Had-had perubahan boleh diterima dalam pelancongan: Satu tinjauan teori dan konseptual

Had perubahan boleh diterima (Limits of acceptable change - LAC) dalam pelancongan adalah satu metod dalam menentukan tahap perubahan yang mampu ditampung di sesebuah destinasi pelancongan. Pada Januari 1985, LAC diterbitkan oleh Forest Service dan dilaksanakan buat kali pertama pada 1 April 1987 terhadap kompleks hutan belantara Bob Marshall. Pada mulanya, konsep ini direka untuk diaplikasikan dalam sistem hutan belantara Amerika Syarikat bagi pengurusan yang lebih baik berikutan peningkatan permintaan serta kesan daripada pendaki dan backpacker. Proses ini menilai kesan yang berlaku semasa aktiviti, mengukur perubahan yang akan diterima, memantau apa yang berlaku secara sistematik dan teratur dan menentukan tindakan yang sesuai dan dipersetujui oleh beberapa pihak berkepentingan selepas perbincangan. LAC berbeza dengan kapasiti daya tampung (caryying capacity) kerana konsep kapasiti daya tampung itu sendiri hanya memfokuskan kepada perspektif biofizikal manakala LAC lebih menggalakkan perbincangan, menimbulkan pendapat dan cadangan daripada orang awam dan pihak pengurusan. Ia dianggap sistem yang terbaik dalam menyelesaikan sesuatu isu di lokasi pelancongan. Justeru, artikel ini akan meneliti konsep dan langkah-langkah dalam menyelesaikan isu berdasarkan sistem LAC ini

Assessing the evolution of paddy cultivation in kota belud, sabah using gis and remote sensing techniques

This study aims to analyse the development of paddy cultivation in Kota Belud, Sabah using remote sensing and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) from 1990 to 2020. The cultivation of agriculture-based crops began in the early 1990s, and in 2017-2018, the Malaysian and state government identified Kota Belud as a paddy granary, making the cultivation of paddy a priority. This was in line with the National Agro-Food Policy 2021-2030, which aims to improve food security policies and reduce dependence on imports by enhancing rice production through technology reform and various initiatives. This study employed GIS and remote sensing techniques to analyse the changes in land use for paddy cultivation. Landsat TM 5 and Landsat TM 8 images were used to extract data of land use from 1990 to 2020. The results indicate that the area of paddy cultivation increased from 4,329 ha in 1990 to 12,564 ha in 2020, with fluctuations in between. The specific GIS and remote sensing techniques used in the analysis included unsupervised and supervised classification technique with accuracy classification of 94%, 86%, 98.30% and 91.60 % for year 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2010, respectively. Overall, the findings of this study can be used as a guideline by local authorities to improve rice production and food security in Malaysia

Rural tourism in Kota Marudu, Sabah: Diversity of products and challenges

Kota Marudu has a variety of products with the potential to be developed as unique and attractive rural tourism attractions, especially in terms of its beautiful nature and cultural heritage. Rural tourism offers a variety of attractions and local products, such as ecotourism and agrotourism, as well as the culture and heritage of local communities. This study examines the diversity of rural tourism products in Kota Marudu. The variety of products is classified into three main features, namely physical attractions, cultural attractions, and events, as well as other attractions. The aspects of challenges and problems in developing rural tourism products are also examined in this paper. In the context of Kota Marudu, a study of rural tourism development needs to be undertaken to identify the diversity of tourism products that can be potentially developed, and to examine the challenges and problems toward such efforts. In short, various initiatives and policies need to be carried out practically and holistically so that rural tourism in this district continues to be developed and remains competent

Innovation Diffusion Impact on Students’ Online Platform Participation

Technology and innovation offer excellent opportunities for educational institutions, particularly Higher Education Institutions (HEIs), to provide high-quality education services in the industry 4.0 era. Most classes are conducted online during the pandemic, whereby students fully participate in online learning activities and processes. Thus, the study aims to examine the influence of relative advantage, complexity, and observability on students’ online platform participation. The study employed a cross-sectional research design and collected quantitative data from 384 students using a purposive sampling technique. Additionally, a questionnaire was distributed through WhatsApp and Facebook to collect data and analysed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 21. The findings revealed that relative advantage, complexity, and observability significantly affect students’ online platform participation. Furthermore, the study provided several insights into students’ online participation

