentate gyrus of the ground squirrel hippocampus contains a population of immature cells which appear to possess mitotic activity. Our data suggest that doublecortin-labelled immature cells exist in a mitotic state and may represent a renewable pool for generation of new neurons within the dentate gyrus.</jats:p
Mapping of the immunodominant regions of the NAD-dependent formate dehydrogenase
AbstractA panel of 4 monoclonal antibodies and 7 polyclonal antisera against NAD-dependent formate dehydrogenase from methylotrophic bacterium Pseudomonas sp. 101 has been obtained. The reactivity of the 37 overlapping proteolytic peptides with the monoclonal antibodies and polyclonal antisera has been studied with ELISA test. The data obtained were interpreted residing on the structural model of the formate dehydrogenase at 3 Å resolution. The immunodominant regions in the formate dehydrogenase molecule and the epitopes for the monoclonal antibodies were elucidated
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