Constrained nonlinear MPC for accelerated tracking piece-wise references and its applications to thermal systems

In this paper, we propose a model predictive control (MPC) strategy for accelerated offset-free tracking piece-wise constant reference signals of nonlinear systems subject to state and control constraints. Some special contractive constraints on tracking errors and terminal constraints are embedded into the tracking nonlinear MPC formulation. Then, recursive feasibility and closed-loop convergence of the tracking MPC are guaranteed in the presence of piece-wise references and constraints by deriving some sufficient conditions. Moreover, the local optimality of the tracking MPC is achieved for unreachable output reference signals. By comparing to traditional tracking MPC, the simulation experiment of a thermal system is used to demonstrate the acceleration ability and the effectiveness of the tracking MPC scheme proposed here

Fig 3 -

Source contributions to BaPTEQ for PAHs in urban soils (a), suburban soils (b) and rural soils (c).</p

Fig 4 -

Predicted probability density functions of incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) for adults exposed to the PAHs in urban soils (a), suburban soils (b) and rural soils (c).</p

DataSheet_1_An investigation of Nitrospira bacteria in coastal wetlands of China: distribution pattern and related environmental driving factors.pdf

Nitrate is mainly converted via aerobic nitrite oxidation during the second step of nitrification, which is catalyzed by nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) and the recently discovery complete ammonia oxidizers (comammox). Members of the genus Nitrospira are the most diverse and widespread known NOB and comammox. However, the community assembly of Nitrospira in estuary and coastal wetland and the major environmental shaping factors remain understudied. Here in this study, we investigated the geographical distribution pattern of Nitrospira along the large-scale coastal wetlands of China. The results showed that the abundance of Nitrospira ranged from 4.96×106 - 3.88×107 copies/g dry sediment, significantly (more than one order of magnitude) higher than amoA gene of ammonia-oxidizers. The identified Nitrospira belong to Nitrospira lineage IV (50%), lineage I and II. The adaptability of the three lineages to environmental factors (such as temperature, pH, salinity and particle size) are different, which leads to the diversity of its distribution composition in different estuaries. Network analysis showed that the cooperation takes greater portion than competition in the relationship of Nitrospira population. This study revealed the abundance and community composition of Nitrospira bacteria, as well as the major environmental driving factors in coastal wetland ecosystems, which deepens our understanding of the niche separation of Nitrospira with the nitrogen cycling.</p

Image_1_Impact of Soil Disinfestation on Fungal and Bacterial Communities in Soil With Cucumber Cultivation.TIF

Soil treatment with disinfectants has been used for controlling soilborne phytopathogens. Besides suppressing specific pathogens, how these disinfectants impact soil health, especially soil microbial communities, is yet to be systemically determined. The objectives of this study were to examine the effects of three representative disinfectants, including the dazomet fumigant, fenaminosulf fungicide, and kasugamycin antibiotic on chemical properties, enzymatic activities, and microbial communities in soil for cucumber cultivation. Results showed that 14 days after soil treatment with these chemicals, residual content of dazomet and kasugamycin quickly declined in soil and were undetectable, while fenaminosulf residues were found at 0.48 ± 0.01 mg/kg. Total nitrogen and total carbon increased in soil after dazomet treatment. Urease and sucrase activities were significantly restrained after disinfectant application. The disinfectants did not significantly change the taxon of predominant bacteria and fungi but altered the relative abundance and diversity of soil microbiome, as well as microbial interspecific relationships. Moreover, cucumber cultivation enhanced the overall soil microbial diversity and enzymatic activities, which diminished the difference of soil microbiome among four treatments. The difference in soil microbial diversity among the four treatments became smaller after planting cucumber. Thus, soil microbial communities were affected by soil disinfectants and gradually recovered by cucumber application.</p

Fig 2 -

Source profiles of each PMF factor for PAHs in urban soils (a), suburban soils (b) and rural soils (c).</p

The total variance explained and component matrix of PAHs in different land use types in Beijing and Tianjin.

The total variance explained and component matrix of PAHs in different land use types in Beijing and Tianjin.</p

Fig 1 -

Cross plots for PAH isomeric ratios in surface soils in urban (a, b), suburban (c, d) and rural area (e, f). The calculations of source ratios followed the methods described by Yunker et al [15].</p

Additional file 1 of The circular RNA expression profile in ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma reveals a complex circRNA–miRNA regulatory network

Additional file 1: Fig. S1. The sequence depths of six specimens

Exposure parameters used in the incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) assessment.

Exposure parameters used in the incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) assessment.</p