PENGARUH GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE, LIKUIDITAS, DAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS PADA PERUSAHAAN BUMN YANG TERMASUK DALAM IICG DENGAN STRUKTUR MODAL SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh Good Corporate Governance, likuiditas, dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap profitabilitas, dimediasi oleh struktur modal. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan BUMN yang termasuk dalam IICG. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah teknik purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 13 perusahaan. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder dan teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah Struktur Equation Model dengan alat uji software SmartPLS. Hasil dalam penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Good Corporate Governance, likuiditas dan ukuran perusahaan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap struktur modal. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa struktur modal memediasi secara penuh pengaruh Good Corporate Governance dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap profitabilitas, namun memediasi parsial pengaruh likuiditas terhadap profitabilitas

Intramuscular nerve distribution in the FPB (right, deep side), drawing demonstrating the sFPB was supplied by the branch of the median nerve and the dFPB was supplied by the branch of the ulnar nerve (MNB, branch of the median nerve; UNB, branch of the ulnar nerve).

<p>The scale bar represents 4 mm.</p

Intramuscular nerve distribution in the AP (right, deep side), drawing demonstrating the oAP and tAP were supplied by the branch of the ulnar nerve (UNB, branch of the ulnar nerve).

<p>The scale bar represents 4 mm.</p

Intramuscular nerve distribution in the OP (right, deep side), drawing demonstrating the branching pattern of the branch of the median nerve and the branch of the ulnar nerve (MNB, branch of the median nerve; UNB, branch of the ulnar nerve).

<p>The scale bar represents 4 mm.</p

Light microscopic views of muscle spindles in the OP.

<p>Transverse section of the OP showing 2 spindles (arrow) arranged side-by-side and forming a paired complex. Their outer capsules are fused but their inner contents remain separate distinct. Each spindle contains several intrafusal fibers (arrowheads). The scale bar represents 100 µm.</p

Intramuscular nerve distribution in the ADM (right, deep side), drawing demonstrating the branching pattern of the branch of the ulnar nerve.

<p>The scale bar represents 4 mm.</p

Intramuscular nerve distribution in the APB (right, deep side), drawing demonstrating several intramuscular branches arising from the branch of the recurrent nerve of median nerve (NT, nerve trunk).

<p>The scale bar represents 4 mm.</p

Intramuscular nerve distribution in the ODM (right, deep side), drawing demonstrating the branching pattern of the branch of the ulnar nerve.

<p>The scale bar represents 4 mm.</p

Intramuscular nerve distribution in the FDMB (right, deep side), drawing demonstrating the branching pattern of the branch of the ulnar nerve.

<p>The scale bar represents 4 mm.</p

High-Efficiency Microiterative Optimization in QM/MM Simulations of Large Flexible Systems

We present here a double-optimizations-of-buffer-region (DOBR) microiterative scheme for high-efficiency energy minimizations of large, flexible systems in combined quantum-mechanical/molecular-mechanical (QM/MM) calculations. In the DOBR scheme, an entire system is divided into three regions: the core, buffer, and outer regions. The core region includes QM atoms and the MM atoms within a cutoff distance <i>R</i>₁ to the QM atoms (denoted by MM₁ atoms), and the buffer region consists of MM atoms within another cutoff distance <i>R</i>₂ to MM₁ atoms. Each DOBR microcycle involves two steps: First, QM atoms are assigned electrostatic-potential (ESP) charges, and the buffer and outer regions are optimized at the MM level with the core region kept frozen. Second, the core and buffer regions are optimized at the QM/MM level using the electrostatic embedding with the outer region kept frozen. The two steps are repeated until two optimizations converge at one structure. The DOBR scheme was tested in the optimizations of nucleobases solvated in water spheres of 30 Å radius, where the initial geometries were extracted from the trajectories of classical molecular dynamics simulations, and the cutoff distances <i>R</i>₁ and <i>R</i>₂ were set to 5.0 and 4.0 Å, respectively. For comparisons, the optimizations were also carried out by a “standard” scheme without microiteration and by the two-region microiterative (TRM) method. We found that the averaged number of QM calculations for the DOBR scheme is only ∼1% of that of the standard scheme and ∼6% of the TRM approach. The promising results indicate that the DOBR scheme could significantly increase the efficiency of geometry optimizations for large, flexible systems in QM/MM calculations