An Investigation of the Supply Chain Strategy for Social Carrying Capacity: A Study of Pangkor Island, Perak, Malaysia

Tourism is one of the fastest-growing sectors and plays a vital role in economic development in most countries, including Malaysia. With an extraordinary growth of tourist arrival, it has given effect on the environment, social and economic structures. Of these, the primary purpose of the current study is to identify the perception of domestic tourists on the intensity of social carrying capacity at Pangkor Island, Perak, Malaysia. This quantitative study is designed using a survey questionnaire (self-administered) to 332 domestic tourists during four phases of public holidays as a tourist option to visit Pangkor Island. The results of this study indicated that the Social Carrying Capacity (SCC) assessment is based on tourists' response, crowding rate at a tourist spot/location and the satisfaction level of tourists while travelling to the area. The perception of domestic tourists is divided into three parts, namely; satisfaction with the facilities, quality of experience and acceptance from the locals. Also, using the People at One Time (PAOT) method, respondents were given five options and picture showing the tourist situation during their visit to Pulau Pangkor. From PAOT analysis, 37.5% tourists chose Picture C followed by picture D (31.2%), Picture B (11.8%), picture E (8.1%), Picture F (7.7 %) and picture A (3.7%). As a result, from these two methods, SCC in Pangkor Island is still acceptable for domestic tourists. This study provides significant information to stakeholders to make sure that SCC at Pangkor Island is within tourism activities control.Keywords—Social Carrying Capacity, Tourism Carrying Capacity, Intensit

Warisan Budaya Etnik Bajau Samah di Kota Belud, Sabah

Sabah terkenal dengan kepelbagaian etnik dalam kalangan masyaraka yang terdiri daripada Kadazandusun, Bajau, Bugis, Iranum, Brunei, Bonggi dan beberapa etnik lagi. Adanya kepelbagaian etnik di Sabah, maka wujudlah kepelbagaian adat istiadat dan warisan etnik masing-masing. Antara seni warisan yang terkenal di Sabah ialah etnik Bajau Samah di Kota Belud, Sabah. Namun demikian, seni warisan etnik Bajau Samah ini tidak berkembang seperti mana keunggulan yang di miliki oleh warisan tersebut. Oleh itu, kajian ini dijalankan untuk: (1) mengenalpasti bentuk-bentuk warisan budaya Etnik Bajau Samah; (2) menganalisis cabaran dalam mengekalkan warisan budaya; dan (3) mengkaji usaha-usaha dalam mempromosikan warisan budaya kepada masyarakat. Kaedah campuran terdiri daripada Primer dan Sekunder diaplikasikan dalam kajian ini. Data primer diperolehi daripada temubual dengan para informan dan kaedah pemerhatian sewaktu menjalankan kajian lapangan; dan data sekunder diperolehi daripada perpustakaan Universiti Malaysia Sabah, di Pusat Sumber FSSK,UMS dan di ARKIB Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan warisan budaya etnik Bajau Samah dapat dipecahkan kepada dua bahagian iaitu budaya benda dan budaya bukan benda. Terdapat pelbagai cabaran yang dihadapi oleh etnik Bajau Samah untuk mengekalkan warisan budaya mereka terutama sekali dari segi keterlibatan generasi muda yang tidak mahu mempelajari dan mengambil tahu tentang warisan mereka sendiri. Namun, terdapat usaha yang dilakukan oleh Persatuan Etnik Bajau Samah, di Kota Belud bagi mengekalkan dan menonjolkan warisan budaya mereka agar dapat menarik minat generasi muda untuk mempelajari dan memelihara warisan budaya mereka agar tidak hilang ditelan zaman. Kesimpulannya, antara usaha persatuan etnik Bajau Samah dan golongan tua ini adalah dengan menonjolkan keunikan dan keistimewaan warisan budaya etnik Bajau Samah kepada masyarakat di dalam dan di luar negara dengan pelbagai cara, terutamanya dengan menggunakan pengaruh media massa

