Signal optimization: using signals to mitigate information overload in crowdfunding campaigns

Purpose – This study explores how information volume affects crowdfunding success and identifies the signals – operational transparency, past crowdfunding experience, perceived project authenticity and perceived product quality – that moderate this relationship. The goal is to provide insights into managing information overload and enhancing the probability of funding success in various information volume contexts. Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected from 2,681 Kickstarter campaigns and analyzed using fixed effects logit regression models. Findings – The study reveals a curved relationship between information volume and funding success, moderated by factors such as operational transparency, crowdfunding experience, project authenticity and product quality. Practical implications – This study provides fund-seekers with essential insights into disseminating information effectively. Originality/value – This study contributes to the literature by elucidating the complex dynamics among information volume, signaling types and crowdfunding success, offering a nuanced understanding of how fund-seekers can optimize their campaigns for better outcomes

Assessing psychological and environmental factors influencing the long-term orientation of TMTs

PurposeThis study identifies and examines psychological and environmental factors that influence the long-term orientation of top management teams (TMTs).Design/methodology/approachData on S&amp;P 500 companies from 2011 to 2020 are collected from the Compustat database. Additional variables were measured through content analysis of earnings conference calls. This study used two-stage least squares regression with fixed effects to analyze the data and test the hypotheses. Appropriate diagnostic tests were conducted to ensure validity and eliminate endogeneity.FindingsThe results indicate that a chief executive officer’s (CEO) promotion focus positively and significantly influences the TMT's long-term orientation. However, the influence of prevention focus is statistically insignificant. Furthermore, the results indicate that environmental hostility moderates both relationships.Practical implicationsThe TMT's long-term orientation can be improved through the insights provided by this study.Originality/valueTo the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to examine the collective effects of psychological and task environmental factors on the long-term orientation of the TMT. Additionally, this study sheds light on the internal dynamics of the top-management team.</jats:sec

Long-term focus and attitude toward entrepreneurial behaviors: the moderating effect of industry-clockspeed

Purpose This study aims to identify and examine the antecedents of attitude toward entrepreneurial behaviors (ATEB) of firms. Additionally, this study also identifies and examines the antecedents of innovativeness and proactiveness. Furthermore, this study explains how factors within and outside the organization affect ATEB, innovativeness and proactiveness. Design/methodology/approach This study uses the attention-based view (ABV) and examines the effects of long-term focus and industry clockspeed on attitude toward firms’ entrepreneurial behaviors (EB). This study measures ATEB by analyzing the top management team’s words in the earnings conference calls. It applies the two-stage least squares regression with fixed effects and instrumental variables to conduct the empirical analysis. Findings The results indicate that the direct effects of long-term focus and industry clockspeed on ATEB are not significant. However, the moderating effect of industry clockspeed on the relationship between long-term focus and EB is significant and positive. The results indicate that firms that are operating in fast clockspeed industries exhibiting long-term focus exhibit EB. Furthermore, the results also indicate that long-term focus and industry clockspeed collectively affect innovativeness and proactiveness. Practical implications This research helps firms to develop entrepreneurial behavior operating under various task environment conditions. Originality/value This study applies the ABV of the firm and contributes to the area of firm-level EB, while prior studies have not implemented this perspective in investigating firm-level EB. Past studies have not applied the ABV of the firm to study EB, innovativeness and proactiveness either independently or collectively. </jats:sec

Stereotype Tax: The Unequal Terrain of Crowdfunding for Women and Black Entrepreneurs

The higher information asymmetry in crowdfunding underscores the significance of trust compared to traditional financing methods. Trust in the high-asymmetry crowdfunding environment relies on cues, which can lead to biased judgments by fund-providers. This study addresses the scarcity of research on bias in crowdfunding by examining how fund-providers, relying on entrepreneurial cues, develop trust. The study defines and introduces the concept of a stereotype tax in entrepreneurial funding, suggesting that minority entrepreneurs face additional expectations to secure trust and funding. Drawing on social categorization theory, the study explores the interaction of uncontrollable cues (race and gender) and controllable cues (expertise, enactment, passion, novelty, and usefulness). Data were collected from MTurk using an experimental survey. This study attempts to create awareness regarding hidden challenges in the form of a \u27hidden\u27 stereotype tax for women and black entrepreneurs in the US in securing trust and funding from fund-providers

Haemophilus parainfluenza-Associated Aortic Root Abscess and Septic Embolic Stroke Post-transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Case Study.

We present a rare instance of aortic root abscess and septic embolic stroke due to Haemophilus parainfluenza in a 75-year-old male patient who had undergone a recent transcatheter aortic valve replacement. The patient initially presented with generalized weakness and altered mental status. Blood cultures grew Haemophilus parainfluenza. Brain imaging showed multiple infarcts with some areas of hemorrhagic conversion. Echocardiography demonstrated an aortic root abscess as well as vegetation on the tricuspid valve. Surgical correction was deemed high risk; hence, management involved intravenous (IV) antibiotics, resulting in the resolution of both symptoms and the absces

Ratio of Placenta to Birth Weight in Anemic and Non-Anemic Mothers

Background: The placenta is a uterine organ in pregnancy which facilitates exchange of materials between maternal and fetal circulation. Decreased maternal hemoglobin decreases oxygen supplementation to fetus among anemic mothers which may cause low birth weight. The aim of this study was to compare the ratio of placenta to birth weight among anemic and non-anemic mothers.&#x0D; Materials and Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in 82 anemic pregnancies and 203 non-anemic pregnancies in Department of Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology, Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar. Participants with haemoglobin concentration lower than 11 g/dl were included in anemic group and 11g/dl or more in non-anemic group. The difference of means of placental weight, birth weight and placenta to birth weight ratio in anemic and non-anemic groups was determined by Student’s t-test.&#x0D; Results: In anemic group, mean placental weight was 578.78±141.80 g, mean birth weight was 2973.17±680.97 g and mean placenta to birth weight ratio was 0.20±0.05. In non-anemic group, mean placental weight was 575.96±128.88 g, mean birth weight was 3125.91±590.89 g and mean placenta to birth weight ratio was 0.19±0.05. Significant difference was observed in means of placenta to birth ratio in anemic and non-anemic groups (p-value 0.05).&#x0D; Conclusion: Mean placental weight and mean ratio of placenta to birth weight was higher in pregnant women with anemia than in non-anemic pregnant women and significant difference was observed in means of placenta to birth ratio between anemic and non-anemic groups.  </jats:p