Pembentukan Galur Mandul Jantan Baru Padi Hibrida Tahan Penyakit Hawar Daun Bakteri Dan Hama Wereng Batang Coklat

The presently available cytoplasmic male sterile lines (CMS) commonly used to develop rice hybrids in Indonesia are susceptible to major pests and diseases. Research was conducted to develop new cytoplasmic male sterile lines which are highly resistant to major pests and diseases. Two new cytoplasmic male sterile rice lines, GMJ4A and GMJ5A, were developed using backcross method, derived from crosses of BP455G-PN-13-2-1-1-10-MR-3-1 and B11005E-MR-4-2-1, which were identified as completely sterile on a test cross nursery. The following season, sterile F1 generations were successively backcrossed until stable sterile plants were obtained in 2006. Seeds of the two cytoplasmic sterile lines were mass produced at Muara, Bogor, in 2006. GMJ4A and GMJ5A are resistant to bacterial leaf blight patotipe IV and VIII. Both lines are resistant to brown plant hopper in the green house test with scores of 1 to 3. The hybrid combinations involving GMJ4A and GMJ5A were evaluated in an observational yield test at Muara during dry season of 2007 and at Kuningan in dry season 2009. The level of grain yield heterosis were better than the check varieties. These two lines are expected to be used as a replacement for the existing CMS lines

Phenotypic Performance of Ciherang Sub1 Near Isogenic Line as an Adaptive Variety for Flooding Conditions

Marker assisted back crossing (MABC) is a molecular tool that can help breeders in reducing backcrossed generation. However, effectiveness of this method still needs further approval using actual phenotypic performances. The International Rice Research Institute had developed Ciherang near isogenic line (NIL) of submergence tolerance, Sub1. The study aimed to evaluate phenotypic performances of Ciherang Sub1 NIL in the greenhouse and field conditions. The study was conducted in ten locations using five submergence-tolerant varieties and a control treatment under normal conditions. The results showed that the average grain yields and some agronomic traits of Ciherang Sub1 were not significantly different compared with those of Ciherang (recurrent parent). However, under 10- and 15-days of submergence. Ciherang Sub1 was significantly different to Ciherang. The survival rate of Ciherang Sub1 was higher than Ciherang after 14-days submerged in the greenhouse tank experiment. Response of Ciherang Sub1 to brown planthopper biotype 1, 2 and 3, Xanthomonas oryzae pathotype III, IV and VIII, and rice tungro virus inocula from Subang, Magelang and Lanrang were also comparable with its recurrent parent. Quality and physico-chemical properties of rice (milled rice) of Ciherang Sub1 were not different with those of Ciherang. Similarity level of phenotypic traits of Ciherang Sub1 compared to Ciherang was more than 87.5%. This finding proved that a single backcross method can produce progeny identic with its parent. This MABC line can be recommended to farmers in flood-prone area where the Ciherang is preferred

Implication of Gene Action and Heritability Under Stress and Control Conditions for Selection Iron Toxicity Tolerant in Rice

Iron toxicity is major constraint of rice production in irrigated-lowland of tropical regions. Improvement the tolerance of the rice cultivar to iron toxicity needs the information some genetics parameters of the selected characters. Here we study the estimation of gene action and heritability of the grain yield and its component under iron-toxic stress and control field conditions in rice. The iron-toxic tolerant rice cultivars, Pokkali and Mahsuri were crossed with the sensitive cultivar, Inpara5 to develop six generation populations. The breeding materials were grown in the iron toxicity site and control in Taman Bogo, Lampung Indonesia. The sensitive parent and BC1P1 had lower stress tolerance index (STI) compared to the tolerant parent F1, F2 and BC1P2. Most of the characters including the grain yield were fitted the best model in five parameters which were more prominent with interactive epistasis of duplicate and complementary gene action. The heritability's under control were more higher compared to iron toxicity stress condition. Delaying selection to later generations and combining with the shuttle breeding between stressed and controlled environments were the best strategy for improving the grain yield and tolerance to iron toxicity in rice

Interaksi Genotipe X Lingkungan Untuk Hasil Gabah Padi Sawah

Grain yield of rice is determined by genotype (G), environment (E), and interaction between genotype x environment (G x E). Variety can achieve its maximum yield potential if it is grown in suitable environments. This study was aimed to determine the adaptability and the yield stability of rice genotypes grown in different environments. Sixteen rice genotypes were tested using RBD in 16 sites during the wet season of 2010/2011, and dry season of 2011. The tested rice lines were developed for resistance to pest and diseases. The experiment unit was 4 m x 5 m of plot, plants were fertilized with urea, SP36, and KCl at rates of 250 kg/ha, 100 kg/ha, and 100 kg/ha, respectively. Variable observed was grain yield per plot. Combined analyses of variance showed that there was no lines yielded higher than did check variety Conde. The AMMI analysis showed that the largest variation was contributed by the environment factors (76.49%), genotype x environment interactions (17.55%), and the smallest was contributed by the genotypes (5.97%). Data exploration using boxplot method indicated that the low contribution of the genotype x environment interaction variance in this study was due to the high degree of similarity of yield potentials among the genotypes, and due to high similarity of environmental conditions of the sites.Based on the analysis of AMMI 2, lines B12743 - MR-18-2-3-8, IPB107-F-82-2-1, and Conde was each classified as widely adapted genotypes, while G8, IPB107-F-27-6-1, and BIO111-2-BC-PIR-3714, each was considered as genotype having a specific adaptation

Desain Etnik Yacht sebagai Sarana Wisata di Pulau Lombok

Meningkatnya jumlah pengunjung baik domestik maupun mancanegara ke Pulau Lombok setiap tahunnya menunjukkan pulau ini masih memiliki potensi untuk terus dikembangkan pada sektor pariwisata. Menurut data dari Badan Pusat Statistik Lombok, jumlah wisatawan Pulau Lombok pada tahun 2016 mencapai 3.094.437 orang namun jumlah kapal yacht yang beroperasi hanya berjumlah 4 kapal. Kapal yang beroperasi pun masih impor dan tidak ada yang memakai interior etnik khas Lombok. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut, penulis melakukan penelitian mengenai Yacht Ethnic yang sesuai dengan dengan karakteristik Pulau Lombok. Yacht Ethnic direncanakan akan berlayar selama dua hari menuju Pulau Gili Nanggu, Pulau Gili Matra (Air, Meno, Trawangan) dan Pantai Senggigi. Penentuan ukuran utama awal kapal menggunakan 13 kapal pembanding dan presentase jumlah wisatawan bahari di Pulau Lombok sebagai acuan dalam penentuan payload kapal. Dari proses tersebut, ukuran utama yang didapatkan adalah Lpp = 22,30 m, B = 9,30 m, T = 1,52 m, H = 3,60 m, B1 = 3,30 m, CB = 0,398 dan Vs = 10 knot dengan jumlah penumpang sebanyak 7 orang dan 3 crew. Sedangkan, Analisis Ekonomis dilakukan dengan Analisis Kelayakan Investasi. Kelayakan investasi dilakukan dengan biaya pembangunan = Rp. 4.781.883.554,94; NPV = Rp 1.160.290.152; IRR = 17%; dan PP = 6,33 tahun