Cabaran dan inisiatif usahawan pelancongan skala Mikro dalam menghadapi pandemik Covid-19 di daerah Ranau, Sabah

Pelancongan boleh dikatakan salah satu alternatif sektor industri yang menyumbang pendapatan keada Negara Malaysia serta berkeupayaan untuk memperkenalkan sesuatu tempat menarik yang tersorok di sesuatu tempat sehingga ke peringkat dunia. Secara tidak langsung, keadaan ini mampu mengurangkan jurang kemiskinan dalam kalangan penduduk tempatan. Kajian penyelidikan ini dijalankan adalah bertujuan untuk mengkaji inisiatif usahawan pelancongan skala mikro dalam menanganinya di Daerah Ranau, Sabah. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kualitatif iaitu melalui kaedah temu bual. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa dalam kalangan pengusaha pelancongan mikro di daerah Ranau mendapati kebanyakkan daripada mereka amat terkesan dengan Pandemik COVID-19 ini. Di samping itu, kajian ini juga berjaya mengumpul dan menemukan beberapa dapatan penting berhubung dengan cabaran-cabaran serta inisiatif-inisiatif yang perlu dihadapi oleh usahawan pelancongan skala mikro dalam menangani pandemik COVID-19 di Daerah Ranau, Sabah. Kesimpulannya, walaupun pelbagai kekangan yang perlu dihadapi oleh penyelidk, namun penyelidik tidak putus asa terutama dalam mendapatkan informan-informan yang sudi untuk ditemubual secara online oleh penyelidik

Social Carrying Capacity as A Planning Tool for Sustainable Tourism: A Case of Pangkor Island, Perak, Malaysia

Tourism can drive economic growth and development in destinations, but unchecked growth can have negative impacts on local communities and the environment. To ensure that tourism is sustainable and does not cause harm, social carrying capacity (SCC) has become a useful planning tool. SCC refers to the maximum number of tourists that a destination can accommodate without exceeding the capacity of local resources, infrastructure, and services. This study aims to identify the level of crowding on public holidays at Pangkor Island and the acceptance levels of tourists and the local community regarding tourism. A quantitative methodology was used, involving 96 international tourists, 332 domestic tourists, and 387 members of the local community. The results indicate that the level of crowding on public holidays at Pangkor Island is still within acceptable limits. The barometer showed that international tourist respondents rated the level of crowding as excellent (green colour), while domestic tourist respondents rated it as acceptable (yellow colour). Local community respondents also rated the level of crowding as high but still acceptable (green colour). This study concludes that the Social Carrying Capacity at Pangkor Island is still good, and it is important to maintain it to achieve sustainable tourism. By managing tourism growth and ensuring that the number of tourists does not exceed the SCC, destinations can reap the economic benefits of tourism while preserving the natural and cultural heritage of the area and protecting the well-being of the local community

Assessing satellite rainfall accuracy in dense tropical Sabah East Coast Forest, Malaysia: A cross-validation of downscaling technique

Rainfall is one of pivotal elements in the hydrological cycle that essential for ensuring the water balance in present and in the future. Traditional in-situ observations have been the conventional method for obtaining rainfall data, but their limitations arise from discrete point measurements that fail to represent the entire area. To overcome these limitations, this study utilizes satellite based TRMM data products for rainfall estimation. The research aims to cross-validate the TRMM 3B43-v7 product against corresponding in-situ measured rainfall, focusing on error localization in Sabah's east coast. The derivation of the rainfall rate from TRMM data is adequate with additional data from three manual gauges within the plots. The correlation between TRMM and ground was good (R2 = 0.78, RMSE = 65.65 mm). The Nash and Sutcliffe Error results closed to value 1 indicate that the accuracy of the TRMM data compared to the rain-gauge data in Danum has a good agreement. This is due to the IDW downscaling method for satellite rainfall data using additional data from three manual-gauges within the plots to increase the accuracy of the TRMM data. In summary, the downscaling method proves capable of providing fine spatial resolution and increasing the number of pixels in the study area. Future research endeavours may benefit from incorporating more station data to further improve the interpolation of satellite data and derive more precise results