Chromatin occupancy by TRα1 in C17.2/TRα1 cells.

*<p>Identified using NUBISCAN. Bold characters correspond to TREs with more that 2-fold enrichment after C17.2/TRα1 cells ChAP. ND: not determined, N/A: not relevant. Mean ± SD for three independent experiments.</p

Kinetics of T3 target genes expression in wild-type and <i>TRα^AMI/S</i> mice in the cerebellum as measured by Q-RT-PCR.

<p>Expression levels were calculated for each target gene by Q-RT-PCR in wild-type and <i>TRα^AMI/S</i> littermates at P4, P8, P15 and P21 (minimum 3 animals of each genotype for each time point). Data are expressed as mean ± SD using wild-type P4 values (A), for genes with decreasing or stable expression levels over time or P21 (B), for genes with increasing expression levels, as a reference for each genotype. *p<0.05; **p<0.01 for comparisons between wild-type and <i>TRα^AMI/S</i> mice for each time point (Student’s t-test).</p

Cell autonomous effect of <i>in vivo</i> expression of a dominant negative TRα1 mutation.

<p><i>TRα^AMI/S</i> data are reported from <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0030703#pone-0030703-g002" target="_blank">figure 2</a> for comparisons. ND: Not determined. Values are indicated as mean ± SD. Significant changes (Student T-test) are indicated in bold:</p>**<p>: p<0.01,</p>*<p>: p<0.05.</p

Database analysis of expression patterns and gene functions.

<p>Abbreviations: AS: Astrocytes, BC: Basket cells, BG: Bergmann glia, EGL: external granular layer, GI: Golgi interneurons, IGL: internal granular layer, ML: molecular layer, OL:Oligodendrocytes, PC: Purkinje cells, PCL: Purkinje cell layer, SC: Stellate cells, Ubi: ubiquitous, WM: White matter. N/A: not available. First location is the principal location. Data from Allen Brain Atlas, GENSAT and reference <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0030703#pone.0030703-Doyle1" target="_blank">[32]</a>.</p

Transfection of TRα1 into C17.2 cells restores their response to T3 treatment.

<p>A. T3-induced <i>Hr</i> expression is detected earlier and stronger in transfected C17.2/TRα1 cells (black bars) than in non-transfected cells (white bars), *p<0.05, Student’s t-test difference between non-transfected cells and C17.2/TRα1 cells. B. The level of change in expression induced by T3 and measured by Q-RT-PCR in C17.2/TRα1 cells is indicated for each target gene, using non-treated cultures as reference (represented as log2 of the fold change). White bars indicate T3 treatment in proliferative medium (containing serum), black bars indicated T3 treatment in serum-deprived medium allowing for differentiation. Most genes show a response only in serum-deprived medium, *p<0.05, Student’s t-test, difference between serum containing and serum deprived cultures.</p

Q-RT-PCR confirmation of T3 mediated regulation in primary cultures of cerebellum neuronal cells.

<p>Bold characters outline fold changes superior to 2.</p

A Digital Acoustofluidic Pump Powered by Localized Fluid-Substrate Interactions

The precise transportation of small-volume liquids in microfluidic and nanofluidic systems remains a challenge for many applications, such as clinical fluidical analysis. Here, we present a reliable digital pump that utilizes acoustic streaming induced by localized fluid–substrate interactions. By locally generating streaming via a C-shaped interdigital transducer (IDT) within a triangle-edged microchannel, our acoustofluidic pump can generate a stable unidirectional flow (∼nanoliter per second flow rate) with a precise digital regulation (∼second response time), and it is capable of handling aqueous solutions (e.g., PBS buffer) as well as high viscosity liquids (e.g., human blood) with a nanoliter-scale volume. Along with our acoustofluidic pump’s low cost, programmability, and capacity to control small-volumes at high precision, it could be widely used for point-of-care diagnostics, precise drug delivery, and fundamental biomedical research

A Digital Acoustofluidic Pump Powered by Localized Fluid-Substrate Interactions

The precise transportation of small-volume liquids in microfluidic and nanofluidic systems remains a challenge for many applications, such as clinical fluidical analysis. Here, we present a reliable digital pump that utilizes acoustic streaming induced by localized fluid–substrate interactions. By locally generating streaming via a C-shaped interdigital transducer (IDT) within a triangle-edged microchannel, our acoustofluidic pump can generate a stable unidirectional flow (∼nanoliter per second flow rate) with a precise digital regulation (∼second response time), and it is capable of handling aqueous solutions (e.g., PBS buffer) as well as high viscosity liquids (e.g., human blood) with a nanoliter-scale volume. Along with our acoustofluidic pump’s low cost, programmability, and capacity to control small-volumes at high precision, it could be widely used for point-of-care diagnostics, precise drug delivery, and fundamental biomedical research

A Digital Acoustofluidic Pump Powered by Localized Fluid-Substrate Interactions

The precise transportation of small-volume liquids in microfluidic and nanofluidic systems remains a challenge for many applications, such as clinical fluidical analysis. Here, we present a reliable digital pump that utilizes acoustic streaming induced by localized fluid–substrate interactions. By locally generating streaming via a C-shaped interdigital transducer (IDT) within a triangle-edged microchannel, our acoustofluidic pump can generate a stable unidirectional flow (∼nanoliter per second flow rate) with a precise digital regulation (∼second response time), and it is capable of handling aqueous solutions (e.g., PBS buffer) as well as high viscosity liquids (e.g., human blood) with a nanoliter-scale volume. Along with our acoustofluidic pump’s low cost, programmability, and capacity to control small-volumes at high precision, it could be widely used for point-of-care diagnostics, precise drug delivery, and fundamental biomedical research