Pengaruh Umur Buah Dan Faktor Iklim Terhadap Serangan Penggerek Buah Jeruk Citripestis Sagitiferella Mr. (Lepidoptera:Pyralidae)

. Muryati. 2007. The Effect of Fruit Maturity and Climatic Factors on Damage Intensity of Citrus Fruit by Fruit borer Citripestis sagitiferella (Lepidoptera:Pyralidae).The objective of this research was to understand the effect of fruit maturity and climatic factors on damage intensity of citrus fruit by fruit borer C. sagitiferella. The experiment was conducted at Batu, Malang from August 2001 to July 2002. The experiment to observe the fruit damage by citrus fruit borer on several fruit maturity and climatic conditions were conducted by survey method, while the composition of volatile compounds was done by extraction of fruit peel through steam distilation. Characterization of volatile compounds composition were analized by gas chromatography at Laboratorium of Physic and Chemistry Analysis, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta. The results showed that damage intensity of fruit caused by C. sagitiferella was influenced by concentration of the component of volatile compounds on the different fruit maturity and the number of the rainy days. Limonen as the dominant component on citrus volatile compounds did not affect the preference of C. sagitiferella moth, but along with other components increased the preference. The high number of rainy days increased fruit damages by the moth. The results of this research was usefull for minitoring programe of C. sagitiferella so that the right time of controlling the pest can exactly be decided

UU Antimonopoli Indonesia: suatu Telaah Orientasi dan Implikasinya terhadap Perilaku Pelaku Bisnis dan Konsumen

To minimalize the effect ofthis code from unfairness conduct of bussinessmen, KPPU and court should control its application. However, the making ofthis code has contributed positively the economical aspect of national development

Beberapa Aspek Bioekologi Hama Penggerek Batang Mangga

. Muryati, M. Istianto, and Affandi. 2010. Some Bioecological Aspects of Mango Stem Borer.Stem borer is the most important pest on mango in the wet lowland area. The information about this pest was stillvery limited, therefore, it is difficult to arrange its control strategy. The research were intended to collect data on thespecies of stem borer from some locations, its damage severity on some mango varieties as well as its natural enemies.The study was conducted by survey method from January 2005 to December 2006. The research revealed that thestem borer found in some locations was dominated by Rhytidodera integra (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) (Kolbe 1886).Besides this species, another Cerambycidae, i.e. Palimna annulata Oliver was also found at Aripan Research Stationof Indonesian Tropical Fruit Research Institute. Both species have a similar behavior. The stem borer attacked almostall varieties that were found in research locations. The damage severity of mango by stem borer was 8.83 and 10.36%in West Sumatera and in North Sumatera, respectively. The most severe damage of mango variety in West Sumaterawas Cengkir (23.26%), while in North Sumatera was Podang (19.01%). Five species of natural enemies were foundduring the study. The results of this experiment can be used as initial information to control mango stem bore

