Electronic structures of Al–Si clusters and the magic number structure Al₈Si₄

<p>The low-energy structures of Al₈Si<i>_m</i> (<i>m</i> = 1–6) have been determined by using the genetic algorithm combined with density functional theory and the Second-order Moller-Plesset perturbation theory (MP2) models. The results show that the close-packed structures are preferable in energy for Al–Si clusters and in most cases there exist a few isomers with close energies. The valence molecular orbitals, the orbital level structures and the electron localisation function (ELF) consistently demonstrate that the electronic structures of Al–Si clusters can be described by the jellium model. Al₈Si₄ corresponds to a magic number structure with pronounced stability and large energy gap; the 40 valence electrons form closed 1S²1P⁶1D¹⁰2S²1F¹⁴2P⁶ shells. The ELF attractors also suggest weak covalent Si–Si, Si–Al and Al–Al bonding, and doping Si in aluminium clusters promotes the covalent interaction between Al atoms.</p

Contractual modifications of statutory matrimonial property regime

Marriage is a topic that more or less concerns all of us. Community property is a financial aspect of marriage which is inseparably tied to it. Despite it being a fundamental problem, it is not well known to the general public. For this reason the aim of this diploma thesis is to clearly and systematically summarize the issue of contractual marital property law. For better understanding, the thesis defines basic terms of statutory matrimonial property regime, and focuses on parts of community property of spouses. Attention is focused on the issue of usual family equipment, because it was removed from the matrimonial property law due to recodification, which then instituted a new matrimonial regime: The Separate Property Regime. Except for the statutory matrimonial property regime, spouses are allowed to negotiate different property regime by using a contract of modification of community property of spouses. The contractual matrimonial property regime represents a major part of this thesis. First, the thesis deals with contractual matrimonial property regime, and then it mainly focuses on types of matrimonial property contracts, its contents and its limitations. It pays significant attention to registration of matrimonial property contracts, especially to the new publicly accessible list of..

Optical colonoscopy (OC) images with polyp.

<p>Optical colonoscopy (OC) images with polyp.</p

Comparison of preprocessing results.

<p>the top row: raw image; the middle row: preprocessing results; the bottom row polyp masks(the polyp is shown in white).</p

Overview of AP algorithm designed for CAD system.

<p>(A) Display screen of endoscopic diagnosis. (B) Display screen after starting the CAD system. (C) The seed placement automatic initialization base on white viewfinder in (B). (D) The segmentation result of AP.</p

Mean processing time per OC image on each database.

<p>Mean processing time per OC image on each database.</p

A schematic plot of the attraction propagation (AP).

<p>A schematic plot of the attraction propagation (AP).</p

Illustration of the RW, PW and AP.

<p>The top row: seeds of foreground and background. The second row: Segmentation results obtained by the RW [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0155371#pone.0155371.ref034" target="_blank">34</a>]. The third row: Segmentation results obtained by the PW [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0155371#pone.0155371.ref037" target="_blank">37</a>]. The last three rows: Segmentation results obtained by the PEA-AP, L2-AP and INN-AP.</p

Comparison of segmentation results.

<p>(a) PEA-AP (b) ACC; (c) CV (d) DRLSE; (e) ERC; (f) FCM; (g) MS; (h) NC; (i) PW; (j) QS; (k) RW and (l) SA-DOVA.</p

Comparison of segmentation results on the Database III.

<p>Comparison of segmentation results on the Database III.</p