General Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Hetero-aromatic Ketones

trans-RuCl2[(R)-xylbinap][(R)-daipen] or the S,S complex acts as an efficient catalyst for asymmetric hydrogenation of hetero-aromatic ketones. The hydrogenation proceeds with a substrate-to-catalyst molar ratio of 1000−40000 to give chiral alcohols in high ee and high yield. The enantioselectivity appears to be little affected by the properties of the hetero-aromatic ring. This method allows for asymmetric synthesis of duloxetine, an inhibitor of serotonin and norepinephrine uptake carriers

Relationship between physical activity and clinical parameters assessed via multiple regression analysis.

Relationship between physical activity and clinical parameters assessed via multiple regression analysis.</p

Relationship between physical activity and clinical characteristics assessed using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient.

Relationship between physical activity and clinical characteristics assessed using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient.</p

Mean values of demographic characteristics and pulmonary function by GOLD stages.

Mean values of demographic characteristics and pulmonary function by GOLD stages.</p

Mean values of the parameters of extrapulmonary comorbidities by GOLD stages.

Mean values of the parameters of extrapulmonary comorbidities by GOLD stages.</p

S1 Data -

(XLSX)</p

Titration of the apo-form of DH_PDH with PQQ.

The purified apo-form of DHPDH (50 nM) was pre-incubated with various concentrations of PQQ in 50 mM MES buffer, pH 6.5, containing 1 mM CaCl2. After 1 min, the enzyme activity was determined according to the procedure described in the Experimental Procedures.</p

First Total Syntheses of Beauvericin A and <i>allo</i>-Beauvericin A

The first total syntheses of beauvericin A and allo-beauvericin A were achieved. N-Methyl-l-phenylalanine, (2R)-hydroxylvaleric acid, and (2R,3S)- or (2R,3R)-2-hydroxy-2-methylpentanoic acid were linked and cyclized to form the target natural products. The structure of synthetic beauvericin A was confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis. NMR data of the synthetic beauvericins were identical with those of the reported natural products. These results secure the structures of natural products, as originally proposed in the isolation studies

Cyclic voltammogram of <i>Cc</i>PDH immobilized on a plastic-formed carbon electrode modified with 27 nm carbon nanoparticles.

The voltammogram was obtained in 100 mM HEPES buffer, pH 7.0, at a scan rate of 20 mV/s.</p

Enzyme concentration dependence of the amount of adsorbed <i>Cc</i>PDH.

Closed circle, highly crystalline cellulose from Cladophora; open circle, PASC. The adsorption of CcPDH was measured after incubation for 120 min with 1 mg/mL of cellulose at 30°C as described in the Experimental Procedures.</p