Bionomi Tungau pada Enam Kultivar Jeruk

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh enam kultivar jeruk terhadap panjang siklus hidup dan potensireproduksi tungau. Enam varietas jeruk yang dievaluasi adalah manis Sumut, keprok batu-55, keprok kacang, keprokmanis singkarak, keprok keling, dan keprok siem. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Agustus 1997 sampai April1998 di laboratorium Balai Penelitian Tanaman Buah, Solok . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siklus hidup danpotensi reproduksi tungau dipengaruhi oleh kultivar jeruk. Keprok kacang pal ing tahan terhadap tungau. Hal initampak pada umur nimfa pal ing lama (7,2 hari), umur imago pal ing pendek (10,4 hari), jumlah telur yang diletakkanpal ing sedikit (7,1 butir), dan mortalitas nimfa pal ing tinggi (54,0%). Kultivar yang pal ing peka terhadap tungau iniadalah keprok manis singkarak, dicirikan dengan umur nimfa tungau pal ing pendek (4,1 hari), umur imago pal inglama (15,7 hari), jumlah telur yang diletakkan pal ing banyak (36,6 butir), dan mortalitas nimfa pal ing rendah (17,9%).Berdasarkan hasil analisis anatomi daun ternyata panjang siklus hidup dan potensi reproduksi tungau dipengaruhioleh ketebalan epi der mis daun. Semakin tebal epi der mis daun, pertumbuhan tungau semakin kurang baik.Berdasarkan pengamatan terhadap siklus hidup dan potensi reproduksi Tetranychus urticae, keprok kacang memilikiprospek untuk digunakan sebagai sumber tetua guna menghasilkan kultivar jeruk yang toleran terhadap T. urticae.Kata kunci : Tetranychus urticae; Bionomi; Kultivar jerukAB STRACT. Muryati, M. Istianto, and L. Setyobudi. 2004. The bionomic of mite on six cit rus cultivars. Theob jec tives of this re search was to eval u ate the life cy cle and po ten tial re pro duc tion of T. urticae on six cit rus cultivars.The six cultivars were manis Sumut, keprok batu-55, keprok kacang, keprok manis singkarak, keprok keling, andkeprok siem. The re search was con ducted since Au gust 1997 un til April 1998 un der lab o ra tory con di tion at In do ne -sian Fruit Re search In sti tute, Solok. The re sults showed that the life cy cle length and po ten tial re pro duc tion of T.urticae was sig nif i cantly in flu enced by cit rus cultivars. Keprok kacang was the most un suit able cultivar for T. urticaede vel op ment com pare with oth ers, which was in di cated by the lon gest nymph stages (7.2 days), the short est adultstage (10.4 days), the low est num ber of eggs laid (7.1), and the high est nymph mor tal ity (54.0%). The most suit ablecultivar for T. urticae de vel op ment was keprok manis singkarak, which was in di cated by the short est nymph stages(4.1 days), the lon gest adult stages (15.7 days), the high est num ber of eggs laid (36.6), and the low est nymph mor tal ity(17,9%). Based on the leaves anat omy, the keprok kacang has the thick ness of epi der mic tis sue, which in flu enced un -suit able on the mite's lenght life cy cle and re pro duc tive po ten tial. There fore, keprok kacang has a po ten tial to be usedas pa ren tal for cit rus va ri ety im prove ment pro gram against T. urticae

The Effect of Gradually Stirring on Halophilic Bacteria Growth with Artemia Salina Nutrition for Salt Production

Halophilic bacteria are microorganisms whose habitat is at high salt content. Halophilic bacteria in the presence of salt crystallization can increase the purity of NaCl. Nutrients that contain carbon and oxygen must be available for the survival of bacteria, where Artemia salina contains 52% protein and 15.49% carbohydrate. The purpose of this study was to determine the development of the growth of halophilic bacteria using nutrient Artemia salina for salt production. Three variables were used in this reserach: the first variables includes aeration and stirrer, the second variable was stirring time (½, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 hours) and the third variable was mixing period, there were consisted of 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th and 7th day. The best treatment for transmitance and microbial analysis were 6 hours and seven days of aeration, each point was 33% transmitance and 2,25 x 103 colony forming unit per mililiter for microbilogy analysis

Distribusi Spesies Lalat Buah di Sumatera Barat dan Riau

. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui distribusi dan diversitas spesies lalat buah di Sumatera Barat dan Pulau Kundur Kabupaten Karimun, Riau. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode survei mulai bulan Juni 2003 – Desember 2004. Lalat buah ditangkap menggunakan perangkap yang terbuat dari botol bekas air mineral yang di dalamnya digantungkan kapas yang telah dibasahi dengan metil eugenol dan cue lure. Lalat buah hasil tangkapan dibawa ke Laboratorium Proteksi Balai Penelitian Tanaman Buah Tropika Solok untuk diidentifikasi menggunakan kunci identifikasi elektronik Cabikey. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari semua lokasi penelitian diperoleh 45 spesies lalat buah (2 spesies belum teridentifikasi). Tiga spesies lalat buah ditemukan di semua lokasi penelitian, yaitu B. albistrigata, B. carambolae, dan B. papayae. Keragaman spesies lalat buah paling tinggi ditemukan di Kabupaten Solok, Sumatera Barat dan Pulau Kundur, berturut-turut ditemukan 30 spesies dan 25 spesies lalat buah. Hasil penelitian ini bermanfaat sebagai informasi terutama bagi karantina sebagai dasar untuk memperketat aturan mengenai keluar masuknya buah-buahan dari dan ke suatu daerah sehingga spesies-spesies yang ada di daerah tertentu terutama daerah yang mempunyai diversitas spesies tinggi tidak masuk ke daerah lain

Meningkatkan Kemampuan Siswa Dalam Memahami Unsur Intrinsik Cuplikan Novel Remaja Melalui Media Film Pendek

The purpose of this action research is to improve students understanding of the intrinsic elements of teen novels by using short film media VIIIA grade students of MTs. Al-Ihsan Pontianak. The method used is descriptive, qualitative forms of research is and what kind of research is a classroom action research (PTK) with reference to the model Kemmis and Mc. Taggart. The results showed that learning by using short film media can enhance students understanding of the intrinsic novel element teen novel excerpts VIIIA grade students of MTs. Al Ihsan Pontianak. It was found that: a. Increased student learning outcomes, it is seen in the average value of each cycle. The first cycle of the average value of the percentage of completeness class 64,82. In the second cycle increased to 80,10 with the percentage of 89,28% completeness. An increase in the average value of 15, 28 and 64,29% percentage of completeness

Preferensi Ngengat Citripestis Sagitiferella terhadap Minyak Atsiri Tiga Varietas Jeruk

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui preferensi ngengat Citripestis sagitiferella terhadap minyakatsiri yang diekstrak dari tiga varietas jeruk (manis pacitan, besar nambangan, dan siem). Buah jeruk yang digunakansebagai materi untuk ekstraksi diambil dari Batu, Malang (untuk jeruk manis dan siem) dan Magetan (untuk jerukbesar) pada bulan Juli 2001. Minyak atsiri jeruk diperoleh dengan metode destilasi uap air. Ngengat C. sagitiferellayang digunakan untuk perlakuan diperoleh dengan mengumpulkan larva yang menyerang jeruk manis di Batu Malangpada bulan Oktober 2001, kemudian buah yang terserang dibawa ke laboratorium Ilmu Hama Tumbuhan FakultasPertanian Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta untuk dipelihara sampai menjadi ngengat. Ngengat yang barumuncul kemudian digunakan untuk uji preferensi menggunakan olfaktometer yang berbentuk Y dan terbuat daritabung kaca py rex. Untuk mengetahui komposisi senyawa kimia dari minyak atsiri jeruk, dilakukan deteksimenggunakan kromatografi gas dan kromatografi gas-spektrofotometri massa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwangengat C. sagitiferella tertarik pada minyak atsiri dari ketiga varietas jeruk. Tingkat preferensi C. sagitiferellatertinggi adalah terhadap minyak atsiri dari jeruk manis, dan selanjutnya jeruk besar dan siem. Minyak atsiri yangdiekstrak dari jeruk manis yang berumur 6 bulan lebih menarik ngengat C. sagitiferella dibandingkan yang berumur 2bulan. The pref er ence of Citripestis sagitiferella mothsto vol a tile com pounds of three cit rus va ri et ies. The ob jec tive of this re search was to de ter mine the pref er ence ofC. sagitiferella moths to vol a tile com pounds ex tracted from three cit rus va ri et ies (pacitan sweet or ange, nambanganpom elo, and siem or ange). Citrus fruits were taken from Batu, Malang (sweet or ange and siem or ange) and Magetan(pom elo) in July 2001. The vol a tile com pounds were ob tained through a steam distilation method. The lar vae of C.sagitiferella were col lected from dam aged sweet or ange (Batu, Malang) in Oc to ber 2001, and brought to the lab o ra -tory for sub se quent de vel op ment. Newly emerged moths were used in this study. The pref er ence tests were car ried outus ing a Y shape olfactometer. The GC and GC-MS were used to de tect the com po nents of vol a tile com pounds. There sults showed that C. sagitiferella moths at tracted to vol a tile com pounds ex tracted from all cit rus va ri et ies tested,with sweet or ange was found to be the most pref er a ble, fol lowed by pom elo and siem or ange. Fur ther more, the vol a tilecom pounds ex tracted from 6 months (af ter fruit set ting) sweet or ange was more at trac tive for C. sagitiferella mothsthen the 2 months (af ter fruit set ting) or ange fruit